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- Han, Jonghoon, et al.
(författare)
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Global, Regional, and National Burden of Mesothelioma 1990-2019 A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society online. - : AMER THORACIC SOC. - 1546-3222 .- 1943-5665. ; 20:7, s. 976-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Mesothelioma has become a major health burden since World War II because of the use of asbestos. Although many countries have imposed bans on asbestos, there remain significant mortality and morbidity from mesothelioma because of its long latent period and aggressiveness. Also, the use of asbestos is increasing in low-income countries, potentiating risk of mesothelioma in the coming decades. Assessment of the global burden of mesothelioma is required to take proper measures against the disease. Objectives: To assess the burden of mesothelioma from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels and to investigate patterns according to sex, age, sociodemographic index, and risk factors. Methods: The numbers, rates, and age-standardized rates of incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of mesothelioma in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using vital registration and cancer registry data. The relationship between sociodemographic index and agestandardized DALY rate was determined, and DALYs attributable to occupational exposure to asbestos were calculated. Results: In 2019, there were 34,511 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 31,199 to 37,771) incident cases of mesothelioma globally, with an age-standardized rate of 0.43 per 100,000 persons (95% UI, 0.38 to 0.47), which decreased between 1990 and 2019 by -12.6% (95% UI, -21.8% to -2.3%). Mesothelioma was responsible for 29,251 (95% UI, 26,668 to 31,006) deaths in 2019, with an age-standardized rate of 0.36 deaths per 100,000 persons (95% UI, 0.33 to 0.39), which decreased between 1990 and 2019 by -9.6% (95% UI, -17.8% to 21.1%). The age-standardized incidence rate increased in central Europe between 1990 and 2019 by 46.1% (95% UI, 16.6% to 72.4%). The Netherlands, Australia, and the United Kingdom had the highest agestandardized incidence rates. Incidence rates were higher in men than in women ages 45-49 to 90-94 years, peaking at 85-89 years. Occupational exposure to asbestos contributed to 85.2% (95% UI, 82.1% to 88.1%) of DALYs. Conclusions: The global burden of mesothelioma is decreasing in terms of age-standardized incidence and mortality rates. Mesothelioma remains a substantial public health challenge in many parts of the world.
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| 2. |
- Jeong, Yeon Jae, et al.
(författare)
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Global burden of gout in 1990-2019: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : WILEY. - 0014-2972 .- 1365-2362. ; 53:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and AimsAlthough gout is one of the most common rheumatic diseases, world data are lacking because most studies have focused on industrialized countries. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the global burden of gout and its associations with the year of diagnosis, age, geographical region, sociodemographic status and various further risk factors. MethodsRetrospective data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) were used, initially collected between 1990 and 2019. Raw numbers and age-standardized rates (per 100,000 persons) of prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of gout were extracted from GBD 2019 for 204 countries and territories and stratified by sex, age, year, sociodemographic index and geographic region. Correlations between gout and other chronic diseases were identified, and the burden attributable to high body mass index (BMI) and kidney dysfunction was described. ResultsThe total number of patients and gout age-standardized prevalence rate increased between 1990 and 2019. Gout was most prevalent in Australasia and high-income North America, and a higher sociodemographic index (SDI) was associated with higher age-standardized prevalence, incidence and YLDs. High BMI and kidney dysfunction were risk factors for gout, while gout was correlated with other kidney diseases. ConclusionsThe global prevalence of gout, as well as incidence, and YLDs increased worldwide from 1990 to 2019 and had a significant association with sex, age, geographic region, SDI and risk factors. Understanding the complex interplay of environmental, sociodemographic and geographic risk factors is essential in mitigating the ever-rising disease burden of gout.
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| 3. |
- Jung, Se Yong, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular events and safety outcomes associated with remdesivir using a World Health Organization international pharmacovigilance database
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Science. - : Wiley. - 1752-8054 .- 1752-8062. ; 15:2, s. 501-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On October 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved remdesivir as the first drug for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), increasing remdesivir prescriptions worldwide. However, potential cardiovascular (CV) toxicities associated with remdesivir remain unknown. We aimed to characterize the CV adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with remdesivir using VigiBase, an individual case safety report database of the World Health Organization (WHO). Disproportionality analyses of CV-ADRs associated with remdesivir were performed using reported odds ratios and information components. We conducted in vitro experiments using cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) to confirm cardiotoxicity of remdesivir. To distinguish drug-induced CV-ADRs from COVID-19 effects, we restricted analyses to patients with COVID-19 and found that, after adjusting for multiple confounders, cardiac arrest (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-3.29), bradycardia (aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.24-3.53), and hypotension (aOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.73) were associated with remdesivir. In vitro data demonstrated that remdesivir reduced the cell viability of hPSC-CMs in time- and dose-dependent manners. Physicians should be aware of potential CV consequences following remdesivir use and implement adequate CV monitoring to maintain a tolerable safety margin.
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| 4. |
- Kim, Min Seo, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical or medical, and non-medical facemasks in protection against respiratory virus infection: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reviews in Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 1052-9276 .- 1099-1654. ; 32:5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical/medical and non-medical facemasks as personal protective equipment against respiratory virus infection. The study incorporated 35 published and unpublished randomized controlled trials and observational studies investigating specific mask effectiveness against influenza virus, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and medRxiv databases for studies published up to 5 February 2021 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020214729). The primary outcome of interest was the rate of respiratory viral infection. The quality of evidence was estimated using the GRADE approach. High compliance to mask-wearing conferred a significantly better protection (odds ratio [OR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23-0.82) than low compliance. N95 or equivalent masks were the most effective in providing protection against coronavirus infections (OR, 0.30; CI, 0.20-0.44) consistently across subgroup analyses of causative viruses and clinical settings. Evidence supporting the use of medical or surgical masks against influenza or coronavirus infections (SARS, MERS and COVID-19) was weak. Our study confirmed that the use of facemasks provides protection against respiratory viral infections in general; however, the effectiveness may vary according to the type of facemask used. Our findings encourage the use of N95 respirators or their equivalents (e.g., P2) for best personal protection in healthcare settings until more evidence on surgical and medical masks is accrued. This study highlights a substantial lack of evidence on the comparative effectiveness of mask types in community settings.
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| 6. |
- Park, Jihye, et al.
(författare)
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The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel diseases, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: Digestive and Liver Disease. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1590-8658 .- 1878-3562. ; 55:10, s. 1352-1359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In recent years, the global epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed rapidly.Aims: We described the updated global IBD epidemiology results based on the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD).Methods: We estimated the prevalence rate, death rate, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from GBD 2019 in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019.Results: The crude prevalence of IBD increased by 47% in 2019 globally. Accordingly, the age-standardized prevalence rate showed 19% decrease. The age-standardized death rates, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs of IBD in 2019 decreased compared to those in 1990. The annual percentage change in age-standardized prevalence rate decreased most in United States and increased in East Asia and high-income Asia Pacific from 1990 to 2019. Continents with high socioeconomic index (SDI) had higher age-standardized prevalence rates compared to continents with low SDI. The 2019 age-standardized prevalence rate of high latitudes was higher than that of low latitudes in Asia, Europe, and North America.Conclusion: The observed trends and geographic variations in IBD documented in the 2019 GBD study will aid policymakers in policy, research, and investment development.
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| 7. |
- Park, Seoyeon, et al.
(författare)
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The global burden of sudden infant death syndrome from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
- 2022
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Ingår i: QJM Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1460-2725 .- 1460-2393. ; 115:11, s. 735-744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) still remains one of the leading causes of infant death worldwide, especially in high-income countries. To date, however, there is no detailed information on the global health burden of SIDS. Aims To characterize the global disease burden of SIDS and its trends from 1990 to 2019 and to compare the burden of SIDS according to the socio-demographic index (SDI). Design Systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data. Methods Epidemiological data of 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were collected via various methods including civil registration and vital statistics in the original GBD study. Estimates for mortality and disease burden of SIDS were modeled. Crude mortality and mortality rates per 100 000 population were analyzed. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and DALY rates were also assessed. Results In 2019, mortality rate of SIDS accounted for 20.98 [95% Uncertainty Interval, 9.15-46.16] globally, which was a 51% decrease from 1990. SIDS was most prevalent in Western sub-Saharan Africa, High-income North America and Oceania in 2019. The burden of SIDS was higher in males than females consistently from 1990 to 2019. Higher SDI and income level was associated with lower burden of SIDS; furthermore, countries with higher SDI and income had greater decreases in SIDS burden from 1990 to 2019. Conclusions The burden of SIDS has decreased drastically from 1990 to 2019. However, the improvements have occurred disproportionately between regions and SDI levels. Focused preventive efforts in under-resourced populations are needed.
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