| 1. |
- Roslin, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
A molecular-based identification resource for the arthropods of Finland
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 22:2, s. 803-822
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To associate specimens identified by molecular characters to other biological knowledge, we need reference sequences annotated by Linnaean taxonomy. In this study, we (1) report the creation of a comprehensive reference library of DNA barcodes for the arthropods of an entire country (Finland), (2) publish this library, and (3) deliver a new identification tool for insects and spiders, as based on this resource. The reference library contains mtDNA COI barcodes for 11,275 (43%) of 26,437 arthropod species known from Finland, including 10,811 (45%) of 23,956 insect species. To quantify the improvement in identification accuracy enabled by the current reference library, we ran 1000 Finnish insect and spider species through the Barcode of Life Data system (BOLD) identification engine. Of these, 91% were correctly assigned to a unique species when compared to the new reference library alone, 85% were correctly identified when compared to BOLD with the new material included, and 75% with the new material excluded. To capitalize on this resource, we used the new reference material to train a probabilistic taxonomic assignment tool, FinPROTAX, scoring high success. For the full-length barcode region, the accuracy of taxonomic assignments at the level of classes, orders, families, subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species reached 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.7%, 99.4%, 96.8%, and 88.5%, respectively. The FinBOL arthropod reference library and FinPROTAX are available through the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility (www.laji.fi) at https://laji.fi/en/theme/protax. Overall, the FinBOL investment represents a massive capacity-transfer from the taxonomic community of Finland to all sectors of society.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ahola, Virpi, et al.
(författare)
-
The Glanville fritillary genome retains an ancient karyotype and reveals selective chromosomal fusions in Lepidoptera
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 4737-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have reported that chromosome synteny in Lepidoptera has been well conserved, yet the number of haploid chromosomes varies widely from 5 to 223. Here we report the genome (393 Mb) of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia; Nymphalidae), a widely recognized model species in metapopulation biology and eco-evolutionary research, which has the putative ancestral karyotype of n = 31. Using a phylogenetic analyses of Nymphalidae and of other Lepidoptera, combined with orthologue-level comparisons of chromosomes, we conclude that the ancestral lepidopteran karyotype has been n = 31 for at least 140 My. We show that fusion chromosomes have retained the ancestral chromosome segments and very few rearrangements have occurred across the fusion sites. The same, shortest ancestral chromosomes have independently participated in fusion events in species with smaller karyotypes. The short chromosomes have higher rearrangement rate than long ones. These characteristics highlight distinctive features of the evolutionary dynamics of butterflies and moths.
|
|
| 3. |
- Barnard, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
-
Data management and data sharing in field operational tests
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Intelligent Transportation Systems: From Good Practices to Standards. - : CRC Press. - 9781498721875 ; , s. 59-72
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this chapter it will be discussed how data from Field Operational Tests of Intelligent Transport Systems can be managed and shared. The Field Operational Tests, where hundreds of users get to experience the latest systems, aim to assess the impacts that would result from a wide-scale implementation. Evaluation principles of Field Operational Tests will be explained, and a closer look will be taken at the data that is collected for carrying out the assessments. The widely used FESTA methodology for designing and conducting Field Operational Tests and Naturalistic Driving Studies already provides several recommendations for managing data. This methodology will be discussed and illustrated by examples of its use in European projects. As field test projects set out to collect a huge set of data, the projects themselves do not usually have the scope or the resources to analyze the data from every perspective. Therefore re-use of the collected data also by other projects with different research questions has the potential to generate a wealth of new knowledge about what is happening in the interactions between drivers, vehicles and the infrastructure. Data sharing is the focus of a European support action, FOT-Net Data. The support action is working, with international collaboration, to form a data sharing framework, a data catalogue, and provide detailed recommendations for sharing and re-use. Outcomes from this activity will be discussed. Ways of sharing different types of data will be described, including the necessary steps to be taken to open up the data.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hiller, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
The L3Pilot Data Management Toolchain for a Level 3 Vehicle Automation Pilot
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Electronics (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2079-9292. ; 9:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As industrial research in automated driving is rapidly advancing, it is of paramount importance to analyze field data from extensive road tests. This paper investigates the design and development of a toolchain to process and manage experimental data to answer a set of research questions about the evaluation of automated driving functions at various levels, from technical system functioning to overall impact assessment. We have faced this challenge in L3Pilot, the first comprehensive test of automated driving functions (ADFs) on public roads in Europe. L3Pilot is testing ADFs in vehicles made by 13 companies. The tested functions are mainly of Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) automation level 3, some of them of level 4. In this context, the presented toolchain supports various confidentiality levels, and allows cross-vehicle owner seamless data management, with the efficient storage of data and their iterative processing with a variety of analysis and evaluation tools. Most of the toolchain modules have been developed to a prototype version in a desktop/cloud environment, exploiting state-of-the-art technology. This has allowed us to efficiently set up what could become a comprehensive edge-to-cloud reference architecture for managing data in automated vehicle tests. The project has been released as open source, the data format into which all vehicular signals, recorded in proprietary formats, were converted, in order to support efficient processing through multiple tools, scalability and data quality checking. We expect that this format should enhance research on automated driving testing, as it provides a shared framework for dealing with data from collection to analysis. We are confident that this format, and the information provided in this article, can represent a reference for the design of future architectures to implement in vehicles.
|
|
| 5. |
- Larsson, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
-
Test and evaluation plans
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- interactIVe introduces safety systems that autonomously brake and steer. The driver is continuously supported by interactIVe assistance systems. They warn the driver in potentially dangerous situations. The systems do not only react to driving situations, but are also able to actively intervene in order to protect occupants and vulnerable road users. The objective of interactIVe is to develop new integrated Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) for safer and more efficient driving. Seven demonstrator vehicles – six passenger cars of different vehicle classes and one truck is being built up within this project to develop, test, and evaluate the next generation of safety systems. The evaluation of the interactIVe functions has been divided in three main categories: • Technical Assessment to evaluate the performance of the developed functions and collect information and data for safety impact assessment. • User-Related Assessment to assess the functions from the user perspective, and also to provide further input to the safety impact assessment. Impact Assessment to estimate how and how much the functions influence traffic safety. When dealing with the above-mentioned assessments, the challenge is the fact that every Vertical Sub Project (VSP) SECONDS, INCA and EMIC, includes various functions and address different kind of situations where some are just supportive for normal driving and some intervenes in emergency situations. These different functions can be assessed individually or being part of a complete system, so interactions between them have to be taken into account. Moreover, the availability of tools and prototype vehicles has to be assured. The evaluation framework, which is described in more detail in D7.2, is built on the results and experiences from previous European projects, especially from the PReVAL project. Starting from the research questions, which have been described in D7.1, hypotheses were defined in D7.2. The research questions and hypotheses have been updated through feedback from the VSPs. The next step is the definition of the indicators and the development of the test and validation plans. In order to evaluate the developed ADAS, an evaluation framework is required. Therefore, a horizontal subproject called “Evaluation and Legal Aspects” is part of interactIVe which main objective is to provide this framework and give support to the vertical subprojects in their evaluation work. The purpose of this deliverable is to present the test and validation plans for the specific functions and outline the assessment of the test procedures which includes studying the feasibility of conducting test scenarios, setting up and running tests and obtaining data on the indicators. It also includes a methodology for safety impact assessment and an overview of the tools and equipment that will be used during the process. The tests will reveal how the functions work according to function description, requirements and also how the functions are accepted and received from a user perspective by accepting or rejecting the proposed hypotheses and obtained answers for the research questions about the definition of relevant aspects to develop Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS).
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Willemsen, Dehlia, et al.
(författare)
-
Specifications of the Evaluation Framework.
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This document outlines the specifications for the evaluation framework on the basis of the requirements as described in D7.1. The framework will be further developed in D7.4 (“Test and evaluation plans”). Based on the use cases from deliverable D1.5 and the requirements from D7.1, hypotheses, indicators and test scenarios are formulated and included in this deliverable D7.2. Evaluation has, as in D7.1, been divided in three main categories: • Technical Assessment evaluates the performance of the developed interactIVe functions and collects information and data for safety impact assessment. • User-Related Assessment assesses the functions from the user perspective, and also to provide further input to the safety impact assessment. • Impact Assessment, estimates how and how much the functions influence traffic safety. This deliverable has further defined the evaluation framework by: • Hypotheses definition based on the research questions of D7.1. The hypotheses are set up in two categories per assessment (technical, user related and impact): o General o System specific (SECONDS, INCA, and EMIC). • Indicator definition based on the hypotheses of this deliverable. The indicators are set up per assessment (technical, user related and impact). • Test scenarios definition based on the use cases defined in D1.5. Summarizing, the outcome of this deliverable is a list of hypotheses, indicators and test cases, which will be used to define specific test plans for the interactIVe functions in D7.4. The current status of the project is that the functions that will be developed in interactIVe are not yet totally outlined. This document has D1.5 (v16, Annex1 v2 and Annex2 v12) and D1.6 (v0998) as a basis. Meanwhile these documents may have been updated to newer versions, which is not dealt with in this version of D7.2 but will be integrated into D7.4 (due in M22). Moreover a process of reviewing the hypotheses and test scenarios by the VSPs has started (M17) and may result in an update of some of the hypotheses, indicators and test scenarios. These will also be part of D7.4. The results of the April 2011 SP workshop have been mostly integrated into this deliverable, further discussion will lead to other changes which will be reported in D7.4.
|
|
