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- Gaur, Ashish, et al.
(författare)
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A novel approach for industrial concrete defect identification based on image processing and deep convolutional neural networks
- 2023
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Ingår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials. - : Elsevier. - 2214-5095. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The preservation of structural integrity and durability is essential for the long-term viability of civil infrastructure projects. Addressing concrete defects promptly is crucial to achieving this objective. In this research, the research proposes a novel method for concrete defect analysis, harnessing the potential of image processing and deep learning techniques. It employs a fusion-based deep convolutional neural network (CNN), amalgamating the features of Inception V3, VGG16, and AlexNet architectures to identify and classify six distinct concrete defect characteristics, namely Cracks, Crazing, Efflorescence, Pop-out, Scaling, and Surface Cracks. Through rigorous training and validation, we thoroughly assess the performance of the proposed fusion-based CNN model. The testing phase reveals precision rates, with Crazing showing the lowest precision at 95%, and Cracks/Pop-outs achieving 98%, while other defect classifications exhibit exceptional 100% precision rates. The overall efficacy of our proposed model is evaluated using accuracy and F1-score metrics. Our findings demonstrate an impressive overall accuracy of 98.31% and an F1-score of 0.98, affirming the robustness and reliability of our approach. The outcomes of this study signify a significant advancement toward accurate and automated detection and classification of concrete defects.
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- Marichelvam, M.K., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation on mechanical properties of novel natural fiber-epoxy resin hybrid composites for engineering structural applications
- 2023
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Ingår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials. - : Elsevier. - 2214-5095. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymers and fibers are the main components of cementitious composite materials to reinforce concrete. The synthetic fibers used in concrete composites typically weigh and also, and they are easily subjected to thermal degradation. To tackle the above issues, researchers developed various natural fiber-based composites. In the paper, the mechanical characteristics of hybrid composites were examined. The hybrid composites were developed using Madar, Gongura, and Hibiscus cannabinus fibers. The polyester resin was the matrix. The fibers were treated chemically using a 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The fibers were then carefully cleaned with distilled water twice and baked for 70 min at 60 °C. For the evaluation of the tensile, flexural, and impact properties of the hybrid composites, specimens were made in accordance with ASTM standards. The treated composite sample (S3) specimen exhibits a tensile strength (TS) of approximately 34.720 N/mm2, flexural strength (FS) of 77.957 MPa, and flexural modulus (FM) of 1548.588 GPa. The average water absorption of the sample is only 2.45%. The hardness and impact strength (IS) of the samples are also superior to those of several other composites studied in the literature. Hence, the proposed hybrid composites could be a potential material for reinforcing the concrete composites to provide a higher service rate and greater durability to the structures.
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- Ragunathrao, Vijay Avin Balaji, et al.
(författare)
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Activity Promotes Tumor Growth by Amplifying VEGF-VEGFR2 Angiogenic Signaling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : CELL PRESS. - 2211-1247. ; 29:11, s. 3472-3487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-VEGFR2 pathway drives tumor vascularization by activating proangiogenic signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we show that EC-sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) amplifies VEGFR2-mediated angiogenic signaling to enhance tumor growth. We show that cancer cells induce S1 PR1 activity in ECs, and thereby, conditional deletion of Si PR1 in ECs (EC-Slpr1(-/-) mice) impairs tumor vascularization and growth. Mechanistically, we show that S1 PR1 engages the heterotrimeric G-protein Gi, which amplifies VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling due to an increase in the activity of the tyrosine kinase c-Abl1. c-Abl1, by phosphorylating VEGFR2 at tyrosine-951, prolongs VEGFR2 retention on the plasmalemma to sustain Rac1 activity and EC migration. Thus, S1 PR1 or VEGFR2 antagonists, alone or in combination, reverse the tumor growth in control mice to the level seen in EC-Slpr1(-/-) mice. Our findings suggest that blocking S1 PR1 activity in ECs has the potential to suppress tumor growth by preventing amplification of VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling.
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- Reddy, B. K. Kishore, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pantothenate Kinase Vulnerability through Target Knockdown and Mechanistically Diverse Inhibitors
- 2014
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Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 58:6, s. 3312-3326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pantothenate kinase (PanK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of pantothenate, the first committed and rate-limiting step toward coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis. In our earlier reports, we had established that the type I isoform encoded by the coaA gene is an essential pantothenate kinase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and this vital information was then exploited to screen large libraries for identification of mechanistically different classes of PanK inhibitors. The present report summarizes the synthesis and expansion efforts to understand the structure-activity relationships leading to the optimization of enzyme inhibition along with antimycobacterial activity. Additionally, we report the progression of two distinct classes of inhibitors, the triazoles, which are ATP competitors, and the biaryl acetic acids, with a mixed mode of inhibition. Cocrystallization studies provided evidence of these inhibitors binding to the enzyme. This was further substantiated with the biaryl acids having MIC against the wild-type M. tuberculosis strain and the subsequent establishment of a target link with an upshift in MIC in a strain overexpressing PanK. On the other hand, the ATP competitors had cellular activity only in a M. tuberculosis knockdown strain with reduced PanK expression levels. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo survival kinetic studies performed with a M. tuberculosis PanK (MtPanK) knockdown strain indicated that the target levels have to be significantly reduced to bring in growth inhibition. The dual approaches employed here thus established the poor vulnerability of PanK in M. tuberculosis.
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- Vavilapalli, Durga Sankar, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance of KBiFe2O5/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physica. B, Condensed matter. - : ELSEVIER. - 0921-4526 .- 1873-2135. ; 648
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we report the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/brownmillerite KBiFe2O5 (KBFO) based het-erojunction photocatalyst. The heterojunction composite revealed rod shaped KBFO embedded on the surface of g-C3N4. The distinct phases of individual compounds are revealed through X-ray diffraction. An effective reduction in bandgap energy of KBFO/g-C3N4 (KCN) composite in comparison to pristine g-C3N4 confirmed the formation of heterojunction. Photocatalytic performance of as developed heterostructures is tested and compared by degrading common organic effluent methylene blue (MB). 25 wt% of g-C3N4 content in KBFO sample shows a remarkable improvement (92% degradation efficiency) over pure KBFO (77%) and g-C3N4 (54%). The electrode composed of 25 wt% g-C3N4 content in KBFO also reveals significant photoelectrochemical response (0.3 mA/ cm2) over KBFO (1.5 mu A/cm2). The improvement was attributed to an effective electron-hole separation in the heterojunction. These stable and reusable KBFO/g-C3N4 heterostructures hold promising future materials for energy and environmental applications.
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