| 1. |
- Fewtrell, Mary S., et al.
(författare)
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Attrition in Long-Term Nutrition Research Studies : A Commentary by the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Early Nutrition Research Working Group
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN. - 0277-2116 .- 1536-4801. ; 62:1, s. 180-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term follow-up of randomised trials and observational studies provide the best evidence presently available to assess long-term effects of nutrition, and such studies are an important component in determining optimal infant feeding practices. Attrition is, however, an almost inevitable occurrence with increasing age at follow-up. There is a common assumption that studies with <80% follow-up rates are invalid or flawed, and this criticism seems to be more frequently applied to follow-up studies involving randomised trials than observational studies. In this article, we explore the basis and evidence for this 80% rule and discuss the need for greater consensus and clear guidelines for analysing and reporting results in this specific situation.
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| 2. |
- Field, Dawn, et al.
(författare)
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The minimum information about a genome sequence (MIGS) specification.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1696 .- 1087-0156. ; 26:5, s. 541-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the quantity of genomic data increasing at an exponential rate, it is imperative that these data be captured electronically, in a standard format. Standardization activities must proceed within the auspices of open-access and international working bodies. To tackle the issues surrounding the development of better descriptions of genomic investigations, we have formed the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC). Here, we introduce the minimum information about a genome sequence (MIGS) specification with the intent of promoting participation in its development and discussing the resources that will be required to develop improved mechanisms of metadata capture and exchange. As part of its wider goals, the GSC also supports improving the 'transparency' of the information contained in existing genomic databases.
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| 3. |
- Jusufi, Ilir, 1983-
(författare)
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Multivariate Networks : Visualization and Interaction Techniques
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As more and more data is created each day, researchers from different science domains are trying to make sense of it. A lot of this data, for example our connections to friends on different social networking websites, can be modeled as graphs, where the nodes are actors and the edges are relationships between them. Researchers analyze this data to find new forms of communication, to explore different social groups or subgroups, to detect illegal activities or to seek for different communication patterns that could help companies in their marketing campaigns. Another example are huge networks in system biology. Their visualization is crucial for the understanding of living beings. The topological structure of a network on its own could give insight into the existence or distribution of interesting actors in the network. However, this is often not enough to understand complex network systems in real-world applications. The reason for this is that all the network elements (nodes or edges) are not simple one-dimensional data. For instance in biology, experiments can be performed on biological networks. These experiments and network analysis approaches produce additional data that are often important to be analyzed with respect to the underlying network structure. Therefore, it is crucial to visualize the additional attributes of the network while preserving the network structure as much as possible. The problem is not trivial as these so-called multivariate networks could have a high number of attributes that are related to their nodes, edges, different groups, or clusters of nodes and/or edges.The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the development of different visualization and interaction techniques for the visual analysis of multivariate networks. Two research goals are defined in this thesis: first, a deeper understanding of existing approaches for visualizing multivariate networks should be acquired in order to classify them into categories and to identify disadvantages or unsolved visualization challenges. The second goal is to develop visualization and interaction techniques that will overcome various issues of these approaches.Initially, a brief survey on techniques to visualize multivariate networks is presented in this thesis. Afterwards, a small task-based user study investigating the usefulness of two main approaches for multivariate network visualization is discussed. Then, various visualization and interaction techniques for multivariate network visualization are presented. Three different software tools were implemented to demonstrate our research efforts. All features of our systems are highlighted, including a description of visualization and interaction techniques as well as disadvantages and scalability issues if present.
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| 4. |
- Kennedy, Peter G, et al.
(författare)
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Scaling up : examining the macroecology of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 21:17, s. 4151-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play major ecological roles in temperate and tropical ecosystems. Although the richness of ECM fungal communities and the factors controlling their structure have been documented at local spatial scales, how they vary at larger spatial scales remains unclear. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Tedersoo et al. (2012) present the results of a meta-analysis of ECM fungal community structure that sheds important new light on global-scale patterns. Using data from 69 study systems and 6021 fungal species, the researchers found that ECM fungal richness does not fit the classic latitudinal diversity gradient in which species richness peaks at lower latitudes. Instead, richness of ECM fungal communities has a unimodal relationship with latitude that peaks in temperate zones. Intriguingly, this conclusion suggests the mechanisms driving ECM fungal community richness may differ from those of many other organisms, including their plant hosts. Future research will be key to determine the robustness of this pattern and to examine the processes that generate and maintain global-scale gradients of ECM fungal richness.
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