| 1. |
- Kenward, Ben, et al.
(författare)
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Saccadic reaction times in infants and adults : Spatiotemporal factors, gender, and interlaboratory variation.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0012-1649 .- 1939-0599. ; 53:9, s. 1750-1764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Saccade latency is widely used across infant psychology to investigate infants’ understanding of events. Interpreting particular latency values requires knowledge of standard saccadic RTs, but there is no consensus as to typical values. This study provides standard estimates of infants’ (n = 194, ages 9 to 15 months) saccadic RTs under a range of different spatiotemporal conditions. To investigate the reliability of such standard estimates, data is collected at 4 laboratories in 3 countries. Results indicate that reactions to the appearance of a new object are much faster than reactions to the deflection of a currently fixated moving object; upward saccades are slower than downward or horizontal saccades; reactions to more peripheral stimuli are much slower; and this slowdown is greater for boys than girls. There was little decrease in saccadic RTs between 9 and 15 months, indicating that the period of slow development which is protracted into adolescence begins in late infancy. Except for appearance and deflection differences, infant effects were weak or absent in adults (n = 40). Latency estimates and spatiotemporal effects on latency were generally consistent across laboratories, but a number of lab differences in factors such as individual variation were found. Some but not all differences were attributed to minor procedural differences, highlighting the importance of replication. Confidence intervals (95%) for infants’ median reaction latencies for appearance stimuli were 242 to 250 ms and for deflection stimuli 350 to 367 ms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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| 2. |
- Koch, Felix-Sebastian, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in infant visual attention when observing repeated actions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Infant Behavior and Development. - : Elsevier. - 0163-6383 .- 1879-0453. ; 50, s. 189-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infants early visual preferences for faces, and their observational learning abilities, are well-established in the literature. The current study examines how infants attention changes as they become increasingly familiar with a person and the actions that person is demonstrating. The looking patterns of 12- (n = 61) and 16-month-old infants (n = 29) were tracked while they watched videos of an adult presenting novel actions with four different objects three times. A face-to-action ratio in visual attention was calculated for each repetition and summarized as a mean across all videos. The face-to-action ratio increased with each action repetition, indicating that there was an increase in attention to the face relative to the action each additional time the action was demonstrated. Infants prior familiarity with the object used was related to face-to-action ratio in 12-month-olds and initial looking behavior was related to face-to-action ratio in the whole sample. Prior familiarity with the presenter, and infant gender and age, were not related to face-to-action ratio. This study has theoretical implications for face preference and action observations in dynamic contexts.
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| 3. |
- Koch, Felix-Sebastian, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Data and analysis script for infant and adult eye movement in an adapted ocular-motor serial reaction time task assessing procedural memory
- 2020
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : ELSEVIER. - 2352-3409. ; 29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article provides a description of eye movement data collected during an ocular-motor serial reaction time task. Raw gaze data files for 63 infants and 24 adults along with the data processing and analysis script for extracting saccade latencies, summarizing participants performance, and testing statistical differences, are hosted on Open Science Framework (OSF). Files (in Matlab format) available for download allow for replication of the results reported in "Procedural memory in infancy: Evidence from implicit sequence learning in an eye-tracking paradigm" [1]. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 4. |
- Koch, Felix-Sebastian, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Parenting stress over time and children’s self-esteem at age 8
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parenting stress and other kinds of psychological stress were measured longitudinally from birth and related to children’s self-esteem at age 8. 3837 children answered a Swedish instrument assessing self-esteem in 5 domains. Generalized linear models showed a relation between parenting stress and lower self-esteem in all domains (e.g., cross-sectional for domain mental well-being: Odds ratio=1.76, p<.001 and longitudinal from age 1: Odds ratio=1.38, p<.001). This relation was not explained by other factors, such as serious life events, the child’s temperament or socioeconomy, and it was proposed that interventions aimed at reducing parenting stress could help children even long term.
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| 5. |
- Koch, Felix-Sebastian, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Parents’ psychological stress over time may affect children’s cortisol at age 8
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Psychology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0146-8693 .- 1465-735X. ; 35:9, s. 950-959
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study possible relations between parents’ psychological stress, children’s selfesteem and children’s saliva cortisol levels with regard to a mild stressor (drawing a blood sample). Method: Parenting stress and serious life events at birth, age 1, age 2, age 5 and age 8, and children’s self-esteem at age 8 were assessed. 82 paired saliva samples just before and 30 minutes after a children’s blood was drawn were analyzed. Results: Repeated measure general linear models indicated a relation between higher parenting stress at age 1 (p=0.03) and at age 8 (p<0.01), and elevated cortisol levels. No relation was found for serious life events. Lack of self-esteem in the domain of mental well-being was related to elevated cortisol levels (p=0.02). Conclusion: Parenting stress related to elevated cortisol levels of their children cross-sectionally and longitudinally and may be used as an indicator for children’s psychological stress in epidemiological studies.
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| 6. |
- Koch, Felix-Sebastian, 1977-
(författare)
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Stress and Obesity in Childhood
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Childhood obesity is a serious health problem and prevalence increases dramatically around the world, including Sweden. The aim of the current thesis was to examine parents’ and children’s stress in relation to childhood obesity. Parenting stress, social support, parental worries, and serious life events, as well as children’s temperament, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, saliva cortisol, weight and height were measured to estimate stress and the relation between stress and childhood obesity. Data was collected as part of the cohort project All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) which main aim is to understand the causes of Type 1 Diabetes. All 21700 children born between October 1997 and October 1999 in Southeast Sweden and their parents were invited to participate and questionnaires were completed for 16070 children at birth. Questionnaires were then collected at follow-ups at 1 year (N=11078), at 2-3 years (N=8803), at 5-6 years (N=7443), and at 8 years (N=3959). The main findings were a relation between parents’ psychological stress and lower self-esteem of children, a relation between parenting stress and higher cortisol levels of children, and a relation between children’s body dissatisfaction and lower self-esteem. Another main finding was a relation between cumulative psychological stress and an increased prevalence of childhood obesity. The current thesis summarized these results, found good validity of the instruments, and the analyses did not indicate any systematic attrition due to stress. It is concluded that the psychological variables reported by parents can be used as proxies for children’s experience of stress in epidemiological studies such as ABIS, and that psychological stress seems to be a contributing factor in childhood obesity. This relation needs to be studied further in order to better understand and intervene in the current epidemic of childhood obesity. These findings may also help to better examine if psychological stress and childhood obesity are contributing factors in the etiology of Type 1 Diabetes.
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| 7. |
- Sundqvist, Anett (Annette), 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative and quantitative aspects of child-directed parental talk and the relation to 2-year-olds developing vocabulary
- 2022
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Ingår i: Infancy. - : Wiley. - 1525-0008 .- 1532-7078. ; 27:4, s. 682-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although prior research has independently linked vocabulary development with toddlers media usage, parental mental state talk (MST), and parent-child conversational turn-taking (CTT), these variables have not been investigated within the same study. In this study, we focus on associations between these variables and 2-year-olds (N = 87) vocabulary. Child vocabulary and digital media use were measured through online questionnaires. We took a multimethod approach to measure parents child-directed talk. First, we used a home sound environment recording (Language ENvironment Analysis technology) to estimate parents talk (CTT). Second, parents narrated a picture book, the Frog story, to assess the parents MST. There was a negative association between how much children watched video content and their vocabulary. However, parents reported that they frequently co-viewed and engaged with the child and media. The negative association first displayed between the amount of video content viewed and the childs developing vocabulary was fully mediated by the parents qualitative and quantitative talk as measured by MST and CCT, respectively. We propose that the parent relative level of MST and CTT also occurs when parents engage with the child during media use.
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