| 1. |
- Al-Mousa, Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Capacity Allocation of Unmonitored Railway Yards
- 2023
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Ingår i: TRA Lisbon 2022 Conference Proceedings Transport Research Arena (TRA Lisbon 2022),14th-17th November 2022, Lisboa, Portugal. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; , s. 4041-4048
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for railway service facilities in Europe has been rapidly increasing, prompting for more conflicts in capacity requests by railway undertakings. In Sweden, many of these facilities do not have any automatic monitoring possibilities and the infrastructure manager does not have accurate or real-time information about vehicles occupying the tracks. This introduces challenges in having efficient capacity utilization in such facilities. This paper proposes a framework for capacity allocation for facilities which are currently unmonitored in general and for railway yards in specific. The framework is proposed upon abessment of the feasibility of emerging technologies in monitoring railway service facilities, as well as evaluating the current capacity allocation process and the suitability of different pricing principles as a basis for a charging scheme for capacity reservation.
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| 2. |
- Diotallevi, Claudio, et al.
(författare)
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Internet of Logistics: A New Opportunity for the Digitalization of Logistics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020, April 27-30, 2020, Helsinki, Finland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the applicability of the Semantic Web technologies to the logistics domain, as an open, flexible and efficient approach to share the digital information. The Semantic Web is a framework of technical standards and information management tools that provides a method to store and publish digital data, securely, easily searched, cross-referenced and processed by computers. The proposed approach is introduced within the framework of the H2020 - Shift2rail initiative and FR8HUB project and defined as “Internet of Logistics”, since it aims at creating a common, distributed and interoperable data exchange infrastructure. It overcomes the limitations of traditional supply chain communication systems based on one2one messages (e.g. EDI), and the complexity associated to ad-hoc IT system implementations that are required to build interfaces between legacy systems, enabling new possibilities for the digitalization of processes and operations in the freight sector.
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| 3. |
- Djordjevic, Boban, et al.
(författare)
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An optimisation-based digital twin for automated operation of rail level crossings
- 2024
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Ingår i: Expert systems with applications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0957-4174 .- 1873-6793. ; 239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Railway level crossings (LCs), as the intersection of road and rail transport, are the weak points in terms of safety, as they are used by different modes of transport. The safety level at LCs can therefore be affected by the behaviour of the users. However, the level of safety can also be affected by failures and errors in the operation of LC equipment. Apart from safety, errors and failures of the LC devices can lead to longer waiting times for road users. As the volume of traffic on rail and road increases, so does the risk that the level of safety will decrease. The increase in traffic volume via LC leads to higher traffic volume on the road and more frequent trains on the rail, which leads to longer waiting times for road users on the LCs. The longer waiting times can disrupt the traffic flow, especially during peak hours when the growing volume of traffic on road and rail increases road user dissatisfaction. Moreover, in the era of Industry 4.0 and Digital Rail, new digital and automated technologies are being introduced to improve rail performance and competitiveness. These technologies are aligned with the LCs and are intended to ensure the efficient operation of LC and the efficient use of LCs by conventional trains as well. To achieve this, a concept is needed that simultaneously monitors and visualises the operation of LC in real time, identifies potential faults and failures of the LC equipment, and updates and monitors the proper operation of LC based on the historical data and information of the operation of LC according to the road traffic volume and the characteristics of the rail traffic and trains. Therefore, in this study, a digital twin system (DT) for rail LC was initiated and built as a concept that can meet the above requirements for proper LC operation in real time. DT of LC includes all components of LC and communication between them to synchronise the operation of LC according to the real-time requirements. The DT system is able to optimise the operation time of LC by monitoring the operation of LC and collecting data to ensure efficient use of LC and reduce unnecessary waiting time for road users. In this paper, the operation time of LCs on Swedish and Taiwanese railways was compared using the developed level crossing optimisation model (OLC). Since the introduction of new signalling concepts requires an improvement of LC operating characteristics and their design, the operating strategies were modelled using the OLC model. The results of the work show that the optimal values of LC operation time are different for the case studies investigated. The replacement of track circuits as detection devices and the introduction of balises can also positively influence the operation time, as well as increasing the speed of trains via LCs. However, due to the formulation of the OLC model, the impact of a longer train length on the operation of LC is not recognised. The OLC model can be used to estimate the real-time operation time of LC under different traffic conditions as well as the impact of different changes and extensions of LC.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Flodén, Jonas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Designing Intermodal Supply Chains
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- WP3 Report, Sustainable Intermodal Supply Systems for Biofuel and Bulk Freight
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| 7. |
- Hallesius, Hanns, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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A pre-study for a new efficient transshipment technology for combined transports
- 2023
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The project addresses the need for green end-to-end long-distance transportation over land and the need to shift more cargo from road to rail. The overarching target is to shift a considerable part of present long-distance road transports to combined transportation, by providing seamless transshipment between road and rail, with the aim to accelerate the shift from energy-consuming fossil transportation to a combination of energy-efficient and fossil-free long-distance transportation on rail and flexible and fossil-free short-distance trucking.Combined transport (CT) of semi-trailers combines the sustainability (electrification & energy efficiency) of rail with the flexibility of road, enabling green transport chains. The availability and competitiveness of CT is however limited by inefficiencies related to the transshipment, as most trailers cannot be managed by present methods, as CT terminals are capital intensive and therefore typically few and far apart, and as large part of transport costs and time are related to the transshipment.The proposed solution “Assisted RoRo Transshipment” is an innovative & competitive way for loading trailers onto railway wagons at terminals, through horizontal loading of trailers onto flat railway wagons by the use of assisted precision driving (Ro-Ro). The trailer can be pushed onto the railway wagon directly by the tractor bringing it to the terminal, or alternatively by a terminal tractor.One objective of the pre-study project has been to achieve a deeper understanding of the fit within the transport system in Sweden, including relevant market, and the needs of all relevant stakeholders. Another objective has been to review the feasibility of the technology in different implementations. A further objective has been to identify relevant use cases, and propose an actionable project plan for a full scale demo project.The following general research questions were addressed:How well does the concept fit in the present system and market? How feasible is the concept in relation to risks and regulations? How should a suitable full scale demo project (FSDP) be designed and planned and what should be considered regarding technology?To review the fit of the new concept in present systems and market, a review has been made from the perspectives system, behaviour and application. A thorough review on the market mechanics has been made and the different components of the intermodal transport system have been addressed. Simulations of effects by the introduction of the Assisted RoRo Transshipment concept in various environments was carried out.As a summary, the conclusion is that Assisted RoRo Transshipments have the potential of bringing relevant improvements to the marked in various situations. The costs for transshipment are estimated to be considerably lower than present alternatives and new opportunities are created for the establishment of intermediate terminals along the railway line. Faster transshipments together with the possibility to use also non-liftable trailers in CT provides opportunities or growing the CT market. Based upon these conclusions, further development and demonstrations are suggested, as well as further research.In the study regarding the feasibility of the concept, various risks related to CT and an implementation of Assisted RoRo Transshipments were reviewed and analysed. Applicable legislation and requirements related to intermodal railway transports were also reviewed and analysed in view of various levels of implementation. The main conclusions from the feasibility study are that the Assisted RoRo Transshipment concept appears to be feasible for implementation in an FSDP as well as in large scale and that the risks involved in transshipments and transportation call for focus on safety and reliability in all implementations. Various alternatives for an FSDP were simulated and analysed. The technology concept has been tested from different perspectives. The conclusions were that there is a number of variations as to how a demonstration and pilot project can be set up in various stages of the development of the concept. The suggestion is however to set up a limited FSDP, with one or a few wagons in commercial pilot traffic between two terminals as part of an existing intermodal shuttle. The railway wagon should be adapted for Assisted RoRo Transshipments. Temporary platforms for Assisted RoRo Transshipments should be arranged on or close to the terminals. The project also proposes a project plan for such FSDP.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Ingrid, 1990-
(författare)
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Simulation Studies for Improved Efficiency in Road and Rail Freight Transports
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The demand for road and rail freight transport continues to grow with the expanding economy, while the climate crisis requires reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, tools and solutions for reducing fossil fuel use and enabling more efficient use of infrastructure are needed. This thesis utilises microscopic and macroscopic traffic simulation as tools to improve certain aspects of road and rail transport planning in the operational, tactical, and strategic planning time horizons.For road freight transports conducted with heavy-duty vehicles, fuel consumption can be reduced by smarter driving. Strategic planning concerning introduction of intelligent and connected vehicles is needed, along with planning of actual vehicle operations. Microscopic road traffic simulation is utilised to show that heavy-duty vehicle platooning, which lowers the fuel consumption through reduced aerodynamic drag, can be conducted on two-lane highway stretches without disturbing surrounding traffic. Further, substantial reduction of the fuel consumption can be achieved by applying fuel-optimal deceleration trajectories, assuming available information about the traffic situation ahead.Shifting freight transports from roads to railways is another possible measure to reduce emissions. Previous simulation studies of railway traffic has mainly focused on passenger trains, combined with not including freight train departures before the scheduled timetable, even though it commonly occurs in Sweden. Therefore, both microscopic and macroscopic railway traffic simulation, with and without allowing early freight train departures, is conducted in a case study. The resulting freight train punctuality is closer to empirical punctuality when early departures are included.A modal shift from road to rail transport increases capacity utilisation of railway networks, and is only possible within available capacity. Therefore, reliable methods for capacity analysis are needed. A method for capacity analysis is introduced and evaluated, with particular focus on railway station analysis. An advantage of this method is it can be used in tactical and strategic planning of future timetables and infrastructure.
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| 9. |
- Joubert, Johan W., et al.
(författare)
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A matching algorithm to study the evolution of logistics facilities extracted from GPS traces
- 2020
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1465. ; 46:2020, s. 237-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ubiquity of anonymous GPS data has opened the door to a promising data source in the field of city logistics modelling. From this data the locations of logistics facilities can be extracted and their evolution studied over time. The minimum edge coverproblem, weighted by the Hausdorff distance, is used as a basis for a matching algorithm to study the location of facilities acrosslongitudinal datasets. The efficacy and validity of the algorithm is assessed through the visual inspection of results in three urbanareas across five time instances. Prevalent errors are unpacked and algorithm modifications suggested. This paper makes amethodological contribution to the handling of GPS data for the purpose of city logistics modelling.
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| 10. |
- Kordnejad, Behzad, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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D25.3 Report on the basic functional and technical specifications regarding CMS as relevant input for FP3
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present document constitutes the basic functional and technical specifications regarding CMS as relevant input for Flagship Project FP3 – IAM4RAIL. The term Condition monitoring systems (CMS) here refers to wayside monitoring systems and in particular the Intelligent Video Gate (IVG) concept developed within the Shift2Rail programme and the projects FR8HUB and FR8RAIL III. The concept is now further developed in a concept called “Standardised European Checkpoints” within Flagship Project FP5 – TRANS4M-R. As these checkpoints will also be developed within FP3 WP7, the main purpose of this deliverable is to provide FP3 basic functional and technical specifications developed previously for the concept within Shift2Rail as well as the vision for the further development of the concept within FP5. Moreover, as CMS also includes other wayside monitoring systems (WMS) than the IVG concept, previous work within Shift2Rail regarding these technologies will also be addressed in this deliverable. The IVG concept was first described and showcased on a model train within Shift2Rail and the project FR8HUB and the full scale demonstrated within FR8RAIL III, including installation of gate in Gothenburg, Sweden for terminal purposes, while for yard purposes the gate in Nurnberg yard in Germany was used. The work will now continue within FP5 with extending the concept with further functionalities for terminals, yards and borders and to further European countries, both on a local/national and a European level. Challenges experienced during the Shift2Rail projects regard first of all installation challenges; one should consider all the required steps i.e. finding a suitable location, contracting sub provider, obtaining all permissions for installation, purchasing components, transportation of equipment, construction, fine tuning while estimating costs and effort for each step. As for the technical challenges and the image processing, hit rates over 95% for character recognition (codes) are required i.e. ability to recognize more code types e.g. domestic ILU codes differs and are hard to recognize, as well as improved damage detection abilities. Regarding the technical challenges with data exchange, it is particularly worth considering that handling information of dangerous goods is strictly regulated. Regarding Wayside monitoring systems based on other detection technologies, the industry is already providing sensors to monitor a large number of freight wagon conditions. However, there are still areas of freight wagons that are difficult or impossible to monitor with stationary or on-board sensors. However, it will not be possible to deploy a comprehensive condition detection solution at one time but step by step. The gradual integration of domestic and international data will also present economic, technical and legal challenges.
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