| 1. |
- Ekberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Ventilation i Sverige : En kunskapssammanställning
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boverket ser ett behov av en kunskapssammanställning kring nuläget för ventilation för att ha en så bred och korrekt förståelse som möjligt för vem branschen är, vilka regler som tillämpas, var det finns kunskapscentra och vilka utvecklingsbehov som behöver stödjas.Rapporten tar uppVentilation som en del av byggnaden; Ventilation i bostäder; Ventilation i lokaler; Ventilation och inneklimatkrav (regelverk) samt kontroller; Mäta och verifiera inneklimat och ventilation; Energikrav och rekommendationer för ventilation; Brandskydd och ventilation; Ventilations påverkan på smittspridning; Vägledningar för ventilation och inomhusklimat; Branschens aktörer i SVerige; En fördjupande enkät; Behov av fortsatt kartläggning
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| 4. |
- Dalen, Love, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying Bird Remains Using Ancient DNA Barcoding
- 2017
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Ingår i: Genes. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4425 .- 2073-4425. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bird remains that are difficult to identify taxonomically using morphological methods, are common in the palaeontological record. Other types of challenging avian material include artefacts and food items from endangered taxa, as well as remains from aircraft strikes. We here present a DNA-based method that enables taxonomic identification of bird remains, even from material where the DNA is heavily degraded. The method is based on the amplification and sequencing of two short variable parts of the 16S region in the mitochondrial genome. To demonstrate the applicability of this approach, we evaluated the method on a set of Holocene and Late Pleistocene postcranial bird bones from several palaeontological and archaeological sites in Europe with good success.
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| 5. |
- Fahnestock, Jesse, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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RISEnergy: Roadmaps for energy innovation in Sweden through 2030
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden is a group of research and technology organisations. RISE is a leading innovation partner working global cooperation with academia, enterprise and society to create value, growth and competitiveness through research excellence and innovation.In the area of Energy, RISE has developed innovation Roadmaps covering:Energy Efficient TransportElectric Power SystemEnergy Efficient and Smart BuildingsSustainable Thermal ProcessesEfficient Energy Use in IndustryDecarbonisation of Basic IndustriesThese Roadmaps describe development pathways for technologies, non-technical elements (market design, user behaviours, policies, etc.) and key actors that deliver on a plausible, desirable vision for each respective innovation area in 2030. These Roadmaps are intended to support RISE’s strategic planning and development, but should be relevant reading for anyone interested in energy innovation in Sweden.
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| 6. |
- Håkansson, Per
(författare)
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Rate as the relation of changes in two quantities : A variation theory perspective of learning rate of change
- 2020
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis comprises three original papers about learning rate of change in school mathematics. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute with knowledge in this particular area of research. Within this aim, each of the original papers contribute with its own perspective. The theoretical framework used in the thesis is variation theory of learning (Marton & Booth, 1997; Marton, 2015), by which learning is seen as experiencing a phenomenon in a new way. This theoretical point of departure is reflected in the research question of the thesis: What is critical to discern to use and express rate as a measure of the relation of changes in two quantities? The empirical study was conducted as a learning study (Pang & Marton, 2003). A learning study is an iterative, interventional research arrangement in which teachers and researchers collaboratively explore a specific ability, the object of learning, worthwhile for the students to learn. The object of learning related to this thesis, ‘to express the quantitative rate of change of a linear relation’, was explored in a series of three research lessons at a secondary school. Data consists of students’ responses to written pre- and post-tests, and lesson videos. Some data have been analysed during the on-going empirical study and some data have been analysed after it was concluded. Principles from variation theory have been used as tools for analysis throughout the study. Main results of Paper I demonstrate how two critical aspects are identified and revised through the process of learning study. In Paper II the results indicate that qualitatively different questions in a task may affect students’ ways to relate changes in two quantities. The results of Paper III suggest how different perspectives of slope may promote homogeneity as an aspect of rate. Results also comprise six critical aspects of the object of learning, four of which was identified by revisiting the results of Paper II. In summary, the critical aspects also specify the meaning of a covariational perspective of rate. Results are discussed in relation to previous educational research about rate of change, covariation of quantities and students’ conceptions of rate and slope. Further research directions are suggested.
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| 8. |
- Kempe, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Immune profile in relation to sex steroid cyclicity in healthy women and women with multiple sclerosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0378 .- 1872-7603. ; 1:26, s. 53-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To prospectively study systemic in vivo immunological effects of sex hormones, using different phases of oral combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC), and the natural menstrual cycles in both healthy women and in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), blood samples from sixty female MS patients and healthy controls with and without CHC were drawn in high and low estrogenic/progestogenic phases. Expression of Th-associated genes in blood cells was determined by qPCR and a panel of cytokines and chemokines was measured in plasma. High hormone level phases were associated with increases in Th1 (TBX21) and Th2 (GATA3) associated markers, as well as the B cell-associated chemokine CXCL13, while the inhibitory regulator CTLA-4 was decreased. These changes were not observed in MS patients, of whom most were treated with immunomodulatory drugs. Our data indicate immune activating properties in vivo of high steroid sex hormone levels during both CHC and normal menstrual cyclicity.
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| 9. |
- Kempe, Per
(författare)
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Multiple Sclerosis in relation to sex steroid exposure
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially severe chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and is usually diagnosed between 20 and 40 years of age. The incidence of MS is two to three times higher among women and the type and course of the disease often differ between the sexes. Sex steroids, especially estrogens, have been shown to influence the immunopathology involved in MS and the mouse model experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), as well as radiological and clinical signs of the disease. The ovarian cycle and hormonal contraception result in fluctuations in sex steroid concentrations that could possibly affect MS. The incidence of MS in women is highest at an age when a reliable contraceptive method is an important matter but the effects of estrogen-containing combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) on MS have not been thoroughly studied. The general aim of the research for this thesis was to investigate how fluctuations in sex steroid exposure during the menstrual cycle and use of CHC affect MS in a clinical context.Paper I is based on female MS patients with or without hormonal contraception. Symptoms were reported prospectively in an MS-symptom diary. In contrast with results from previous retrospective studies, 16 women without hormonal contraception reported fewer complaints regarding one out of 13 symptoms during the low estrogen/progesterone phase of the menstrual cycle. Seven women who used CHC experienced three of the symptoms significantly more strongly during the low estrogen/progestogen, pill-free period. In paper II 22 women with MS who used CHC reported higher scores for four out of 10 symptoms during the “pill-free” week, i.e. during the low-estrogen/progestogen phase using a modified symptom diary. Women with MS who did not use hormonal contraception reported no differences in symptom scores between high and low estrogen/progesterone phases. Paper III included 770 women who answered a questionnaire that was designed to investigate whether longer periods of high estrogen concentration such as CHC-use and pregnancies delay the onset of MS. The mean age at MS onset was significantly higher among women who had been using COC before their first MS symptom (26 vs 19 years, p<0.001) and the longer the women had been using COC the higher the mean age at MS onset. The number of children born before the first symptom of MS was positively correlated with age at MS onset (r=0.6; p<0.001). Paper IV aimed to investigate if peripheral blood levels of cytokines, chemokines, and transcription factors for different T helper (Th) cell subsets change in relation to high and low estrogen/progestogen states in women with MS and healthy controls with and without CHC using multiplex bead technology and qPCR. Expression of the B cell-associated chemokine CXCL13 was generally higher in high the estrogen/progestogen phase than in the low estrogen/progestogen phase and the expression of the transcription factors showed a general activation of peripheral blood T cells during high estrogen and progestogen phases in women with MS as well as in healthy women.The clinical implication of these and other studies is that there is probably no reason for avoiding CHC as a contraceptive method in women with MS. It is also probably beneficial for women with MS to use CHC regimens with longer estrogen periods and fewer pill-free intervals. Future studies should investigate the outcomes of such regimens on relapse rate, MRI lesions, disease activity related cytokines and chemokines in CSF and peripheral blood and the women’s experiences of their symptoms.
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| 10. |
- Kempe, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis during use of Combined Hormonal Contraception
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Incidence and disease course of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is influenced by sex steroids and several studies have shown less disease activity during high estrogen states. We have earlier shown variation in symptom experience related to estrogen/progestogen phase in women using combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) in a small sample. The aim of this study was confirm these results in a larger sample.Design: Self-assessment of symptoms of MS in relation to CHC cycle or menstrual cycle. Sample: Twenty-three female MS patients using CHC. Control groups were female MS patients without hormonal contraception and healthy women with CHC and without hormonal contraception.Methods: All women filled out a symptom diary based on a validated instrument for cyclical symptoms.Main Outcome measures: Mean scores for high and low estrogen/progestogen phases were compared.Results: The women with MS using combined hormonal contraceptives scored all symptoms higher during the pill-free week than during the CHC-phase and the scores for vertigo, weakness, urinary symptoms and stiffness were significantly higher during the seven days without CHC (p < 0.05). No such relation was found in the group of women with MS not using any hormonal contraception. Women without MS did not report any symptoms at all.Conclusion: Women with MS report more pronounced symptoms during the lowestrogen/ progestogen phase of CHC use. Future studies should investigate, with a prospective, controlled design, which effects continuous-use regimens of CHC have in women with MS.
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