| 1. |
- Arase, Mayu, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming growth factor-beta-induced lncRNA-Smad7 inhibits apoptosis of mouse breast cancer JygMC(A) cells
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Science. - : Wiley. - 1347-9032 .- 1349-7006. ; 105:8, s. 974-982
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta exhibits both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic effects on epithelial cells in a context-dependent manner. The anti-apoptotic function of TGF-beta is mediated by several downstream regulatory mechanisms, and has been implicated in the tumor-progressive phenotype of breast cancer cells. We conducted RNA sequencing of mouse mammary gland epithelial (NMuMG) cells and identified a long non-coding RNA, termed lncRNA-Smad7, which has anti-apoptotic functions, as a target of TGF-beta lncRNA-Smad7 was located adjacent to the mouse Smad7 gene, and its expression was induced by TGF-beta in all of the mouse mammary gland epithelial cell lines and breast cancer cell lines that we evaluated. Suppression of lncRNA-Smad7 expression cancelled the anti-apoptotic function of TGF-beta In contrast, forced expression of lncRNA-Smad7 rescued apoptosis induced by a TGF-beta type I receptor kinase inhibitor in the mouse breast cancer cell line JygMC(A). The anti-apoptotic effect of lncRNA-Smad7 appeared to occur independently of the transcriptional regulation by TGF-beta of anti-apoptotic DEC1 and pro-apoptotic Bim proteins. Small interfering RNA for lncRNA-Smad7 did not alter the process of TGF-beta-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, phosphorylation of Smad2 or expression of the Smad7 gene, suggesting that the contribution of this lncRNA to TGF-beta functions may be restricted to apoptosis. Our findings suggest a complex mechanism for regulating the anti-apoptotic and tumor-progressive aspects of TGF-beta signaling.
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| 2. |
- Fukuda, Tomohiko, et al.
(författare)
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BMP signaling is a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cell Death Discovery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2058-7716. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BMP signaling has been found to have tumor-promoting as well as tumor-suppressing effects in different types of tumors. In this study, we investigated the effects of BMP signaling and of BMP inhibitors on ovarian cancer (OC) cells in vitro and in vivo. High expression of BMP receptor 2 (BMPR2) correlated with poor overall survival of OC patients in the TCGA dataset. Both BMP2 and BMPR2 enhanced OC cell proliferation, whereas BMP receptor kinase inhibitors inhibited OC cell growth in cell culture as well as in a mouse model. BMP2 also augmented sphere formation, migration, and invasion of OC cells, and induced EMT. High BMP2 expression was observed after chemotherapy of OC patients in the GSE109934 dataset. In accordance, carboplatin, used for the treatment of OC patients, increased BMP2 secretion from OC cells, and induced EMT partially via activation of BMP signaling. Our data suggest that BMP signaling has tumor-promoting effects in OC, and that BMP inhibitors might be useful therapeutic agents for OC patients. Considering that carboplatin treatment augmented BMP2 secretion, the possibility to use a combination of BMP inhibitors and carboplatin in the treatment of OC patients, would be worth exploring.
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| 3. |
- Fukuda, Tomohiko, et al.
(författare)
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BMP2-induction of FN14 promotes protumorigenic signaling in gynecologic cancer cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cellular Signalling. - : Elsevier. - 0898-6568 .- 1873-3913. ; 87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously reported that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling promotes tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancer cells. BMP2 enhances proliferation of ovarian and endometrial cancer cells via c-KIT induction, and triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by SNAIL and/or SLUG induction, leading to increased cell migration. However, the downstream effectors of BMP signaling in gynecological cancer cells have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing of Ishikawa endometrial and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells after BMP2 stimulation, and identified TNFRSF12A, encoding fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (FN14) as a common BMP2-induced gene. FN14 knockdown suppressed BMP2-induced cell proliferation and migration, confirmed by MTS and scratch assays, respectively. In addition, FN14 silencing augmented chemosensitivity of SKOV3 cells. As a downstream effector of BMP signaling, FN14 modulated both c-KIT and SNAIL expression, which are important for growth and migration of ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. These results support the notion that the tumor promoting effects of BMP signaling in gynecological cancers are partially attributed to FN14 induction.
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| 4. |
- Kawasaki, Natsumi, et al.
(författare)
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TUFT1 interacts with RABGAP1 and regulates mTORC1 signaling
- 2018
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Ingår i: CELL DISCOVERY. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2056-5968. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is commonly activated in human cancers. The activity of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling is supported by the intracellular positioning of cellular compartments and vesicle trafficking, regulated by Rab GTPases. Here we showed that tuftelin 1 (TUFT1) was involved in the activation of mTORC1 through modulating the Rab GTPase-regulated process. TUFT1 promoted tumor growth and metastasis. Consistently, the expression of TUFT1 correlated with poor prognosis in lung, breast and gastric cancers. Mechanistically, TUFT1 physically interacted with RABGAP1, thereby modulating intracellular lysosomal positioning and vesicular trafficking, and promoted mTORC1 signaling. In addition, expression of TUFT1 predicted sensitivity to perifosine, an alkylphospholipid that alters the composition of lipid rafts. Perifosine treatment altered the positioning and trafficking of cellular compartments to inhibit mTORC1. Our observations indicate that TUFT1 is a key regulator of the mTORC1 pathway and suggest that it is a promising therapeutic target or a biomarker for tumor progression.
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| 5. |
- Miyazono, Kohei, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor-promoting functions of transforming growth factor-β in progression of cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 117:2, s. 143-152
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) elicits both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting functions during cancer progression. Here, we describe the tumor-promoting functions of TGF-β and how these functions play a role in cancer progression. Normal epithelial cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the action of TGF-β, while treatment with TGF-β and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 results in transdifferentiation into activated fibroblastic cells that are highly migratory, thereby facilitating cancer invasion and metastasis. TGF-β also induces EMT in tumor cells, which can be regulated by oncogenic and anti-oncogenic signals. In addition to EMT promotion, invasion and metastasis of cancer are facilitated by TGF-β through other mechanisms, such as regulation of cell survival, angiogenesis, and vascular integrity, and interaction with the tumor microenvironment. TGF-β also plays a critical role in regulating the cancer-initiating properties of certain types of cells, including glioma-initiating cells. These findings thus may be useful for establishing treatment strategies for advanced cancer by inhibiting TGF-β signaling.
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| 6. |
- Mizutani, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cell type-specific target selection by combinatorial binding of Smad2/3 proteins and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha in HepG2 cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 286:34, s. 29848-29860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specific regulation of target genes by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in a given cellular context is determined in part by transcription factors and cofactors that interact with the Smad complex. In this study, we determined Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3) binding regions in the promoters of known genes in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells, and we compared them with those in HaCaT epidermal keratinocytes to elucidate the mechanisms of cell type- and context-dependent regulation of transcription induced by TGF-β. Our results show that 81% of the Smad2/3 binding regions in HepG2 cells were not shared with those found in HaCaT cells. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) is expressed in HepG2 cells but not in HaCaT cells, and the HNF4α-binding motif was identified as an enriched motif in the HepG2-specific Smad2/3 binding regions. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis of HNF4α binding regions under TGF-β stimulation revealed that 32.5% of the Smad2/3 binding regions overlapped HNF4α bindings. MIXL1 was identified as a new combinatorial target of HNF4α and Smad2/3, and both the HNF4α protein and its binding motif were required for the induction of MIXL1 by TGF-β in HepG2 cells. These findings generalize the importance of binding of HNF4α on Smad2/3 binding genomic regions for HepG2-specific regulation of transcription by TGF-β and suggest that certain transcription factors expressed in a cell type-specific manner play important roles in the transcription regulated by the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway.
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| 7. |
- Morikawa, Masato, et al.
(författare)
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BMP Sustains Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal through Distinct Functions of Different Kruppel-like Factors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Stem Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-6711. ; 6:1, s. 64-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling exerts paradoxical roles in pluripotent stem cells (PSCs); it sustains self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), while it induces differentiation in other PSCs, including human ESCs. Here, we revisit the roles of BMP-4 using mouse ESCs (mESCs) in naive and primed states. SMAD1 and SMAD5, which transduce BMP signals, recognize enhancer regions together with KLF4 and KLF5 in naive mESCs. KLF4 physically interacts with SMAD1 and suppresses its activity. Consistently, a subpopulation of cells with active BMP-SMAD can be ablated without disturbing the naive state of the culture. Moreover, Smad1/5 double-knockout mESCs stay in the naive state, indicating that the BMP-SMAD pathway is dispensable for it. In contrast, the MEK5-ERK5 pathway mediates BMP-4-induced self-renewal of mESCs by inducing Klf2, a critical factor for the ground state pluripotency. Our study illustrates that BMP exerts its self-renewing effect through distinct functions of different Kruppel-like factors.
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| 8. |
- Morikawa, Masato, et al.
(författare)
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ChIP-seq reveals cell type-specific binding patterns of BMP-specific Smads and a novel binding motif
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 39:20, s. 8712-8727
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dysregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are implicated in human genetic disorders. Here, we generated genome-wide maps of Smad1/5 binding sites in ECs and PASMCs. Smad1/5 preferentially bound to the region outside the promoter of known genes, and the binding was associated with target gene upregulation. Cell-selective Smad1/5 binding patterns appear to be determined mostly by cell-specific differences in baseline chromatin accessibility patterns. We identified, for the first time, a Smad1/5 binding motif in mammals, and termed GC-rich Smad binding element (GC-SBE). Several sequences in the identified GC-SBE motif had relatively weak affinity for Smad binding, and were enriched in cell type-specific Smad1/5 binding regions. We also found that both GC-SBE and the canonical SBE affect binding affinity for the Smad complex. Furthermore, we characterized EC-specific Smad1/5 target genes and found that several Notch signaling pathway-related genes were induced by BMP in ECs. Among them, a Notch ligand, JAG1 was regulated directly by Smad1/5, transactivating Notch signaling in the neighboring cells. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism of BMP signaling and the pathogenesis of vascular lesions of certain genetic disorders, including hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.
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| 9. |
- Morikawa, Masato, et al.
(författare)
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The ALK-1/SMAD/ATOH8 axis attenuates hypoxic responses and protects against the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science Signaling. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 1945-0877 .- 1937-9145. ; 12:607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dysregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) is implicated in vascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we showed that the transcription factor ATOH8 was a direct target of SMAD1/5 and was induced in a manner dependent on BMP but independent of Notch, another critical signaling pathway in ECs. In zebrafish and mice, inactivation of Atoh8 did not cause an arteriovenous malformation-like phenotype, which may arise because of dysregulated Notch signaling. In contrast, Atoh8-deficient mice exhibited a phenotype mimicking PAH, which included increased pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. Moreover, ATOH8 expression was decreased in PAH patient lungs. We showed that in cells, ATOH8 interacted with hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF-2 alpha) and decreased its abundance, leading to reduced induction of HIF-2 alpha target genes in response to hypoxia. Together, these findings suggest that the BMP receptor type II/ALK-1/SMAD/ATOH8 axis may attenuate hypoxic responses in ECs in the pulmonary circulation and may help prevent the development of PAH.
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| 10. |
- Ozawa, Takayuki, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic administration of monovalent follistatin-like 3-Fc-fusion protein increases muscle mass in mice
- 2021
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 24:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Targeting the signaling pathway of growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), also known as myostatin, has been regarded as a promising strategy to increase muscle mass in the elderly and in patients. Accumulating evidence in animal models and clinical trials has indicated that a rational approach is to inhibit a limited number of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family ligands, including GDF8 and activin A, without affecting other members. Here, we focused on one of the endogenous antagonists against TGF-beta family ligands, follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), which mainly binds and neutralizes activins, GDF8, and GDF11. Although bivalent human FSTL3 Fc-fusion protein was rapidly cleared from mouse circulation similar to follistatin (FST)-Fc, monovalent FSTL3-Fc (mono-FSTL3-Fc) generated with the knobs-into-holes technology exhibited longer serum half-life. Systemic administration ofmono-FSTL3-Fc in mice induced muscle fiber hypertrophy and increased muscle mass in vivo. Our results indicate that the monovalent FSTL3-based therapy overcomes the difficulties of current anti-GDF8 therapies.
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