| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Leenhardt, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Key research questions for implementation of artificial intelligence in capsule endoscopy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1756-283X .- 1756-2848. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly infiltrating multiple areas in medicine, with gastrointestinal endoscopy paving the way in both research and clinical applications. Multiple challenges associated with the incorporation of AI in endoscopy are being addressed in recent consensus documents. Objectives: In the current paper, we aimed to map future challenges and areas of research for the incorporation of AI in capsule endoscopy (CE) practice. Design: Modified three-round Delphi consensus online survey. Methods: The study design was based on a modified three-round Delphi consensus online survey distributed to a group of CE and AI experts. Round one aimed to map out key research statements and challenges for the implementation of AI in CE. All queries addressing the same questions were merged into a single issue. The second round aimed to rank all generated questions during round one and to identify the top-ranked statements with the highest total score. Finally, the third round aimed to redistribute and rescore the top-ranked statements. Results: Twenty-one (16 gastroenterologists and 5 data scientists) experts participated in the survey. In the first round, 48 statements divided into seven themes were generated. After scoring all statements and rescoring the top 12, the question of AI use for identification and grading of small bowel pathologies was scored the highest (mean score 9.15), correlation of AI and human expert reading-second (9.05), and real-life feasibility-third (9.0). Conclusion: In summary, our current study points out a roadmap for future challenges and research areas on our way to fully incorporating AI in CE reading.
|
|
| 3. |
- Wiklund, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparative study in Stockholm, Sweden of labour outcome and women's perceptions of being referred in labour
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 18:3, s. 193-199
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to study the outcome of labour and women's perceptions of being referred after onset of labour. Design: a comparative study carried out between October 1998 and April 1999. Setting: prospective parents in Stockholm, Sweden are offered a choice of which of the five hospitals in which they want to give birth. In reality, there is a lack of maternity beds in Stockholm to implement this policy and therefore nearly 10% of labouring women are being referred during labour. Participants: the study population was selected from one of the five hospitals. Included in the study were 266 labouring women, with a 37-42 weeks uncomplicated pregnancy, fetus presenting by the vertex and spontaneous onset of labour. During pregnancy, all the women had chosen the same labour ward where they planned to deliver. However, at the onset of labour half of the women, case group I (n = 133) were referred to another maternity unit due to lack of space in the labour ward. For every referred woman a control woman matched for age, parity and date of delivery was selected, with the same inclusion criteria, except being referred, control group II (n = 133). Methods: a questionnaire with closed and open questions was posted to the women after birth and used to collect quantitative and qualitative data on the outcome of labour and the women's perceptions of referral during labour. Findings: routines such as epidural analgesia (EDA) (p < 0.002), episiotomies (p < 0.015) and morphine/pethidine during labour (p < 0.023) were more common in the referred group. The women in the referred group considered to a higher extent that referral during labour had affected their emotional state (p < 0.001). Women in both groups had been worried during pregnancy by the thought of having to be referred when labour had started and the referral had caused practical problems, stress and a feeling of not being welcome in the referral labour ward. Key conclusion and implications for practice: referral during established normal labour may affect labour outcome, and the possibility that they may be referred worries women during pregnancy. Maternity policies and practices should be organised so that caring goals, such as continuity of care and women's' participation in birth planning, can be met. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Fredriksson Möller, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Azep gas turbine combined cycle power plants thermo-economic analysis
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of Ecos 2005, Vols 1-3 - Shaping our future energy systems. ; , s. 819-826
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional power plants based on fossil fuel without CO2 capture produce flue gas streams with concentrations Of CO2 between 3% and 15%, contributing to the threat of increasing global warming. Existing capture technologies such as post-combustion flue gas treatment using chemical absorption or pre-combustion carbon removal suffer from significant efficiency penalties as well as major increase in investment costs. Alternatively, combustion in O-2/CO2 atmospheres also requires expensive and energy-consuming oxygen supplies. A less energy intensive concept for oxygen production is a Mixed Conducting Membrane (MCM) reactor which produces pure oxygen from compressed air. The MCM reactor is best integrated into a conventional gas turbine combined cycle, called Advanced Zero Emissions Plant (AZEP), to provide an efficient and cost-effective power plant altogether. In this paper the economic performance of four different combined cycle alternatives in two different gas turbine sizes are evaluated; a 50 MWe size based on the Siemens SGT800 gas turbine and a 400 MWe size based on the Siemens SGT5-4000F gas turbine. ne evaluated combined cycles are one conventional combined cycle, one combined cycle with post-combustion CO2 capture and two optimised AZEP cases from a previous thermodynamic study. One AZEP alternative provides 100% CO2 capture and is thus a true zero emissions alternative, whereas the second alternative uses a sequential combustion system which enables 85% of the CO2 to be captured, making a comparison with traditional post-combustion treatment easier. The results show that the AZEP concept presents a more competitive system in terms of efficiency and economy compared to traditional capture systems.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Jarnbert, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative study of cervical laminar tents prior to extra-amniotic injection of ethacridine lactate (Rivanol) and a condom-nelathon catheter method for second-trimester pregnancy interruption in Vietnam
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Gynecologic and obstetric investigation. - : S. Karger AG. - 0378-7346 .- 1423-002X. ; 48:2, s. 113-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objective:</i> To determine whether the regimen for termination of second-trimester pregnancies using laminaria tents 12–24 h prior to extra-amniotic ethacridine lactate (Rivanol) instillation, is more effective in shortening the insertion-expulsion interval than the presently used method of abortion induction by a condom/Nelathon catheter. <i>Design:</i> A prospective randomised comparative study was performed at Uong Bi General Hospital in Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, on 91 women undergoing pregnancy termination in the second trimester. <i>Interventions:</i> The subjects were randomly allocated to 2 treatment groups, receiving either the Nelathon catheter-condom method (n = 50) or by insertion of a laminaria tent into the cervical canal for preinduction, 13–29 h before extra-amniotic instillation of ethacridine lactate (n = 34). Seven subjects were not pretreated with the laminaria tent. <i>Main Outcome Measures:</i> The insertion-expulsion intervals and the incidence of side effects were assessed. <i>Results:</i> The mean insertion-expulsion interval in the 2 groups was not significantly different (mean 27.5 ± 16.1 and 26.4 ± 16.4 h, respectively), calculating the insertion-expulsion interval from the start of active treatment, i.e. from the instillation of Rivanol or insertion of the Nelathon catheter and condom, until expulsion of the fetus. <i>Conclusions:</i> The laminaria-Rivanol method for pregnancy interruption is not more advantageous than the existing Nelathon catheter-condom method. Simple, successful and cost-effective methods in achieving second-trimester abortion in the Vietnamese context have therefore to be identified and tested.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ledenius, Kerstin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation Of Image-Enhanced Paediatric Computed Tomography Brain Examinations
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1742-3406 .- 0144-8420. ; 139:1-3, s. 287-292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of reducing the radiation dose to paediatric patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) brain examination by using image-enhancing software. Artificial noise was added to the raw data collected from 20 patients aged between 1 and 10 y to simulate tube current reductions of 20, 40 and 60 mA. All images were created in duplicate; one set of images remained unprocessed whereas the other was processed with image-enhancing software. Three paediatric radiologists assessed the image quality based on their ability to visualise the high- and low-contrast structures and their overall impression of the diagnostic value of the image. For patients aged 6-10 y, it was found that dose reductions from 27 mGy (CTDI(vol)) to 23 mGy (15 %) in the upper brain and from 32 to 28 mGy (13 %) in the lower brain were possible for standard diagnostic CT examinations when using the image-enhancing filter. For patients 1-5 y, the results for standard diagnostics in the upper brain were inconclusive, for the lower brain no dose reductions were found possible.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
