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- Schumann, Gunter, et al.
(författare)
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KLB is associated with alcohol drinking, and its gene product beta-Klotho is necessary for FGF21 regulation of alcohol preference
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 113:50, s. 14372-14377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health problem worldwide. Although drinking habits are known to be inherited, few genes have been identified that are robustly linked to alcohol drinking. We conducted a genome-wide association metaanalysis and replication study among >105,000 individuals of European ancestry and identified beta-Klotho (KLB) as a locus associated with alcohol consumption (rs11940694; P = 9.2 x 10(-12)). beta-Klotho is an obligate coreceptor for the hormone FGF21, which is secreted from the liver and implicated in macronutrient preference in humans. We show that brain-specific beta-Klotho KO mice have an increased alcohol preference and that FGF21 inhibits alcohol drinking by acting on the brain. These data suggest that a liver-brain endocrine axis may play an important role in the regulation of alcohol drinking behavior and provide a unique pharmacologic target for reducing alcohol consumption.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Koller, C., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis and Design of Tuned Turbo Codes
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. - 0018-9448 .- 1557-9654. ; 58:7, s. 4796-4813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been widely observed that there exists a fundamental tradeoff between the minimum (Hamming) distance properties and the iterative decoding convergence behavior of turbo-like codes. While capacity-achieving code ensembles typically are asymptotically bad in the sense that their minimum distance does not grow linearly with block length, and they therefore exhibit an error floor at moderate-to-high signal-to-noise ratios, asymptotically good codes usually converge further away from channel capacity. In this paper, we introduce the concept of tuned turbo codes, a family of asymptotically good hybrid concatenated code ensembles, where asymptoticminimum distance growth rates, convergence thresholds, and code rates can be tradedoff using two tuning parameters: lambda and mu By decreasing lambda, the asymptotic minimum distance growth rate is reduced in exchange for improved iterative decoding convergence behavior, while increasing lambda raises the asymptotic minimum distance growth rate at the expense of worse convergence behavior, and thus, the code performance can be tuned to fit the desired application. By decreasing mu, a similar tuning behavior can be achieved for higher rate code ensembles.
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| 5. |
- Bohlin, Alexis, et al.
(författare)
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Direct measurement of S-branch N(2)-H(2) Raman linewidths using time-resolved pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 137:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- S-branch N(2)-H(2) Raman linewidths have been measured in the temperature region 294-1466 K using time-resolved dual-broadband picosecond pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (RCARS). Data are extracted by mapping the dephasing rates of the CARS signal temporal decay. The J-dependent coherence decays are detected in the time domain by following the individual spectral lines as a function of probe delay. The linewidth data set was employed in spectral fits of N(2) RCARS spectra recorded in binary mixtures of N(2) and H(2) at calibrated temperature conditions up to 661 K using a standard nanosecond RCARS setup. In this region, the set shows a deviation of less than 2% in comparison with thermocouples. The results provide useful knowledge for the applicability of N(2) CARS thermometry on the fuel-side of H(2) diffusion flames.
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| 6. |
- Kliewer, C. J., et al.
(författare)
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Time-domain measurements of S-branch N-2-N-2 Raman linewidths using picosecond pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Physics B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0946-2171 .- 1432-0649. ; 108:2, s. 419-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time-resolved dual-broadband picosecond pure rotational CARS has been applied to measure self-broadened S-branch N-2-N-2 Raman linewidths in the temperature range 294-1466 K. The coherence decays were detected directly in the time domain by following the J-dependent CARS signal decay as a function of probe delay. The rotational Raman N-2-N-2 linewidths were derived from these time-dependent decays and evaluated for thermometric accuracy. Comparisons were made to the energy-corrected sudden (ECS) and modified exponential gap (MEG) dynamical scaling laws, and the results were used to quantify the sensitivity of nanosecond rotational CARS thermometry to the linewidth model employed. The uncertainty based on the linewidth model used in pure N-2 was found to be 2 %. The merits and limitations of this rapid method for the determination of accurate Raman linewidths are discussed.
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