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- Jerlinder, Kajsa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperation directed learning in inclusive physical education
- 2013
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Ingår i: NNDR – 12th Research Conference, May 30–31, 2013 in Turku, Finland<em> </em>. ; , s. 97-97
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the implementation of cooperation directed learning of peer tutoring in elementary general inclusive physical education (GPE) setting in three elementary city schools in Sweden was studied. The purpose was to assess the impact of peer tutoring on the interaction behaviors between students with and without disabilities in GPE. A design of multiple case study with elementary school age students with moderate disabilities (n=4) was used. Peer tutors (n=37) were students without disabilities who voluntary participated in peer tutor training program. The program included the collaborative learning values, teaching instructions and communication skills served as the independent measure. Dependent measures were multiple interactions between students with and without disabilities.Totally 43 observation sessions of inclusive GPE settings were collected on videotapes and analyzed using the Computerized Evaluation Protocol of Interactions in Physical Education (CEPI-PE). In addition, interviews with school personnel and children served as a complementary study outcome. The percentage of interactions between target students and peer tutors significantly increased (3.2% to 11.8 % respectively, p<.05) during peer tutor intervention. This study indicated that peer tutor arrangements can contribute the successful cooperation between students with and without disabilities in inclusive GPE in Swedish elementary school. All four students with moderate disabilities maintained high percentage of activities done independently throughout baseline and intervention phase (50.5% and 57.6%, accordingly). Interviews confirmed a positive class climate change and improvement in peer relation culture.
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| 3. |
- Klavina, Aija, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperation directed learning in inclusive physical education
- 2012
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Ingår i: EUCAPA 2012, Book of abstracts.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peer tutoring is a type of collaboration directed learning strategy in which students support each other rather than relying only on assistant teacher or paraprofessional assistance. Utilizing peers as a natural support might facilitate interactions between students with and without disabilities. However, the research on cooperation oriented education approaches in Europe is very spare.PURPOSE:This study aims the implementation of cooperation oriented learning of peer tutoring in elementary general inclusive physical education (GPE) setting in three city schools in Sweden. The study was utilized within a Nordplus- Horizontal project.METHODS:A single subject multiple baseline design across elementary school age students with moderate disabilities (n=4) was used. While peer tutor training program was provided for the whole class target students were included when attending GPE, peer tutors (n=37) were students without disabilities who volunteered for this role. The peer tutor training program incorporating disability awareness, teaching instructions and communication skills served as the independent measure. Dependent measures included physical, instructional and social interactions between students with and without disabilities. Totally 43 observations sessions (á 20 minutes) were collected on videotapes. The obtained data were coded using the Computerized Evaluation Protocol of Interactions in Physical Education (CEPI-PE) (Klavina, 2011).RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:Age appropriate peer tutors were effective at assisting students with moderate disabilities in inclusive GPE in Swedish elementary schools. The percentage of interactions between target students and peer tutors significantly increased (3.2% to 11.8 % respectively, p<.5). These results replicate findings of previous studies done in the United States demonstrating that peer tutor arrangements can contribute the successful collaboration between students with and without disabilities in inclusive GPE (Houston-Wilson et al., 1997; Klavina & Block, 2008; Lieberman et al., 1997; Murata & Jansma, 1997). All four students with disabilities maintained high percentage of activities done independently throughout baseline and intervention phase (50.5% and 57.6%, accordingly). While collected data did not demonstrate significant change in social interactions for students with disabilities across the two study conditions (11.6% in baseline and 13.9% in intervention), anecdotal notes and social validation outcomes indicated that peer tutoring conditions provided them with the sense of being included in the class. For example, the classroom teachers stated that students with disabilities experienced more social interactions and positive attitude from their classmates during other situations during the school day increasing self-esteem of target students. Along this line, Goodwin and Watkinson (2000) found that factors contributing to positive experience for students with physical disabilities in GPE were a sense of belonging and companionship. Also, school principals and teacher assistants at all four research sites indicated positive change regarding social climate and the quality of the social interactions in the whole class after the study, not only between students with and without disabilities. The positive perceived peer culture (Jansson, 2005) reported by the school personal is an essential additional outcome of the peer tutoring training. The importance of using a class wide peer tutoring approach when including students with moderate disabilities in GPE become obvious.ReferencesGoodwin, D.L., & Watkinson, E.J. (2000). Inclusive physical education from theperspective of students with physical disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 17, 144-160.Houston-Wilson, C., Dunn, J.M., Van der Mars, H., & McCubbin, J. (1997). The effect of peer tutors on motor performance in integrated physical education classes. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 14, 298–313.Jansson, U. (2005). Vad är delaktighet? En diskussion av olika innebörder.Pedagogiska institutionen, Stockholms universitet. [in Swedish]Klavina, A. (2011). Development and Initial Validation of the ComputerizedEvaluation Protocol of Interactions in Physical Education. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 15(1), 26-46.Klavina, A. & Block, M. (2008). The effect of peer tutoring on interaction behaviors in inclusive physical education. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 25, 132-158.Lieberman, L.J., Newcomer, J., McCubbin, J., & Dalrymple, N. (1997). The effects of cross age tutors on the academic learning time in physical education of children with disabilities in inclusive elementary physical education classes. Brazilian Journal of Adapted Physical Education & Recreation, 4, 15–32.Murata, N.M., & Jansma, P. (1997). Influence of support personnel on students with and without disabilities in general physical education. Clinical Kinesiology, 51 (2), 37-46.
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| 5. |
- Klavina, Aija, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperative oriented learning in inclusive physical education
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Special Needs Education. - Abingdon, United Kingdom : Informa UK Limited. - 0885-6257 .- 1469-591X. ; 29:2, s. 119-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the implementation of cooperation directed learning of peer tutoring in elementary general inclusive physical education (GPE) setting in three elementary city schools in Sweden was studied. The purpose was to assess the impact of peer tutoring on the interaction behaviours between students with and without disabilities in GPE. A design of ultiple case study with elementaryschool age students with moderate disabilities (n = 4) was used. Peer tutors (n = 37) were students without disabilities who voluntary participated in a peer tutor training programme. The programme included the collaborative learningvalues, teaching instructions and communication skills served as the independent measure. Dependent measures were multiple interactions between students with and without disabilities. Data to the case studies were collected through a design of mixed methods, containing both quantitative and qualitative data. Totally 43 observation sessions of inclusive GPE settings were collected on videotapes and analysed using the Computerized Evaluation Protocol of Interactions in PhysicalEducation (CEPI-PE). In addition, interviews with school personnel and children plementary study outcome. The percentage of interactions between target students and peer tutors significantly increased (3.2–11.8%, respectively,p < .05) during peer tutor intervention. This study indicated that peer tutor arrangements can contribute the successful cooperation between students with and without disabilities in inclusive GPE in Swedish elementary school. All four students with moderate disabilities maintained high percentage of activities done independently throughout baseline and intervention phase (50.5 and 57.6%, accordingly). Qualitative data throughout field notes and interviews with school personnel and pupils confirmed a positive class climate change and improvement in peer relation culture.
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| 6. |
- Klavina, Aija, et al.
(författare)
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Peer–tutoring and cooperative learning in PE : a collaborative project
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Titel ”Samarbetsorienterat lärande med kamratstöd/mentorsstöd för ökad delaktighet i ämnet idrott och hälsa”. Syfte Att ta del av ny forskning och pröva en modell med kamrat/mentors-stöd som visat positiva resultat i USA. Syftet med projektet är att öka möjligheten till delaktighet för elever med funktionsnedsättning. Studien riktar sig mot ämnesområdet Idrott och hälsa som har brister när det just gäller delaktigheten. Målgrupp Primär målgrupp är elever i grund- och särskolan, med funktionsnedsättning, lärare i Idrott och hälsa, rådgivare, specialpedagoger och rektorer. Bakgrund Kunskapen om, och vikten av lek, rörelse och fysisk aktivitet är idag ett väl utforskat område som har många förespråkare. Även politiker och myndigheter arbetar med nya förslag och rapporter som ligger i linje med detta, och ger ytterligare stöd för mer fysisk aktivitet i skolan. Problematiken ligger ofta i att detta måste komma alla elever till del. Genom satsningar såsom ex. handslaget och tillägg i läroplanen om daglig fysisk aktivitet, som borde gynna barn med funktionsnedsättningar, upplevs i istället att det ofta görs särskilda lösningar med följden att många elever med funktionsnedsättning upplever att de inte är delaktiga. I detta sammanhang är det också anmärkningsvärt att notera att personer med funktionsnedsättningar, och i synnerhet personer med rörelsehinder, har den sämsta folkhälsan i Sverige (Folkhälsoinstitutet, 2008) Delaktighet är en viktig faktor för att må bra och elever som mår bra lär sig bättre. Forskning visar att delaktighet på lektioner också påverkar delaktigheten på raster och fritiden. Det förekommer alltför ofta att elever med någon funktionsnedsättning får en bristfällig undervisning i ämnet Idrott och hälsa, samt i andra fysiska aktiviteter inom skolans ram. Många elever deltar inte alls, andra deltar, men utan att vara delaktiga. Att ha en eller flera elever med någon funktionsnedsättning i sin klass bör ses som en tillgång. I forskningssammanhang internationellt, fr.a. från USA har man de senaste åren undersökt hur delaktigheten påverkas av kamratstöd istället för assistentstöd inom skolämnet Idrott och hälsa. I dessa studier har det visat sig att elever inte bara upplever markant ökad delaktighet, utan också att elever med funktionsnedsättning får ett bättre och mer situationsanpassat stöd. Metod Kvantitativ ”Single subject study”, videodokumentation. Kvalitativ intervjuer med fenomenografisk ansats.Projektgrupp Aija Klavina ass. Prof universitetet i Riga, Lettland; Kajsa Jerlinder, Högskolan i Gävle/GIH Stockholm; Lena Hammar, Specialpedagogiska skolmyndigheten. Tine Soulié, Handikappidrottens Videncenter, Roskilde Danmark. Lars Kristén, Högskolan i Halmstad
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