| 1. |
- Guiamba, Isabel, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Retention of beta-carotene and vitamin C in dried mango osmotically pretreated with osmotic solutions containing calcium or ascorbic acid
- 2016
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Ingår i: Food and Bioproducts Processing: Transactions of the Institution of of Chemical Engineers, Part C. - : Elsevier BV. - 1744-3571 .- 0960-3085. ; 98, s. 320-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The retention of vitamin C and carotenoids was studied in the cv. 'Tommy Atkins' mango as affected by osmotic dehydration prior to hot air drying. Osmotic dehydration (OD) was carried out over 15 h at 25°C using sucrose solutions of 45°BRIX with and without 1% (w/w) calcium chloride or 1% ascorbic acid with a fruit to solution ratio of 1:10 (w/w), and the OD-treated mango samples were then dried in an air convection oven at 50°C or 70°C. An osmotic pretreatment before drying significantly reduced the drying time and prevented colour change in dried mango. Addition of calcium in the OD solution significantly improved vitamin C retention, on average from 44% to 57%. However, the addition of ascorbic acid to the osmotic solution highly increased the retention of vitamin C content in the dried mango. The retention of all-trans-β-carotene was significantly lower in all OD treated mango samples dried at 50°C but remained unchanged in OD-treated mango samples with calcium or vitamin C dried at 70°C. Moreover, osmotic dehydration with and without additives reduced the ratio of 13-cis-β-carotene to all-trans-β-carotene. The results showed that the addition of calcium or vitamin C to the osmotic solution can improve the nutritional value of dried mango.
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| 2. |
- Khan, M.A.M., et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of native fruits to alleviation of poverty and malnutrition in rural areas in Mozambique
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572. - 9789462611412 ; 1128, s. 73-78
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Mozambique, 80% of the population depend on agriculture for their livelihoods, and 64% are food insecure. Malnutrition is the major health problem in some rural areas, and this is related to micro- and macronutrient deficiency. Irregular food availability throughout the year caused by seasonality and critical events contributes to this situation. The main cause of malnutrition, particularly in women and children, is insufficient intake of foods rich in micronutrients. During the dry season, native fruits play an important and crucial role in ensuring food security and, in many cases, are becoming the only way of survival for rural families. This study examined the potential use of native fruits as an alternative source of nutrients for alleviating malnutrition in Mozambique. Two key native fruits, Strychnos spinosa and Strychnos madagascariensis, were identified, and their chemical and nutritional Ipotential determined. The results showed that both products are rich in sugar and fiber, as well as in vitamins A and C. The fat content of S. spinosa pulp (0.15%) was much lower than that of S. madagascariensis (64%). Protein content was relatively low in both products. Mineral content analysis showed that both of these fruits are highly nutritional, being rich in K, Na, Mg, and Ca, and also in the essential microelements Cu, Zn, and Fe. For these reasons, they may contribute in a significant way to alleviation of poverty and malnutrition in Mozambique.
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| 3. |
- Khan, M.A.M., et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of water and soluble solids concentration during osmotic dehydration of mango
- 2008
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Ingår i: Food and Bioproducts Processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-3085 .- 1744-3571. ; 86:1, s. 42198-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this work was to develop a mathematical model to predict the kinetics of the change in water and soluble solids fractions in mango (cv. Haden) osmotically dehydrated in a sucrose solution. A full factorial design at three levels was used, varying temperature (T) and concentration of soluble solids in the osmotic solution (SSC). The models based on the Weibull distribution were built up in two steps: (i) primary models to determine the kinetic parameters at constant T and SSC, (ii) secondary models to further include the influence of T and SSC on the parameters of the primary model. The Weibull model can successfully describe both water and sugar fractions during osmotic dehydration (R2 = 0.98 and 0.96, respectively for water and sugar models). The time constant (?) for both models followed an Arrhenius-type relationship with temperature, with the reference time constant (?ref) at the average T and increasing linearly with SSC. The shape factor (?) was constant. The prediction accuracy of the models to predict water and sugar fraction was tested by cross validation and using a third set of experimental data, showing very good results with shrinkage values below 4.6% and errors on predictions lower than 1.6%. © 2007 The Institution of Chemical Engineers.
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| 4. |
- Sabatini, F. M., et al.
(författare)
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sPlotOpen - An environmentally balanced, open-access, global dataset of vegetation plots
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivation Assessing biodiversity status and trends in plant communities is critical for understanding, quantifying and predicting the effects of global change on ecosystems. Vegetation plots record the occurrence or abundance of all plant species co-occurring within delimited local areas. This allows species absences to be inferred, information seldom provided by existing global plant datasets. Although many vegetation plots have been recorded, most are not available to the global research community. A recent initiative, called 'sPlot', compiled the first global vegetation plot database, and continues to grow and curate it. The sPlot database, however, is extremely unbalanced spatially and environmentally, and is not open-access. Here, we address both these issues by (a) resampling the vegetation plots using several environmental variables as sampling strata and (b) securing permission from data holders of 105 local-to-regional datasets to openly release data. We thus present sPlotOpen, the largest open-access dataset of vegetation plots ever released. sPlotOpen can be used to explore global diversity at the plant community level, as ground truth data in remote sensing applications, or as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring. Main types of variable contained Vegetation plots (n = 95,104) recording cover or abundance of naturally co-occurring vascular plant species within delimited areas. sPlotOpen contains three partially overlapping resampled datasets (c. 50,000 plots each), to be used as replicates in global analyses. Besides geographical location, date, plot size, biome, elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation type, naturalness, coverage of various vegetation layers, and source dataset, plot-level data also include community-weighted means and variances of 18 plant functional traits from the TRY Plant Trait Database. Spatial location and grain Global, 0.01-40,000 m(2). Time period and grain 1888-2015, recording dates. Major taxa and level of measurement 42,677 vascular plant taxa, plot-level records. Software format Three main matrices (.csv), relationally linked.
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