| 1. |
- Dierikx, Cindy, et al.
(författare)
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A European multicenter evaluation study to investigate the performance on commercially available selective agar plates for the detection of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Microbiological Methods. - : Elsevier. - 0167-7012 .- 1872-8359. ; 193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) advised to prioritize monitoring carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in food producing animals. Therefore, this study evaluated the performance of different commercially available selective agars for the detection of CPE using spiked pig caecal and turkey meat samples and the proposed EFSA cultivation protocol. Eleven laboratories from nine countries received eight samples (four caecal and four meat samples). For each matrix, three samples contained approximately 100 CFU/g CPE, and one sample lacked CPE. After overnight enrichment in buffered peptone water, broths were spread upon Brilliance™ CRE Agar (1), CHROMID® CARBA (2), CHROMagar™ mSuperCARBA™ (3), Chromatic™ CRE (4), CHROMID® OXA-48 (5) and Chromatic™ OXA-48 (6). From plates with suspected growth, one to three colonies were selected for species identification, confirmation of carbapenem resistance and detection of carbapenemase encoding genes, by methods available at participating laboratories. Of the eleven participating laboratories, seven reported species identification, susceptibility tests and genotyping on isolates from all selective agar plates. Agars 2, 4 and 5 performed best, with 100% sensitivity. For agar 3, a sensitivity of 96% was recorded, while agar 1 and 6 performed with 75% and 43% sensitivity, respectively. More background flora was noticed for turkey meat samples than pig caecal samples. Based on this limited set of samples, most commercially available agars performed adequately. The results indicate, however, that OXA-48-like and non-OXA-48-like producers perform very differently, and one should consider which CPE strains are of interest to culture when choosing agar type.
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| 2. |
- Hendriksen, Rene S., et al.
(författare)
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Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to global public health, but obtaining representative data on AMR for healthy human populations is difficult. Here, we use metagenomic analysis of untreated sewage to characterize the bacterial resistome from 79 sites in 60 countries. We find systematic differences in abundance and diversity of AMR genes between Europe/North-America/Oceania and Africa/Asia/South-America. Antimicrobial use data and bacterial taxonomy only explains a minor part of the AMR variation that we observe. We find no evidence for cross-selection between antimicrobial classes, or for effect of air travel between sites. However, AMR gene abundance strongly correlates with socio-economic, health and environmental factors, which we use to predict AMR gene abundances in all countries in the world. Our findings suggest that global AMR gene diversity and abundance vary by region, and that improving sanitation and health could potentially limit the global burden of AMR. We propose metagenomic analysis of sewage as an ethically acceptable and economically feasible approach for continuous global surveillance and prediction of AMR.
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| 3. |
- Perrin-Guyomard, Agnès, et al.
(författare)
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Multicentre evaluation of a selective isolation protocol for detection of mcr-positive E. coli and Salmonella spp. in food-producing animals and meat
- 2022
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Ingår i: Letters in Applied Microbiology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0266-8254 .- 1472-765X. ; 75:2, s. 224-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a screening protocol to detect and isolate mcr-positive Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from animal caecal content and meat samples. We used a multicentre approach involving 12 laboratories from nine European countries. All participants applied the same methodology combining a multiplex PCR performed on DNA extracted from a pre-enrichment step, followed by a selective culture step on three commercially available chromogenic agar plates. The test panel was composed of two negative samples and four samples artificially contaminated with E. coli and Salmonella spp. respectively harbouring mcr-1 or mcr-3 and mcr-4 or mcr-5 genes. PCR screening resulted in a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 83%. Sensitivity of each agar medium to detect mcr-positive colistin-resistant E. coli or Salmonella spp. strains was 86% for CHROMID® Colistin R, 75% for CHROMagarTM COL-APSE and 70% for COLISTIGRAM. This combined method was effective to detect and isolate most of the E. coli or Salmonella spp. strains harbouring different mcr genes from food-producing animals and food products and might thus be used as a harmonized protocol for the screening of mcr genes in food-producing animals and food products in Europe.
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| 4. |
- Tast Lahti, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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One Health surveillance : A cross-sectoral detection, characterization, and notification of foodborne pathogens
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionSeveral Proficiency Test (PT) or External Quality Assessment (EQA) schemes are currently available for assessing the ability of laboratories to detect and characterize enteropathogenic bacteria, but they are usually targeting one sector, covering either public health, food safety or animal health. In addition to sector-specific PTs/EQAs for detection, cross-sectoral panels would be useful for assessment of the capacity to detect and characterize foodborne pathogens in a One Health (OH) perspective and further improving food safety and interpretation of cross-sectoral surveillance data. The aims of the study were to assess the cross-sectoral capability of European public health, animal health and food safety laboratories to detect, characterize and notify findings of the foodborne pathogens Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica, and to develop recommendations for future cross-sectoral PTs and EQAs within OH. The PT/EQA scheme developed within this study consisted of a test panel of five samples, designed to represent a theoretical outbreak scenario. MethodsA total of 15 laboratories from animal health, public health and food safety sectors were enrolled in eight countries: Denmark, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The laboratories analyzed the samples according to the methods used in the laboratory and reported the target organisms at species level, and if applicable, serovar for Salmonella and bioserotype for Yersinia. ResultsAll 15 laboratories analyzed the samples for Salmonella, 13 for Campylobacter and 11 for Yersinia. Analytical errors were predominately false negative results. One sample (S. Stockholm and Y. enterocolitica O:3/BT4) with lower concentrations of target organisms was especially challenging, resulting in six out of seven false negative results. These findings were associated with laboratories using smaller sample sizes and not using enrichment methods. Detection of Salmonella was most commonly mandatory to notify within the three sectors in the eight countries participating in the pilot whereas findings of Campylobacter and Y. enterocolitica were notifiable from human samples, but less commonly from animal and food samples. DiscussionThe results of the pilot PT/EQA conducted in this study confirmed the possibility to apply a cross-sectoral approach for assessment of the joint OH capacity to detect and characterize foodborne pathogens.
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