| 1. |
- Balatsky, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Classical and quantum temperature fluctuations via holography
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study local temperature fluctuations in a 2+1 dimensional CFT on the sphere, dual to a black hole in asymptotically AdS spacetime. The fluctuation spectrum is governed by the lowest-lying hydrodynamic modes of the system whose frequency and damping rate determine whether temperature fluctuations are thermal or quantum. We calculate numerically the corresponding quasinormal frequencies and match the result with the hydrodynamics of the dual CFT at high temperature. As a by-product of our analysis we determine the appropriate boundary conditions for calculating low-lying quasinormal modes for a four-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole in global AdS.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Geng, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Test of the State Estimation-Reversal Tradeoff Relation in General Quantum Measurements
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review X. - 2160-3308. ; 4:5, s. 021043-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When a measurement has limited strength, only partial information, regarding the initial state, is extracted, and, correspondingly, there is a probability to reverse its effect on the system and retrieve the original state. Recently, a clear and direct quantitative description of this complementary relationship, in terms of a tradeoff relation, was developed by Y. K. Cheong and S. W. Lee. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 150402 (2012)]. Here, this tradeoff relation is experimentally verified using polarization-encoded single photons from a quantum dot. Measurement operators representing a complete range, from not affecting the system to a projection to a single polarization state, are realized. In addition, for each measurement operator, an optimal reversal operator is also implemented. The upper bound of the tradeoff relation is mapped to experimental parameters representing the measurement strength. Our results complement the theoretical work and provide a hands-on characterization of general quantum measurements.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Geng, et al.
(författare)
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Heisenberg-scaling measurement of the single-photon Kerr non-linearity using mixed states
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improving the precision of measurements is a significant scientific challenge. Previous works suggest that in a photon-coupling scenario the quantum fisher information shows a quantum-enhanced scaling of N-2, which in theory allows a better-than-classical scaling in practical measurements. In this work, utilizing mixed states with a large uncertainty and a post-selection of an additional pure system, we present a scheme to extract this amount of quantum fisher information and experimentally attain a practical Heisenberg scaling. We performed a measurement of a single-photon's Kerr non-linearity with a Heisenberg scaling, where an ultra-small Kerr phase of. 6 x 10(-8) rad was observed with a precision of similar or equal to 3.6 x 10(-10) rad. From the use of mixed states, the upper bound of quantum fisher information is improved to 2N(2). Moreover, by using an imaginary weak-value the scheme is robust to noise originating from the self-phase modulation.
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| 4. |
- Edge, Jonathan M., et al.
(författare)
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Quantum Critical Origin of the Superconducting Dome in SrTiO3
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 115:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We expand the well-known notion that quantum criticality can induce superconductivity by proposing a concrete mechanism for superconductivity due to quantum ferroelectric fluctuations. To this end, we investigate the origin of superconductivity in doped SrTiO3 using a combination of density functional and strong coupling theories within the framework of quantum criticality. Our density functional calculations of the ferroelectric soft mode frequency as a function of doping reveal a crossover related to quantum paraelectricity at a doping level coincident with the experimentally observed top of the superconducting dome. Thus, we suggest a model in which the soft mode fluctuations provide the pairing interaction for superconductivity carriers. Within our model, the low doping limit of the superconducting dome is explained by the emergence of the Fermi surface, and the high doping limit by departure from the quantum critical regime. We predict that the highest critical temperature will increase and shift to lower carrier doping with increasing O-18 isotope substitution, a scenario that is experimentally verifiable. Our model is applicable to other quantum paraelectrics, such as KTaO3.
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| 5. |
- Ferreiros, Yago, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed Axial-Torsional Anomaly in Weyl Semimetals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 122:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that Weyl semimetals exhibit a mixed axial-torsional anomaly in the presence of axial torsion, a concept exclusive of these materials with no known natural fundamental interpretation in terms of the geometry of spacetime. This anomaly implies a nonconservation of the axial current - the difference in the current of left- and right-handed chiral fermions - when the torsion of the spacetime in which the Weyl fermions move couples with opposite sign to different chiralities. The anomaly is activated by driving transverse sound waves through a Weyl semimetal with a spatially varying tilted dispersion, which can be engineered by applying strain. This leads to a sizable alternating current in the presence of a magnetic field that provides a clear-cut experimental signature of our predictions.
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| 6. |
- Kedem, Yaron, et al.
(författare)
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Black and white holes at material junctions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review Research. - 2643-1564. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrons in type II Weyl semimetals display one-way propagation, which supports totally reflecting behavior at an endpoint, as one has for black hole horizons viewed from the inside. Junctions of type I and type II lead to equations identical to what one has near black hole horizons, but the physical implications, we suggest, are quite different from expectations which are conventional in that context. The time-reversed, “white hole” configuration is also physically accessible.
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| 7. |
- Kedem, Yaron
(författare)
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Novel pairing mechanism for superconductivity at a vanishing level of doping driven by critical ferroelectric modes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 98:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superconductivity occurring at low densities of mobile electrons is still a mystery since the standard theories do not apply in this regime. We address this problem by using a microscopic model for ferroelectric (FE) modes, which mediate an effective attraction between electrons. When the dispersion of modes, around zero momentum, is steep, forward scattering is the main pairing process and the self-consistent equation for the gap function can be solved analytically. The solutions exhibit unique features: Different momentum components of the gap function are decoupled, and at the critical regime of the FE modes, different frequency components are also decoupled. This leads to effects that can be observed experimentally: The gap function can be nonmonotonic in temperature and the critical temperature can be independent of the chemical potential. The model is applicable to lightly doped polar semiconductors, in particular, strontium titanate.
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| 8. |
- Kedem, Yaron
(författare)
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Obtaining imaginary weak values with a classical apparatus : Applications for the time and frequency domains
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physics Letters A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9601 .- 1873-2429. ; 378:30-31, s. 2096-2099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weak measurements with imaginary weak values are reexamined in light of recent experimental results. The shift of the meter, due to the imaginary part of the weak value, is derived via the probability of post-selection, which allows considering the meter as a distribution of a classical variable. The derivation results in a simple relation between the change in the distribution and its variance. By applying this relation to several experimental results, in which the meter involved the time and frequency domains, it is shown to be especially suitable for scenarios of that kind. The practical and conceptual implications of a measurement method, which is based on this relation, are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Kedem, Yaron, et al.
(författare)
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Unusual superconducting isotope effect in the presence of a quantum criticality
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950. ; 93:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The isotope effect in superconductivity (SC) is used to make a concrete connection to a quantum critical point (QCP) that is tunable by isotopic mass substitution. We find a distinct contribution to the isotope exponent in SC and derive an explicit relation to the critical exponent of a QCP. The relation between the two exponents is general and can be used as an experimental signature for the connection between SC and a QCP. We demonstrate it in a scenario where the SC pairing is due to modes related to a structural instability. Within this model the isotope exponent is derived in terms of microscopic parameters.
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| 10. |
- Pan, Wei-Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Direct Measurement of a Nonlocal Entangled Quantum State
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 123:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Entanglement and the wave function description are two of the core concepts that make quantum mechanics such a unique theory. A method to directly measure the wave function, using weak values, was demonstrated by Lundeen et al. [Nature 474, 188 (2011)]. However, it is not applicable to a scenario of two disjoint systems, where nonlocal entanglement can be a crucial element, since that requires obtaining weak values of nonlocal observables. Here, for the first time, we propose a method to directly measure a nonlocal wave function of a bipartite system, using modular values. The method is experimentally implemented for a photon pair in a hyperentangled state, i.e., entangled both in polarization and momentum degrees of freedom.
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