| 1. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS).
- 2011
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 14:6, s. 495-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) is an ongoing longitudinal twin study targeting all twins born in Sweden since July 1, 1992. Since 2004, parents of twins are interviewed regarding the children's somatic and mental health and social environment in connection with their 9th or 12th birthdays (CATSS-9/12). By January 2010, 8,610 parental interviews concerning 17,220 twins had been completed, with an overall response rate of 80%. At age 15 (CATSS-15) and 18 (CATSS-18), twins and parents complete questionnaires that, in addition to assessments of somatic and mental health, include measures of personality development and psychosocial adaptation. Twin pairs in CATSS-9/12 with one or both twins screening positive for autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tic disorders, developmental coordination disorder, learning disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and/or eating problems have been followed with in-depth questionnaires on family, social environment and personality, and subsequently by clinical assessments at age 15 together with randomly selected population controls, including 195 clinically assessed twin pairs from the first 2 year cohorts (CATSS-15/DOGSS). This article describes the cohorts and study groups, data collection, and measures used. Prevalences, distributions, heritability estimates, ages at onset, and sex differences of mental health problems in the CATSS-9/12, that were analyzed and found to be overall comparable to those of other clinical and epidemiological studies. The CATSS study has the potential of answering important questions on the etiology of childhood mental health problems and their role in the development of later adjustment problems.
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| 2. |
- Blomberg, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Bimetallic nanoparticles as a model system for an industrial NiMo catalyst
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944 .- 1996-1944. ; 12:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An in-depth understanding of the reactionmechanismis required for the further development of Mo-based catalysts for biobased feedstocks. However, fundamental studies of industrial catalysts are challenging, and simplified systems are often used without direct comparison to their industrial counterparts. Here, we report on size-selected bimetallic NiMo nanoparticles as a candidate for a model catalyst that is directly compared to the industrial system to evaluate their industrial relevance. Both the nanoparticles and industrial supported NiMo catalysts were characterized using surface- and bulk-sensitive techniques. We found that the active Ni and Mo metals in the industrial catalyst are well dispersed and well mixed on the support, and that the interaction between Ni and Mo promotes the reduction of the Mo oxide. We successfully produced 25 nm NiMo alloyed nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. Characterization of the nanoparticles showed that they have a metallic core with a native oxide shell with a high potential for use as a model system for fundamental studies of hydrotreating catalysts for biobased feedstocks. © 2019 by the authors.
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| 3. |
- Gericke, Sabrina Maria, et al.
(författare)
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In Situ H2 Reduction of Al2O3-Supported Ni- and Mo-Based Catalysts
- 2022
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI. - 2073-4344. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nickel (Ni)-promoted Molybdenum (Mo)-based catalysts are used for hydrotreatment processes in the chemical industry where the catalysts are exposed to high-pressure H2 at elevated temperature. In this environment, the catalyst transforms into the active phase, which involves the reduction of the oxide. Here, we report on the first in situ study on the reduction of alumina supported Ni- and Mo-based catalysts in 1 mbar H2 using ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS). The study confirms that mixing Ni and Mo lowers the reduction temperature of both Ni- and Mo-oxide as compared to the monometallic catalysts and shows that the MoO3 reduction starts at a lower temperature than the reduction of NiO in NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts. Additionally, the reduction of Ni and Mo foil was directly compared to the reduction of the Al2O3-supported catalysts and it was observed that the reduction of the supported catalysts is more gradual than the reduction of the foils, indicating a strong interaction between the Ni/Mo and the alumina support. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 4. |
- Li, Kena, et al.
(författare)
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Maximizing yield of liquid-lignin from membrane filtration retentate of kraft black liquor
- 2021
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Ingår i: Industrial Crops and Products. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690. ; 169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Removal of lignin from kraft pulping black liquor has the potential to increase pulp production, and at the same time lignin can serve as raw material for renewable fuels. There are well-known challenges associated with the outtake of lignin from kraft black liquor. Examples of such challenges are acid consumption and effects on the Na/S balance in the pulp mill, which can be decreased by a new process concept combining membrane filtration and liquid-lignin separation. In this study, we investigated the yield of liquid-lignin in separation from kraft black liquor retentate, specifically concerning how it was influenced by the presence of xylose and galactoglucomannan. For example, the liquid lignin yield after carbon dioxide separation decreased from 89.3 % to 85.2 % and 86.1 % with the addition of 20 g/L xylose and galactoglucomannan, respectively. The results showed that the yield of liquid-lignin decreased with an increasing amount of sugar added. Similarly to previous research, our results showed an improvement of liquid-lignin yield associated with a decrease in the content of sugars in cases of heat treatment prior to separation. We suggest a new explanation for the interaction between lignin and hemicellulose, namely that the interactions occur at a molecular level, with lignin in solution, and that these interactions possibly involve the formation of covalent lignin-carbohydrate bonds. This makes the lignin more polar and less prone to form a liquid-lignin phase.
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| 5. |
- Moëll, Birger, et al.
(författare)
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Living SMART - A randomized controlled trial of a guided online course teaching adults with ADHD or sub-clinical ADHD to use smartphones to structure their everyday life
- 2015
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 2:1, s. 24-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate an online intervention for adults with ADHD that aimed to improve organizational skills and attention with the help of smartphone applications.MethodParticipants (n = 57) were recruited and assessed through questionnaires and telephone interviews. Diagnoses of ADHD were confirmed for 83% of the participants, 5% most probably had the diagnoses, and 12% did not fulfill all diagnostic criteria despite high levels of symptoms. Participants were randomized between the intervention (n = 29) and a wait-list control group (n = 28). The 6-week intervention involved support from a coach in finding a routine for organizing everyday life with the help of smartphone applications. The primary outcome measure was ASRS Inattention. Secondary outcomes were ASRS sub-scale Hyperactivity and measures of depression, anxiety, stress, quality of life and general level of functioning. Blind evaluators also assessed improvement in organization and inattention at post treatment.ResultThe participants receiving the Living Smart course reduced their average scores on ASRS-Inattention from 28.1 (SD = 4.5) to 22.9 (SD = 4.3) which was a significantly larger reduction than found in the control group. 33% of participants were considered clinically significantly improved according to the blind evaluator, compared to 0% in the control group. The same results were found when only participants with a confirmed diagnose were included in the analyses.ConclusionAdults with ADHD seem to be able to use smartphone applications to organize their everyday life and can be taught how to do this via online interventions.
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| 6. |
- Törn, Peggy, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood neurodevelopmental problems and adolescent bully victimization : population-based, prospective twin study in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - New York, USA : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 24:9, s. 1049-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bully victimization is a common problem among children with neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Previous research was mostly cross-sectional and seldom accounted for co-morbid psychopathology, which makes it difficult to draw conclusions about causality and specificity of any association. Using a genetically informative prospective design, we investigated the association between various neurodevelopmental problems (NDPs) in childhood and bully victimization in adolescence, and the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to this association. We obtained parent-reports of NDPs at age 9/12 years and self-reported bully victimization at age 15 for 3,921 children participating in the The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS). Structural equation modelling was used to control for NDP co-morbidity and bully victimization at baseline. Cholesky decomposition was used to analyse genetic and environmental contributions to observed associations. Because most of the NDPs were associated to later bully victimization, a common effect of all NDPs was summarized into a general NDP factor. Controlling for this general factor, only problems with social interaction and motor control uniquely predicted subsequent bully victimization in girls. General and unique associations were influenced by both genetic and unique environmental factors. NDPs in general and social interaction and motor problems in particular predicted later bully victimization. The longitudinal design and twin analyses indicated that these associations might be causal. Knowledge of these vulnerabilities may be important when designing risk assessment and prevention strategies.
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