| 1. |
- McDevitt, Allan D., et al.
(författare)
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Next-generation phylogeography resolves post-glacial colonization patterns in a widespread carnivore, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), in Europe
- 2022
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 31:3, s. 993-1006
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carnivores tend to exhibit a lack of (or less pronounced) genetic structure at continental scales in both a geographic and temporal sense and this can confound the identification of post-glacial colonization patterns in this group. In this study we used genome-wide data (using genotyping by sequencing [GBS]) to reconstruct the phylogeographic history of a widespread carnivore, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), by investigating broad-scale patterns of genomic variation, differentiation and admixture amongst contemporary populations in Europe. Using 15,003 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 524 individuals allowed us to identify the importance of refugial regions for the red fox in terms of endemism (e.g., Iberia). In addition, we tested multiple post-glacial recolonization scenarios of previously glaciated regions during the Last Glacial Maximum using an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) approach that were unresolved from previous studies. This allowed us to identify the role of admixture from multiple source population post-Younger Dryas in the case of Scandinavia and ancient land-bridges in the colonization of the British Isles. A natural colonization of Ireland was deemed more likely than an ancient human-mediated introduction as has previously been proposed and potentially points to a larger mammalian community on the island in the early post-glacial period. Using genome-wide data has allowed us to tease apart broad-scale patterns of structure and diversity in a widespread carnivore in Europe that was not evident from using more limited marker sets and provides a foundation for next-generation phylogeographic studies in other non-model species.
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| 2. |
- Pesquet, Edouard, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms for shaping, orienting, positioning and patterning plant secondary cell walls
- 2011
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Ingår i: Plant signaling & behavior. - : Landes Bioscience. - 1559-2324. ; 6:6, s. 843-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Xylem vessels are cells that develop a specifically ornamented secondary cell wall to ensure their vascular function, conferring both structural strength and impermeability. Further plasticity is given to these vascular cells by a range of different patterns described by their secondary cell walls that-as for the growth of all plant organs-are developmentally regulated. Microtubules and their associated proteins, named MAPs, are essential to define the shape, the orientation, the position and the overall pattern of these secondary cell walls. Key actors in this process are the land-plant specific MAP70 proteins which not only allow the secondary cell wall to be positioned at the cell cortex but also determine the overall pattern described by xylem vessel secondary cell walls.
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| 3. |
- Pesquet, Edouard, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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The microtubule-associated protein AtMAP70-5 regulates secondary wall patterning in Arabidopsis wood cells
- 2010
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Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 20, s. 744-749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Xylem tracheary elements (TEs) form hollow, sap-conducting tubes kept open by thickened ribs of secondary cell wall that provide the major structural element in wood. These ribs are enriched with cellulose and lignin, molecules that utilize more atmospheric CO(2) than any other biopolymer on Earth. The thickenings form characteristic patterns (e.g., spiral and pitted) that depend upon the bundling of underlying microtubules [1, 2]. To identify microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) involved in patterning microtubules, we optimized an in vitro system for triggering single Arabidopsis cells to differentiate synchronously into TEs. From more than 200 microtubule-implicated proteins, AtMAP70-5 was the only MAP upregulated upon, and specific to, TE differentiation. It lines the borders of each microtubule bundle and forms C-shaped "spacers" between adjacent bundles. Manipulating levels of AtMAP70-5 and its binding partner AtMAP70-1 by overexpression or RNA interference (RNAi) silencing shifted the balance between the characteristic patterns. RNAi silencing produced stunted plants with disorganized vascular bundles. In culture, RNAi knockdown caused ribs of secondary cell wall, surrounded by microtubules, to invaginate and fall into the cytoplasm. These results suggest that AtMAP70-5 and AtMAP70-1 are essential for defining where secondary cell wall polymers are applied at the cell cortex in wood-forming cells.
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