| 1. |
- Varamäki, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for a network-level performance measurement system in SME networks
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations. - 1470-9503 .- 1741-5225. ; 5:3-4, s. 415-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims to present a theoretical framework for a network-level performance measurement system. The suggested framework for the performance measurement system is composed of the factors that enable and cause the productivity and profitability of the network form of organisation. The framework developed in this study can be divided into six subdimensions: (1) network culture, (2) resources and competences, (3) models of action, (4) internal processes, (5) customer perspective and (6) financial indicators of the network. We argue that this framework provides research opportunities to study the performance of the network form of organisation; but even more importantly, it provides a unique framework to analyse and develop network organisations in practice. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Brekke, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Overcoming barriers to transformation in manufacturing firms. A path-dependence perspective of digital servitization
- 2024
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Ingår i: Review of Managerial Science. - : Springer Nature. - 1863-6683 .- 1863-6691. ; 18:2, s. 385-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing firms struggle to break away from their pre-existing business models, offerings, routines, and capabilities. The present study used path dependency as a theoretical lens to investigate a single longitudinal case study of a leading manufacturing company based on in-depth interviews with senior executives and managers. The analysis contributes to extending the digital servitization and path-dependence literature by proposing four path-breaking mechanisms: (1) organizational reconfiguration, (2) reconfiguration of value offerings, (3) opportunity exploration, and (4) knowledge reconfiguration. The framework developed based on these mechanisms generated valuable insights for manufacturing firms seaking to to break away from their dominant paths.
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| 4. |
- Bäck, Ivari, et al.
(författare)
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Boundaries of R&D collaboration
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 45-46, s. 15-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building on organizational boundary theories (competence, efficiency, power, and identity), this study examines the boundaries of R&D collaboration, based on a qualitative, comparative case analysis of six long-term R&D relationships within the supplier network of a leading multinational corporation that manufactures electrical devices and systems. The results reveal that competence development, facilitated by trust, enables joint learning and the creation of tacit knowledge in long-term partnerships, and has a central role in boundary formation. Competence and accumulated experience also improve the efficiency of the relationship, which has a central impact on decisions to continue or end the collaboration. Power conception, drawing on resource dependency theory, is dominant in boundary setting only in cases where trust or mutual dependence between partners is low. The boundaries set by identity are based on managerial sensemaking and prior experience, and they tend to be dominant for as long as external demands force managers to re-consider them. First, the study contributes to supplier involvement literature by utilizing firm boundary theories in the context of R&D collaboration. Second, the study contributes to firm boundary literature by complementing the theory with trust and joint learning approaches, and by examining the interplay between different theories. The results also suggest practices that should be at the forefront of managers' thinking when they consider their firms' relational development needs in the context of R&D collaboration. The results also highlight the importance of long-term experience and trust in facilitating collaboration in the relationship.
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| 5. |
- Bäck, Iivari, et al.
(författare)
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Joint Learning in Innovative R&D Collaboration
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 23:1, s. 62-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study analyzes the mechanisms and facilitators behind joint learning in R&D collaborations by way of a qualitative comparative case study analyzing three supplier relationships and three internal R&D partnerships of the focal organization. The results suggest a single joint learning process for internal and external relationships in which the role of the customer and the facilitation of the joint learning process vary depending on the context. Whereas the role of motivation is central for joint learning in the internal relationships, mutual trust is important to the external relationships.
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| 6. |
- Einola, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Retrospective relational sensemaking in R&D offshoring
- 2017
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 63, s. 205-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To address the increasing relational challenges in international R&D collaboration, the present study develops a framework for understanding retrospective relational sensemaking in R&D offshore relationships. Using a comparative case study methodology, this study analyzes relational data from 56 interviews regarding four R&D offshore relationships between two large Swedish multinational companies and four R&D offshore partners. This study contributes to existing sensemaking theory by constructing a framework for retrospective relational sensemaking, including triggers and the phases of enactment, selection, and retention, to improve relational learning in R&D offshore relationships.
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| 7. |
- Gebauer, Heiko, et al.
(författare)
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How to convert digital offerings into revenue enhancement : Conceptualizing business model dynamics through explorative case studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 91, s. 429-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Equipment manufacturers are currently utilizing new digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence, or Big Data, for new digital offerings. However, these offerings seldom enhance revenue, because companies struggle with business model (BM) dynamics. By analyzing 27 companies through an explorative case-study approach, the authors consider how companies can successfully achieve revenue enhancement through digital offerings. The result is a threefold framework for revenue enhancement through digital offerings. First, this framework distinguishes between three phases of BM dynamics: 1) augmenting products through a “hardware plus†logic, 2) developing a portfolio of multiple logics for creating customer value, 3) integrating this portfolio through platform logic. Second, the framework emphasizes that three barriers, which we refer to as confidence, mixing, and collaboration barrier, limit the progress from Phases 1 to 3. Third, the framework reveals that each phase contains certain modifications of BM components. In the first phase, companies adapt their BM components slightly, so as to advance toward a “hardware plus†logic. In the second phase, companies embrace more radical BM innovations in order to convert services into an outcome-based BM and develop a new software subscription BM. In the third phase, companies modify BM components in order to integrate the BMs internally and to open them up for external collaboration partners.
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| 8. |
- Hakala, Henri, et al.
(författare)
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Configurations of entrepreneurial- customer- and technology orientation : Differences in learning and performance of software companies
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - : Emerald. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 17:1, s. 64-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify groups of companies using different configurations of orientations, and compare the groups for differences in their performance and organizational learning capability. The paper proposes that organizational learning capability enables firms to utilize several strategic orientations simultaneously. Design/methodology/approach: A sample of 164 Finnish software companies is clustered on the basis of their mix of customer (CO), technology (TO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). After validating the clusters, an analysis of variance is performed to detect differences in measures of performance and learning capability. Findings: The paper provides evidence that firms combining several strategic orientations perform better than those focusing solely on customer orientation. The paper finds support for a proposal that software companies can be divided into three groups featuring different configurations of customer, technology and entrepreneurial orientation. The groups are termed: servants (high CO, low TO and low EO), players (intermediate levels of CO, TO and EO) and integrators (high levels of CO, TO and EO). Furthermore, the paper shows that these groups demonstrate differences in their organizational learning capability and performance. Research limitations/implications: The paper refers to an empirical study of software companies in Finland. Further research in other countries and industry settings is needed to confirm and extend the results. Practical implications: The identification of a successful mix of strategic orientations is a major challenge to management. The results urge software company managers to develop a culture that nurtures organizational learning. The paper suggests that managers should utilize aspects from several strategic orientations and create an appropriate mix of orientations that enables adaptation to dynamic business environments. Originality/value: The paper provides insights into viable combinations of strategic orientations in the software industry and provides evidence for the differences in learning and performance for software company groups classified on the basis of their mix of orientations
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| 9. |
- Hakala, Henri, et al.
(författare)
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Online brand community practices and the construction of brand legitimacy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Marketing Theory. - : Sage Publications. - 1470-5931 .- 1741-301X. ; 17:4, s. 537-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contemporary marketers build online brand communities to communicate with the organization’s social surroundings, yet there is a lack of understanding of how brand legitimization unfolds in these platforms. To understand how legitimacy is constructed and contested every day, the current study adopts a practice-theoretical lens and discourse analysis to investigate two online communities. The contribution of the study is twofold: First, the insights from the discursive praxis, online community posts, comments and reactions illustrate the connections between multiple levels of legitimization discourse. Second, this study builds a theoretical framework for legitimization practice. Individual perceptions, judgements of the texts and actions on them in the online community intertwine with the organizational and societal context shaping the legitimacy of the brand in the community and beyond. This practice supports or challenges the brand as an institution and may legitimize or delegitimize the brand.
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| 10. |
- Hakala, Henri, et al.
(författare)
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The interplay between orientations : entrepreneurial, technology and consumner orentations in software companies
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Enterprising Culture. - 0218-4958. ; 18:3, s. 265-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the interplay between entrepreneurial, technology and customer orientations and company performance using data from 164 software companies. To conduct the analysis, the study applies PLS (partial least squares) modeling to understand the direct and indirect effects of entrepreneurial, customer and technology orientations on the performance of a software company. The results indicate that entrepreneurial and customer orientations directly affect performance, but, in this context, they do not support the view that a technology orientation directly enhances performance. More importantly, results suggest that an entrepreneurial orientation positively affects both customer and technology orientations. It appears that software companies need a capability to serve customers well, but also need to recognize new business opportunities from within their current customer relationships. The results suggest that to achieve high levels of performance, software companies need to balance the elements of entrepreneurial proactiveness and innovation with customer needs.
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