| 1. |
- Khoshnood, Ardavan M., et al.
(author)
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Svensk diplomati biter inte på den iranska regimen
- 2024
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In: Altinget. - 2597-0127.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Swedish media, using Mossad documents, revealed that criminal networks in Sweden collaborate with Iran's regime. Justice Minister Gunnar Strömmer confirmed Iran's use of criminals for violent acts. Since 1979, Iran has destabilized regions via its intelligence and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Earlier this year, IRGC members plotted to kill Swedish Jews. The Security Police view Iran as a major threat, citing espionage and terrorism using criminal proxies and diplomatic cover. The case of Iranian agent Assadollah Assadi, sentenced in Belgium for a terror plot, highlights this. Sweden's weak response needs strengthening by cutting diplomatic ties, expelling diplomats, closing the Iranian embassy, and increasing sanctions against the regime.
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| 2. |
- Berg von Linde, Maria, et al.
(author)
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A Swedish nationwide forensic study of the manner of death in single stab injuries to the trunk
- 2024
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In: Forensic Science International. - 0379-0738. ; 354
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Forensic pathologists are frequently confronted with questions about whether an injury is likely to have been inflicted by an assault or be self-inflicted. However, little is known of the epidemiological variables that might be applicable to differentiate between homicides and suicides in deaths caused by single stab injuries to the trunk. Method Using the Swedish forensic autopsy register, we identified 94 homicides and 45 suicides between 2010 and 2021 in which death followed a single stab injury to the trunk. We extracted characteristics from the cases and performed statistical analyses using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test and logistic regression model. Results Victims of homicides were younger than suicide victims (median age 33 years vs. 52 years, p
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| 3. |
- Berg von Linde, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Forensic assessment of single stab injuries to the trunk
- 2023
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- IntroductionForensic pathologists are frequently confronted with questions about the likelihood that an injury is inflicted by an assault or is self-inflicted. However, little is known of epidemiological variables applicable to differentiate between homicides and suicides in deaths caused by single stab injuries to the trunk. MethodUsing the Swedish forensic autopsy register we identified 94 homicides and 45 suicides between 2010 and 2021 that died following a single stab injury to the trunk. We extracted characteristics from the cases and performed statistical analyses using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square test.ResultVictims of homicides were younger than suicide victims (median age 33 years vs. 52 years, p < 0.05), and males were in majority in both groups (93% vs. 82%). Some homicidal stab wounds were placed on the posterior (12%) and axillar trunk (11%) unlike the suicidal stabs which were all placed on the anterior trunk. Most stab wounds of all examinations were placed on the left side of the anterior thorax (60%). In suicides, single stab injuries to the heart were more common than in homicides (67% vs. 48%, p < 0.05). Vasculature injuries were more common in homicides (51% vs. 9%, p < 0.05).DiscussionThe epidemiological variables could be used as a tool when assessing the manner of death in single stabs. Further research on variables associated with manner of death are needed and we suggest also including surviving victims in such analyses.
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| 4. |
- Berg von Linde, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Lethal injuries in single stabs to the trunk – A study on homicides and suicides in Sweden
- 2024
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In: Injury. - 0020-1383. ; 55:8, s. 1-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionHomicides using knives or other sharp objects are the most common type of homicide in Europe, and the second most common type of homicide worldwide. In contrast, suicides using sharp objects are rarer, constituting only a few per cent of all suicides in western countries. We investigated single stab injuries to the trunk in both homicides and suicides to assess differences in extent of injuries and in medical care, which could be of value for trauma management, public health and forensic assessment.MethodsWe identified all cases in Sweden between 2010 and 2021 that died of a single stab to the trunk, in either a homicide (n = 94) or a suicide (n = 45), and that were the subject of a forensic autopsy. We obtained data on demographics, hospital care and injured structures. To assess the severity of injuries, we applied AIS (Abbreviated Injury Score) and NISS (New Injury Severity Score). The inter-rater reliability of NISS between two raters was evaluated with intra-class correlation (ICC), with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). The data was analysed using Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression models.ResultsThe inter-rater reliability between the two NISS raters showed an ICC of 0.87 (95 % CI 0.68−0.95). We observed a larger variation of injuries in suicides, with a higher proportion of both unsurvivable (NISS 75) and minor injuries (NISS ≤ 8) (66.7 % and 8.9 % respectively) compared to in homicides (46.8 % and 0 % respectively). We observed a larger proportion of injuries to the heart in suicides (68.9% vs. 46.8 %, p = 0.018). In homicides, injuries involving vessels (52.1% vs. 13.3 %, p < 0.001) and hospital care (56.4 % vs. 8.9 %, p < 0.001) were significantly more common compared to suicides.Discussion and conclusionCausation (self-inflicted or assaults) seems to be associated with characteristics of injury and the likelihood of receiving hospital care. These findings could potentially be valuable for trauma management and forensic assessment of manner of death, however, determining the mortality of the injuries would require a comparison group comprising injured survivors.
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| 5. |
- Fagher, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Safe and Healthy Para sport project (SHAPE) : a study protocol of a complex intervention within Para sport.
- 2022
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In: BMJ open sport & exercise medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647. ; 8:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Elite Para athletes report a high incidence of sports injuries, illnesses and other health issues. Despite this, there are few prevention programmes in Para sport, and many of the existing prevention programmes are not adapted to Para athletes. To improve the success of preventive measures, it has been suggested that sports safety work should facilitate health promotion, including athlete health education. Therefore, the overarching aim of this project is to evaluate an accessible health promotion web platform as part of a complex intervention that aims to improve knowledge of athlete health in Para sport. In this protocol, the development, future implementation and evaluation of the intervention are described. To inform the implementation and use of such interventions, it is recommended to involve end users in the development and implementation process. Therefore, a participatory design process, including athletes and the sports organisation, was used to develop an accessible health promotion web platform. To evaluate this complex intervention, a process evaluation combining quantitative evaluation assessing causal pathways with qualitative methods assessing multifaceted pathways will be used. The primary outcomes are injury/illness incidence, athlete health parameters, health literacy and user behaviour. A cohort of elite Para athletes (n=150) from Sweden and South Africa will be invited to participate. This project will be the first that aims to improve athlete health in Para sport through pragmatic and accessible health promotion. It is a boundary-crossing project that will be conducted in a real-world sport setting, including athletes with different socioeconomic backgrounds.
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| 6. |
- Greiwe, Teresa, et al.
(author)
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Do We Mistake Fiction for Fact? Investigating Whether the Consumption of Fictional Crime-Related Media May Help to Explain the Criminal Profiling Illusion
- 2022
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In: SAGE Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2158-2440. ; 12:2, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The disparity between the ongoing use of criminal profiling and the lack of empirical evidence for its validity is referred to as criminal profiling illusion. Associated risks for society range from misled police investigations, hindered apprehensions of the actual offender(s), and wrongful convictions to mistrust in the police. Research on potential explanations is in its infancy but assumes that people receive and adopt incorrect messages favoring the accuracy and utility of criminal profiling. One suggested mechanism through which individuals may acquire such incorrect messages is the consumption of fictional crime-related media which typically present criminal profiling as highly accurate, operationally useful, and leading to the apprehension of the offender(s). By having some relation to reality but presenting a distorted picture of criminal profiling, fictional crime-related media may blur the line between fiction and reality thereby increasing the risk for the audience to mistake fiction for fact. Adopting a cultivation approach adequate to examine media effects on one’s perception, the present study is the first to investigate whether the perception of criminal profiling may be influenced by the consumption of fictional crime-related media based on a correlation study. Although the results provide support for the assumption that misperceptions of criminal profiling are widely spread in the general population and associated with the consumption of fictional crime-related media, the found cultivation effects are small and must be interpreted cautiously. Considering that even small effects may have the potential to influence real-life decision-making, they may still be relevant and affect society at large.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Khoshnood, Ardavan M.
(author)
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Increasing rates of firearm violence in Sweden: a challenge for the emergency care
- 2022
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In: European Journal of Emergency Medicine. - 0969-9546. ; 29:2, s. 95-96
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sweden is often associated with democracy, freedom and a generous social welfare system. The backside is though unknown for many. The last decade, Sweden has witnessed a significant increase in firearm-related violence, why also an increase in the rate of deadly violence has been seen.
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| 9. |
- Khoshnood, Ardavan M., et al.
(author)
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Oncologic Emergencies: : Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Initial Management
- 2023
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In: Cancer Research : An Interdisciplinary Approach - An Interdisciplinary Approach. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2731-457X .- 2731-4561. ; 1, s. 389-416
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The rate of cancer patients will continue to increase in the coming decades. Additionally, new treatments will continue to emerge. The increased survival rates and the anti-tumour medications used will without doubt contribute to an increased rate of patients with oncological emergencies. Patients with oncologic emergencies will foremost seek care at an emergency department, but physicians at other clinics should also be familiar with the initial management of these patients. The initial management of any critically ill and instable patient, including those presenting with an oncologic emergency, should be based on the O-ABCDE approach and aimed at countering established or potentially life-threatening conditions. Oncologic emergencies can be divided into several different categories. This chapter focuses on five different oncologic emergency categories: metabolic, haematological, cardiovascular, neurologic, as well as treatment related. While all critically ill patients with an oncologic emergency must be attended to based on the O-ABCDE approach; it is of vital importance for the treating physician to also treat the patients symptomatically and at the same time rule in or rule out other differential diagnosis.
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