| 1. |
- Khatibi Esfanjani, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Blood pressure in middle-aged women: are androgens involved? A population-based study of Swedish women: the Women's Health in the Lund Area study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 25:10, s. 2044-2050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To assess the prevalence of hypertension and use of antihypertensive drug therapy in relation to menopausal status and to delineate perceived associations between androgens and blood pressure in perimenopausal women. Methods A population- based sample of women aged 50 - 59 ( nU6893). Women were divided into three groups according to their hormonal status: premenopausal, postmenopausal without hormone therapy, and postmenopausal with hormone therapy. Result In the premenopausal, postmenopausal without hormone therapy, and postmenopausal with hormone therapy groups, the prevalence of high blood pressure (>= - 140mmHg systolic or >= 90mmHg diastolic) was 43.9, 49.9 and 45.8%, respectively. In women with normal blood pressure, adjusting for age, body mass index and smoking, there were negative associations between serum testosterone and systolic blood pressure in the total sample ( P< 0.01) and the postmenopausal without hormone therapy group ( P< 0.05). In women using antihypertensive drug therapy with a blood pressure of at least 140/ 90mmHg, positive associations were found between serum testosterone and systolic blood pressure in the total series ( P< 0.05) and in the postmenopausal without hormone therapy group ( P< 0.05). Conclusion Abnormal blood pressure is common in middle- aged women regardless of hormonal status. Our findings suggest that testosterone could have a dual influence on blood pressure in perimenopausal women.
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| 2. |
- Khatibi Esfanjani, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Could androgens protect middle-aged women from cardiovascular events? A population-based study of Swedish women: The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Climacteric. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-7137 .- 1473-0804. ; 10:5, s. 386-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this analysis was to delineate perceived associations between androgens and cardiovascular events in perimenopausal women. Design A cross-sectional, population-based study of 6440 perimenopausal women aged 50-59 years, living in Southern Sweden. In all, 461 (7.1%) women were premenopausal (PM), 3328 (51.7%) postmenopausal without hormone therapy (HT) (PMO) and 2651 (41.2%) postmenopausal with HT (PMT). For further comparisons, 104 women (1.6%) who reported cardiovascular disease (CVD) were studied in detail; 49 had had a myocardial infarction, 49 a stroke and six women both events. For each woman with CVD, two matched controls were selected (n = 208). Results In the matched controlled series, androstenedione levels were lower (p < 0.005) in cases. Cases with hormone therapy had also lower testosterone levels than matched controls (p = 0.05). In the total cohort, by using multiple logistic regression analyses, testosterone was positively associated with low density lipoprotem cholesterol (p < 0.001) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p < 0.001) in all women, but negatively associated with levels of triglycerides in both the PMO (p < 0.001) and PMT (p < 0.001) groups. Androstenedione levels were positively associated with HDL-C (p < 0.05) and negatively with triglycerides (p < 0.05) in the PM group. Conclusion Women with cardiovascular disease had lower serum androgen levels, particularly women using hormone replacement therapy, even when controlled for lipids and other potential risk factors.
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| 3. |
- Khatibi Esfanjani, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Does hormone therapy increase allergic reactions and upper gastrointestinal problems?; Results from a population-based study of Swedish woman. The women's health in the Lund area (WHILA) study.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Maturitas. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4111 .- 0378-5122. ; 48:4, s. 438-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To delineate the use of various drugs particularly pertaining to allergy and upper gastrointestinal problems in relation to hormone status in middle aged women. Methods: An analysis from a population-based study on women born between 1935 and 1945 and lived in the Lund area southern Sweden. Of 10766 women, 6917 provided complete data sets; in turn 5673 were assessed for the use of medication in this study. Among the cohort, 9% of women were premenopausal (PM), 54% were postmenopausal without hormone replacement therapy (PM0) and 37% were current hormone replacement therapy users (PMT). Results: There were 7 (1.3%) women in PM, 11 (0.4%) in PMO and 21 (1.0%) in PMT group who used loratadine regularly. There was a significant difference between the PM and PMO groups and also between the PMO and PMT groups in the use of loratadine (P < 0.05). Among 21 loratadine users in PMT group 4 (19%) used transdermal patches and 17 (81%) used oral HRT. The result for omeprazole use was as follows: 4 (0.8%) of PM group, 39 (1.3%) of PMO group and 42 (2.0%) of PMT group. The use of omeprazole was significantly higher in the PMT group than in the PM (P = 0.05) and PMO group (P < 0.05). There was no relation between the use of omeprazole and smoking or alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Use of hormone replacement therapy seems to be related to a higher frequency of omeprazole and loratadine use, which implies that hormone replacement therapy, may be associated with more upper gastrointestinal symptoms as well as allergy. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Khatibi Esfanjani, Ali
(författare)
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Influences of Endogenous and Exogenous Hormones in Middle-aged Women
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Endogenous and exogenous sex hormones are of pivotal importance for women’s health. Hormone therapy has been widely studied but there is limited data about androgen and androgen replacement therapy. The aim of this study was to delineate the possible interrelations between endogenous androgens and women’s particularly pertaining to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk markers for CVD in perimenopausal women. A total of 6917 out of 10766 women aged 50-59 years living in the Lund area of southern Sweden completed a generic questionnaire and underwent physical examination and laboratory assessments. According to the hormonal status, 492 (7.1%) were classified as pre-menopausal with regular menstruation, 3600 (52.1%) were postmenopausal without hormone therapy (HT) and 2816 (40.8%) were postmenopausal women with use of HT. There were 104 women with reported cardiovascular events, each of them were matched to two controls (n=208). Use of hormone therapy and higher serum androgens were accompanied by a lower risk profile for CVD. Women with higher serum androgen (but in the normal range) had more favourable lipid profile. Hormone therapy in women with abnormal serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) seems to improve the lipid profile. Endogenous androgens seem to have a dual influence (both vasodilatatoy and vasoconstrictory) on women’s blood pressure depending on women’s health status. Women with lower androgens used more non-hormonal medication and visited health care units more often. Hormone therapy seems to be associated with allergic and upper gastrointestinal problems in postmenopausal women.
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| 5. |
- Khatibi Esfanjani, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Nonhormonal drug use and its relation to androgens in perimenopausal women: a population-based study of Swedish women. The Women's Health in the Lund Area Study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Menopause. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1530-0374 .- 1072-3714. ; 16, s. 315-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: To outline the prevalence of nonhormonal drug use in middle-aged women and to assess plausible associations between serum androgen levels and variables associated to health such as drug use and planned visits to healthcare units. METHODS:: This was a population-based study of women aged 50 to 59 years (n = 6,893). Women were divided into three groups according to their menopause status: premenopausal (PM), postmenopausal without hormone therapy (PM0), and postmenopausal with hormone therapy (PMT). Data regarding current drug use and healthcare visits were collected from a questionnaire. RESULTS:: The overall prevalence of nonhormonal drug use was 36.4% in all women. In the PM, PM0, and PMT groups, these percentages were 28.3%, 35.3%, and 39.3%, respectively, and the differences between them were statistically significant (P < 0.01). In all women, the most common medication used was for cardiovascular conditions (12.0%), followed by those for asthma (4.0%) and pain (3.7%). The number of drugs used by all women and women in the PM0 and the PMT groups were negatively associated with the serum levels of androstenedione (P < 0.05). In the postmenopausal groups, the number of visits to healthcare units was negatively associated to the levels of serum testosterone and androstenedione (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:: Hormone therapy in postmenopausal women seems to be associated with increased use of nonhormonal pharmacotherapy, rendering higher prevalence of such drugs in middle-aged women. Postmenopausal women with lower serum testosterone and a higher number of office visits used medications for cardiovascular problems and depression more than other medications. Whether this is an effect related to the hormone therapy itself or to experiencing more perimenopausal symptoms in this group of women is still unclear.
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| 6. |
- Nazeri, Kavoos, et al.
(författare)
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Colorectal cancer in middle-aged women in relation to hormonal status: A report from the Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 22:8, s. 416-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To delineate a perceived association of estradiol versus estradiol plus norethisterone hormone therapy on the prevalence of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women. Methods. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) project covers 10 766 women aged 50-60 years, living in the Lund area, Sweden. Out of this population, 6908 (64%) women completed questionnaires, underwent physical and laboratory assessments and had self-reported information regarding colorectal cancer. Four hundred and twenty-two (6%) were premenopausal (PM), 3600 (52%) were postmenopausal without hormone therapy (PM0), 2452 (36%) were postmenopausal with combined hormone therapy (PMT-HT) and 364 (5%) were postmenopausal with estrogen monotherapy (PMT-E). Results. There were 21 cases of colorectal cancer (0.3%), one in the PM group, 16 in the PM0 group, two in the PMT-HT group and another two in the PMT-E group. Colorectal cancer prevalence was lower in the PMT-HT than in the PM0 group (odds ratio (OR) = 0.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04-0.80). However, for the PMT-E group, the OR (95% CI) was 1.02 (0.86-1.20). There was a positive association between low physical activity (p = 0.04), low parity (p = 0.02) and risk of colorectal cancer. Conclusion. Combined hormone therapy seemed to be associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women in contrast to estrogen monotherapy. Hence the progestin might have a protective role.
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| 7. |
- Shakir, Yasameen, et al.
(författare)
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Health Hazards in Middle-Aged Women with Cardiovascular Disease: A Case-Control Study of Swedish Women. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) Study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1931-843X .- 1540-9996. ; 16:3, s. 406-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To delineate the health profile in middle-aged women with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) project covered all women born 1935 - 1945 ( n = 10,766) living in the Lund area; 6917 (64.2%) women completed a generic questionnaire and underwent physical and laboratory assessments. Of the 6917 women, 6416 were postmenopausal women, of whom 104 had CVD. For each woman with CVD, two controls were selected and matched for age, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density liproprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), diastolic blood pressure and hormonal status. Results: One hundred four women (1.6%) reported CVD. Forty-nine had a myocardial infarction (MI), 49 had a stroke, and 6 women had both events; 71.4% were postmenopausal, with never use of hormone therapy ( HT) ( PM0), and 28.6% were postmenopausal with ever use of HT (PMT). Compared with the control group, serum androstendione was lower ( p = 0.004) in the case group, and menopausal estradiol (E-2) values were less frequent ( p = 0.037) in cases from the PM0 group. Among psychological and somatic symptoms, nervousness ( p < 0.05), difficulty relaxing, crying easily, visual disturbance ( p <= 0.01 for all), dizziness, difficulties in voiding urine, shortness of breath, breast tenderness, "and constipation ( p <= 0.001 for all) were more common among women with CVD. Women with CVD expressed less satisfaction with feeling healthy, body image, memory loss, irritability, and sexuality ( p <= 0.05 for all). The case group had more problems with daily activities, more days spent in hospital during the previous 5 years, and more regular medical appointments with healthcare centers, more often had diabetes mellitus (DM) ( p < 0.001 for all), and had experienced more falls in the previous year ( p < 0.05). Urinary incontinence and decreased body weight were more common among cases ( p <= 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Several health hazards as well as somatic and psychological symptoms were more common in subjects with CVD, rendering them more susceptible to future disease.
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