| 1. |
- Alene Asres, Georgies, et al.
(författare)
-
A novel WS2 nanowire-nanoflake hybrid material synthesized from WO3 nanowires in sulfur vapor
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2045-2322. ; 6:25610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, WS2 nanowire-nanoflake hybrids are synthesized by the sulfurization of hydrothermally grown WO3 nanowires. The influence of temperature on the formation of products is optimized to grow WS2 nanowires covered with nanoflakes. Current-voltage and resistance-temperature measurements carried out on random networks of the nanostructures show nonlinear characteristics and negative temperature coefficient of resistance indicating that the hybrids are of semiconducting nature. Bottom gated field effect transistor structures based on random networks of the hybrids show only minor modulation of the channel conductance upon applied gate voltage, which indicates poor electrical transport between the nanowires in the random films. On the other hand, the photo response of channel current holds promise for cost-efficient solution process fabrication of photodetector devices working in the visible spectral range.
|
|
| 2. |
- Halonen, Niina, et al.
(författare)
-
Low-temperature growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by thermal CVD
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - Malden : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 248:11, s. 2500-2503
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-temperature thermal chemical vapor deposition (thermal CVD) synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied using a large variety of different precursor compounds. Cyclopentene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, and xylene: methanol mixture as oxygen containing heteroatomic precursors, while xylene and acetylene as conventional hydrocarbon feedstocks were applied in the experiments. The catalytic activity of Co, Fe, Ni, and their bi-as well as tri-metallic combinations were tested for the reactions. Low-temperature CNT growth occurred at 400 degrees C when using bi-metallic Co-Fe and tri-metallic Ni-Co-Fe catalyst (on alumina) and methanol or acetylene as precursors. In the case of monometallic catalyst nanoparticles, only Co (both on alumina and on silica) was found to be active in the low temperature growth (below 500 degrees C) from oxygenates such as cyclopentene oxide and methanol. The structure and composition of the achieved MWCNTs products were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The successful MWCNT growth below 500 degrees C is promising from the point of view of integrating MWCNT materials into existing IC fabrication technologies. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
|
|
| 3. |
- Kordás, Krisztián, et al.
(författare)
-
Nanoparticle Dispersions
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Springer Handbook of Nanomaterials. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642205941 - 9783642205958 ; , s. 729-776
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter aims to provide an insight into the physics and chemistry of nanoparticle–liquid systems. The first part of the chapter discusses parameters and effects that influence dispersion stability (Sect. 20.1), including particle size and shape as well as the interactions at the interface between the solid and liquid phases. Section 20.2 summarizes the practical aspects of making a dispersion, collecting and listing hundreds of examples from contemporary literature. Because of the broad spectrum of materials in question, the survey is limited to dispersions of inorganic nanoparticles including metals, their oxides/sulfides, some (compound) semiconductors, as well as nanostructured carbon particles such as fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene/graphite (Sect. 20.3). Dispersions of polymers of either synthetic or biological origin lie beyond the scope of this work. Since a very large fraction of applications are related to various surface coatings using dispersions as the source of nanoparticles, Sect. 20.4 is devoted to drying phenomena and particle self-ordering.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kukkola, Jarmo, et al.
(författare)
-
Room temperature hydrogen sensors based on metal decorated WO3 nanowires
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 186, s. 90-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emerging hydrogen economy has created a demand for the development of improved hydrogen sensors operating at room temperature. In this work, we present hydrogen detectors based on metal decorated WO3 nanowires that were able to detect 1000 ppm of H-2, even at room temperature (30 degrees C), with relatively short recovery time and high sensitivity. The nanowires were synthesized by a hydrothermal process and decorated with PdO and PtOx nanoparticles by decomposition of Pd(acac)(2) and Pt(acac)(2) precursors. The gas responses were tested for H-2, NO, H2S and CO analyte gases in an air buffer at 150,200 and 250 degrees C (H-2 also at 30,70 and 130 degrees C).
|
|
| 5. |
- Mohl, Melinda, et al.
(författare)
-
Formation of CuPd and CuPt Bimetallic Nanotubes by Galvanic Replacement Reaction
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 115:19, s. 9403-9409
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A galvanic replacement reaction has been successfully applied to prepare CuPd and CuPt bimetallic nanotubes. The nanotubes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Ultralong, single crystalline copper nanowires (NWs) with a diameter of similar to 64 nm and a length of several micrometers were used as template material. By controlling the amount of noble metal salt added, nanotubes with different compositions were obtained. After the replacement of Cu with Pt, nanotubes composed of a PtCu alloy were formed. EDS analysis revealed that the Pt content increased until about 66%. No further increase in the molar ratio resulted in any additional Pt incorporation into the alloy. As for the replacement of Cu with Pd, the thickening of the nanotubes was observed indicating that nanotubes composed of Pd nanoparticles were formed. Bacicscattered electron imaging and SEM-EDS revealed CuPd nanotubes with approximately 2.3% Cu content. These remarks indicate different evolution mechanism for the nanotubes in the two systems.
|
|
| 6. |
- Mohl, Melinda, et al.
(författare)
-
Titania nanofibers in gypsum composites : an antibacterial and cytotoxicology study
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Material Chemistry B. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-750X .- 2050-7518. ; 2:10, s. 1307-1316
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Further developments of antibacterial coatings based on photocatalytic nanomaterials could be a promising route towards potential environmentally friendly applications in households, public buildings and health care facilities. Hereby we describe a simple chemical approach to synthesize photocatalytic nanomaterial-embedded coatings using gypsum as a binder. Various types of TiO2 nanofiber-based photocatalytic materials (nitrogen-doped and/or palladium nanoparticle decorated) and their composites with gypsum were characterized by means of scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. These gypsum-based composites can be directly applied as commercially available paints on indoor walls. Herein we report that surfaces coated with photocatalytic composites exhibit excellent antimicrobial properties by killing both methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) under blue light. In the case of MSSA cells, the palladium nanoparticle-decorated and nitrogen-doped TiO2 composites demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity. For the MRSA strain even pure gypsum samples were proven to be efficient in eradicating Gram-positive human pathogens. The cytotoxicity of freestanding TiO2 nanofibers was revealed by analyzing the viability of HeLa cells using MTT and fluorescent cell assays.
|
|
| 7. |
- Mäklin, Jani, et al.
(författare)
-
Thermal diffusivity of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes measured by the flash method
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 248:11, s. 2508-2511
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermal diffusivity of freestanding catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) grown multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) forests (height of 1.5 and 1.9 mm) was characterized in the temperature range between 25 and 200 degrees C. Copper and Al-alloy metal blocks were used as references for validation of the experimental setup. The measurements were carried out along the MWCNT alignment direction with a thermal property analyzer that uses the flash method. The thermal diffusivities measured at room temperature for as-grown and post-annealed (2 h at 480 degrees C in open air) samples were found to be similar to 0.45 and similar to 0.23 cm(2)/s, respectively. In both cases, the thermal diffusivity values were slightly decreasing with increasing temperature. The observed decrease in diffusivity after annealing is most probably due to the loss of amorphous carbon in the specimens and also because of the increased defect density in the nanotube walls resulting in a more pronounced phonon scattering in the lattice. The measured thermal diffusivities for as-grown samples agree with data reported elsewhere for similar MWCNT materials [W. Yi et al., Rev. B 59, 9015 (1999) and T. Borca-Tasciuc et al., J. Appl. Phys. 98, 054309 (2005)]. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
|
|
| 8. |
- Ngoc Pham, Tung, et al.
(författare)
-
Catalytic Hydrogenation of d-Xylose Over Ru Decorated Carbon Foam Catalyst in a SpinChem® Rotating Bed Reactor
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Topics in catalysis. - New York : Springer. - 1022-5528 .- 1572-9028. ; 59:13-14, s. 1165-1177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work the activity of ruthenium decorated carbon foam (Ru/CF) catalyst was studied in three phase hydrogenation reaction of d-xylose to d-xylitol. The developed catalyst was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurement. Kinetic measurements were carried out in a laboratory scale pressurized reactor (Parr®) assisted by SpinChem® rotating bed reactor (SRBR), at pre-defined conditions (40–60 bar H2 and 100–120 °C). The study on the influence of reaction conditions showed that the conversion rate and selectivity of hydrogenation reaction of d-xylose was significantly affected by temperature. These results have been proved by a competitive kinetics model which was found to describe the behavior of the novel system (Ru/CF catalyst used together with the SRBR) very well. Besides, it was revealed that the catalytic activity as well as the stability of our Ru/CF-SRBR is comparable with the commercial ruthenium decorated carbon catalyst (Ru/AC) under identical reaction conditions. Moreover, all steps from catalyst preparation and catalyst recycling as well as catalytic testing can be performed in an easy, fast and elegant manner without any loss of materials. Briefly, the developed Ru/CF catalyst used together with the SRBR could be used an excellent alternative for the conventional Raney nickel catalyst in a slurry batch reactor and offers an attractive concept with obvious industrial applicability.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sranko, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis and properties of novel Ba(II)Fe(III) layered double hydroxides
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Applied Clay Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9053 .- 0169-1317. ; 48:1-2, s. 214-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double hydroxides of Ba(II) and Fe(III) were prepared by the co-precipitation method. Co-precipitation was facilitated by applying highly alkaline, carbonate free NaOH solutions with varying base concentrations (2-20 M). The substances, thus obtained, were characterised by thermal methods. XRD spectra of samples treated at various temperatures, Mossbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopies. It was found that in extremely concentrated base solutions (>= 10 M) layered double hydroxides, most probably with intercalated OH ions, were formed, indeed, while at low base concentration the Fe(III) ions were precipitated as various oxyhydroxides and the Ba(II) ions remained dissolved. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 10. |
- Szabados, Márton, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of ultrasonic irradiation on the synthesis, crystallization, thermal and dissolution behaviour of chloride-intercalated, co-precipitated CaFe-layered double hydroxide
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4177. ; 55, s. 165-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The output power (30–150 W) and the periodicity (20–100%) of ultrasound emission were varied in a wide range to regulate and improve the crystallization process in the commonly used co-precipitation technique of chloride-intercalated CaFe-layered double hydroxides. The influence of ultrasound irradiation on the as-prepared materials was studied by X-ray diffractometry, dynamic light scattering, UV–Vis–NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, specific surface area measurement, pore size analysis, ion-selective electrode potentiometric investigations and thermogravimetry. Additionally, structural alterations due to heat treatment at various temperatures were followed in detail by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray absorption spectroscopies as well as scanning electron microscopy. The ultrasonic treatment was capable of controlling the sizes of primarily formed (from 19 nm to 30 nm) as well as the aggregated (secondary) particles (between 450 nm and 700 nm), and thus modifying their textural parameters and enhancing the incorporation of chloride anions into the interlamellar space. For the first time, the optical energy gap of CaFe-LDH was reported here depending on the nature of applied stirring (4.18–4.34 eV). The heat-treatment investigations revealed that the layered structure was stabile until 200 °C, even at the atomic level.
|
|
