| 1. |
- Andersson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Natur på skolgården för lärande, hälsa och hållbarhet
- 2024. - 2024
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Gröna och artrika utemiljöer främjar barns och ungas välbefinnande och kunskap, bådegenom hälsofördelar kopplade till biologisk mångfald och genom att skapa förutsättningarför lek och lärande om natur och miljöfrågor. Skolgården skulle kunna bidra till allt detta,men är idag i hög grad en outnyttjad plats för biologisk mångfald och klimatanpassningav städer. I denna policy brief presenteras huvudsakliga motiv och möjliga åtgärder för attutveckla gröna miljöer och biologisk mångfald på skolgårdar och förskolegårdar.
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| 2. |
- Kjellberg, Sanna, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired function in the lung periphery following COVID-19 is associated with lingering breathing difficulties
- 2024
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Ingår i: PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS. - 2051-817X. ; 12:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lingering breathing difficulties are common after COVID-19. However, the underlying causes remains unclear, with spirometry often being normal. We hypothesized that small airway dysfunction (SAD) can partly explain these symptoms. We examined 48 individuals (32 women, 4 hospitalized in the acute phase) who experienced dyspnea and/or cough in the acute phase and/or aftermath of COVID-19, and 22 non-COVID-19 controls. Time since acute infection was, median (range), 65 (10-131) weeks. We assessed SAD using multiple breath washout (MBW) and impulse oscillometry (IOS) and included spirometry and diffusing-capacity test (DLCO). One-minute-sit-to-stand test estimated physical function, and breathing difficulties were defined as answering "yes" to the question "do you experience lingering breathing difficulties?" Spirometry, DLCO, and IOS were normal in almost all cases (spirometry: 90%, DLCO: 98%, IOS: 88%), while MBW identified ventilation inhomogeneity in 50%. Breathing difficulties (n = 21) was associated with increased MBW-derived Sacin. However, physical function did not correlate with SAD. Among individuals with breathing difficulties, 25% had reduced physical function, 25% had SAD, 35% had both, and 15% had normal lung function and physical function. Despite spirometry and DLCO being normal in almost all post-COVID-19 individuals, SAD was present in a high proportion and was associated with lingering breathing difficulties.
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| 3. |
- Kjellberg, Sanna, et al.
(författare)
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Utility of single versus multiple breath washout in adult asthma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961. ; 38:6, s. 936-943
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrogen multiple breath washout (N-2 MBW) is a sensitive method to identify peripheral airway involvement in asthma, but is a time-consuming test. The N-2 vital capacity single breath (VC SBW) test offers greater time efficiency, but concordance with N-2 MBW is poorly understood. The prevalence of peripheral airway abnormality was determined by N-2 MBW and N-2 SBW tests in 194 asthmatic subjects aged 18-1years. N-2 MBW data were related to findings in 400 healthy controls, aged 17-71years, while N-2 SBW data were compared to findings in 224 healthy controls, aged 15-65years, to derive equipment-specific reference values. Amongst asthmatic subjects, relationships between N-2 SBW and N-2 MBW outcomes were studied. N-2 SBW relationship with clinical history, spirometry, blood eosinophils and fraction exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) data was also explored. The prevalence of peripheral airway involvement (i.e. abnormal ventilation distribution) determined by N-2 SBW-derived phase III slope (N-2 S-III) was 247%, compared to 44% determined by N-2 MBW-derived lung clearance index (LCI) (P<0001). Predictors of abnormal N-2 S-III were older age, smoking history and lower FEV1. N-2 SBW offers lower sensitivity than N-2 MBW to detect small airway dysfunction in adult asthma, but may be a marker of more severe disease.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Moradi, Faraidoun, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory function after 30+years following sulfur mustard exposure in survivors in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE. - 2296-858X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Sulfur mustard (SM) exposure causes acute and chronic respiratory diseases. The extent of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in individuals exposed to SM is unclear. This study evaluated and compared SAD in SM-exposed and SM-unexposed participants using noninvasive lung function tests assessing small airway function.Methods This retrospective cohort study involved SM-exposed (n = 15, mean age: 53 +/- 8 years) and SM-unexposed (n = 15, mean age: 53 +/- 7 years) Kurdish-Swedish individuals in Sweden. Small airway resistance and reactance were assessed using impulse oscillometry (IOS). Nitrogen (N2) multiple breath washout (MBW) was employed to assess lung ventilation heterogeneity. The gas-exchanging capacity of the lungs was assessed using the diffusing capacity of the lungs for the carbon monoxide (DLCO) test. Lung function outcomes were reported as absolute values and z-scores. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results No statistically significant differences in age, height, or body mass index were observed between the two groups. IOS showed significantly increased small airway resistance, while N2MBW exhibited significantly increased global and acinar ventilation heterogeneity in SM-exposed individuals compared to that in unexposed individuals. SAD was identified in 14 of 15 SM-exposed individuals, defined as at least one abnormal IOS difference between resistance at 5 and 20 Hz (R5-R20) and/or area of reactance (AX) or N2MBW lung's acinar zone (Sacin), and DLCO adjusted to the alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) outcome. Of these 14 individuals, only 5 demonstrated concordant findings across the IOS and N2MBW tests.Conclusion Exposure to SM was positively associated with long-term impairment of respiratory tract function in the small airways in the majority of the previously SM-exposed individuals in the present study. Furthermore, both IOS and N2MBW should be employed to detect SAD in SM-exposed survivors as they provide complementary information. Identifying and characterizing the remaining pathology of the small airways in survivors of SM exposure is a first step toward improved treatment and follow-up.
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| 6. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-
(författare)
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Documenting Videogame Communities : A Study of Community Production of Information in Social-Media Environments and its Implications for Videogame Preservation
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Drawing on the disciplines of library and information studies and archival studies, this study seeks to explore the production of information in online videogame communities and to elucidate how such insights can offer practical and conceptual support to the knotty issue of how to preserve those sociocultural aspects of videogames that exist 'beyond' the code and audiovisual data resources of the videogame itself. This is accomplished in two principal moves: (i) by delving into the current state of socioculturally-focused videogame preservation and; (ii) by inquiring into the production of information carried out by videogame communities in what arguably is one of their most important interfaces of interaction—discussion forums, wikis, and other social-media services. The study is based on four papers (I–IV). Paper I develops the theoretical framework of the study on the basis of practice theory and document theory. Papers II and III report on field-studies of videogame-community information production in the context of two processes of importance in community social life: memory-making (II) and knowledge production (III). Paper IV offers a qualitative systematic review of videogame-archiving literature, allowing Papers I–III to be situated in an archival context. The study employs multiple methods and encompasses several empirical sites of inquiry and was inspired by the framework of exploratory research and of 'bricolage' research strategies.The results of the study add to the present state of knowledge on how information in the social-media environments of the large and influential present-day videogaming domain emerges as a result of community practices of production, and how videogame-community social life is entangled with information production in such spaces. The study also furthers archival inquiry on the topic of videogame preservation by providing a description and analysis of what information objects videogame-related social media plausibly hold, and by what communal practices and processes they have been brought into existence. Furthermore, the study examines the consequences of collecting community-produced social media and framing it as documentation of the sociocultural aspects of videogames—a key issue in videogames preservation.
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