| 1. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Winkler, TW, et al.
(författare)
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Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals
- 2022
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 5:1, s. 580-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.
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| 4. |
- Stolk, Lisette, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:3, s. 260-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To newly identify loci for age at natural menopause, we carried out a meta-analysis of 22 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 38,968 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,435 women. In addition to four known loci, we identified 13 loci newly associated with age at natural menopause (at P < 5 × 10(-8)). Candidate genes located at these newly associated loci include genes implicated in DNA repair (EXO1, HELQ, UIMC1, FAM175A, FANCI, TLK1, POLG and PRIM1) and immune function (IL11, NLRP11 and PRRC2A (also known as BAT2)). Gene-set enrichment pathway analyses using the full GWAS data set identified exoDNase, NF-κB signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction as biological processes related to timing of menopause.
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| 5. |
- Antel, C., et al.
(författare)
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Feebly-interacting particles : FIPs 2022 Workshop Report
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 83:12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent fine-tuning of the electro-weak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves new physics at mass scales comparable to familiar matter, below the GeV-scale, or even radically below, down to sub-eV scales, and with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and indeed, existing data provide numerous hints for such possibility. A vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is under way, guided by a systematic theoretical approach firmly grounded on the underlying principles of the Standard Model. This document represents the report of the FIPs 2022 workshop, held at CERN between the 17 and 21 October 2022 and aims to give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Elmegreen, B.G., et al.
(författare)
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Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Interacting Galaxies NGC 2207 and IC 2163
- 2000
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-3881 .- 0004-6256. ; 120:2, s. 630-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images of the galaxies NGC 2207 and IC 2163 show star formation and dust structures in a system that has experienced a recent grazing encounter. Tidal forces from NGC 2207 compressed and elongated the disk of IC 2163, forming an oval ridge of star formation along a caustic where the perturbed gas rebounded after its inward excursion. Gas flowing away from this ridge has a peculiar structure characterized by thin parallel dust filaments transverse to the direction of motion. The filaments become thicker and longer as the gas approaches the tidal arm. Star formation that occurs in the filaments consistently lags behind, as if the exponential disk pressure gradient pushes outward on the gas but not on the young stars. Numerical models suggest that the filaments come from flocculent spiral arms that were present before the interaction. The arms stretch out into parallel filaments as the tidal tail forms. A dust lane at the outer edge of the tidal tail is a shock front where the flow abruptly changes direction. Gas at small-to-intermediate radii along this edge flows back toward the galaxy, while elsewhere in the tidal arm, the gas flows outward.A spiral arm of NGC 2207 that is backlit by IC 2163 is seen with HST to contain several parallel, knotty filaments spanning the full width of the arm. These filaments are probably shock fronts in a density wave. The parallel structure suggests that the shocks occur in several places throughout the arm, or that the interarm gas is composed of spiral-like wisps that merge together in the arms. Blue clusters of star formation inside the clumps of these dust lanes show density-wave triggering in unprecedented detail. The star formation process seems to be one of local gravitational collapse, rather than cloud collisions. Spiral arms inside the oval of IC 2163 have a familiar geometry reminiscent of a bar, although there is no obvious stellar bar. The shape and orientation of these arms suggest they could be the result of inner Lindblad resonance–related orbits in the cos 2θ tidal potential that formed the oval. Their presence suggests that tidal forces alone may initiate a temporary nuclear gas flow and eventual starburst without first forming a stellar bar. Several emission structures resembling jets or conical flows that are 100–1000 pc long appear in these galaxies. In the western arm of NGC 2207, there is a dense dark cloud with a conical shape 400 pc long and a bright compact cluster at the tip, and there is a conical emission nebula of the same length that points away from the cluster in the other direction. This region also coincides with a nonthermal radio continuum source that is ~1000 times the luminosity of Cas A at λ = 20 cm. Surrounding clusters in arclike patterns may have been triggered by enormous explosions.
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| 8. |
- Verhaaren, C. B., et al.
(författare)
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Searches for Long-Lived Particles at the Future FCC-ee
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-424X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electron-positron stage of the Future Circular Collider, FCC-ee, is a frontier factory for Higgs, top, electroweak, and flavour physics. It is designed to operate in a 100 km circular tunnel built at CERN, and will serve as the first step towards ≥100 TeV proton-proton collisions. In addition to an essential and unique Higgs program, it offers powerful opportunities to discover direct or indirect evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. Direct searches for long-lived particles at FCC-ee could be particularly fertile in the high-luminosity Z run, where 5 × 1012 Z bosons are anticipated to be produced for the configuration with two interaction points. The high statistics of Higgs bosons, W bosons and top quarks in very clean experimental conditions could offer additional opportunities at other collision energies. Three physics cases producing long-lived signatures at FCC-ee are highlighted and studied in this paper: heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), axion-like particles (ALPs), and exotic decays of the Higgs boson. These searches motivate out-of-the-box optimization of experimental conditions and analysis techniques, which could lead to improvements in other physics searches.
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| 9. |
- Elmegreen, B.G., et al.
(författare)
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Dust Spirals and Acoustic Noise in the Nucleus of the Galaxy NGC 2207
- 1998
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 503:2, s. L119-L122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope reveal an irregular network of dust spiral arms in the nuclear region of the interacting disk galaxy NGC 2207. The spirals extend from ~50 to ~300 pc in galactocentric radius, with a projected width of ~20 pc. Radiative transfer calculations determine the gas properties of the spirals and the inner disk and imply a factor of ~4 local gas compression in the spirals. The gas is not strongly self-gravitating, nor is there a nuclear bar, so the spirals could not have formed by the usual mechanisms applied to main galaxy disks. Instead, they may result from acoustic instabilities that amplify at small galactic radii. Such instabilities may promote gas accretion into the nucleus.
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| 10. |
- Elmegreen, D.M., et al.
(författare)
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Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Dust and Star-forming Regions in the Ocular Galaxy IC 2163 and Its Spiral Companion NGC 2207
- 2001
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-3881 .- 0004-6256. ; 121:1, s. 182-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hubble Space Telescope observations in U, B, V, and I passbands of the interacting spiral galaxies IC 2163 and NGC 2207 are used to measure extinctions in the cloud and intercloud regions and ages and luminosities of the star-forming regions. The extinction in the part of NGC 2207 seen in projection against IC 2163 was determined by using the method of White & Keel. The extinctions there and elsewhere were also determined from radiative transfer models of the magnitude differences between clouds and their surroundings. The intercloud extinction in V band ranges from 0.5 to 1 mag on the line of sight, and the cloud extinction ranges from 1 to 2 mag. The measured star-forming regions in these galaxies have a power-law relation between size and luminosity and a power-law luminosity distribution function. These power laws are consistent with a fractal dimension for the star formation that is the same as that for interstellar gas, D ~ 2.2, extending over scales ranging from 20 to 1000 pc. Fifteen compact massive star clusters that are analogous to super–star clusters found in starburst regions are in the spiral arms of NGC 2207. Nothing is peculiar about these regions except for a high H I velocity dispersion (~50 km s-1). Two more super–star clusters are in the tidally compressed oval of IC 2163. These clusters have masses ranging from ~10^4 to 2 × 10^5 M⊙ and ages of a few times 10^6 yr.
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