| 1. |
- Fomalont, E. B., et al.
(författare)
-
THE 2014 ALMA LONG BASELINE CAMPAIGN: AN OVERVIEW
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 808:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major goal of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is to make accurate images with resolutions of tens of milliarcseconds, which at submillimeter (submm) wavelengths requires baselines up to similar to 15 km. To develop and test this capability, a Long Baseline Campaign (LBC) was carried out from 2014 September to late November, culminating in end-to-end observations, calibrations, and imaging of selected Science Verification (SV) targets. This paper presents an overview of the campaign and its main results, including an investigation of the short-term coherence properties and systematic phase errors over the long baselines at the ALMA site, a summary of the SV targets and observations, and recommendations for science observing strategies at long baselines. Deep ALMA images of the quasar 3C 138 at 97 and 241 GHz are also compared to VLA 43 GHz results, demonstrating an agreement at a level of a few percent. As a result of the extensive program of LBC testing, the highly successful SV imaging at long baselines achieved angular resolutions as fine as 19 mas at similar to 350 GHz. Observing with ALMA on baselines of up to 15 km is now possible, and opens up new parameter space for submm astronomy.
|
|
| 2. |
- Yasunaka, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping of the air-sea CO2 flux in the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas: Basin-wide distribution and seasonal to interannual variability
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Polar Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-9652. ; 10:3, s. 323-334
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We produced 204 monthly maps of the air-sea CO2 flux in the Arctic north of 60 degrees N, including the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas, from January 1997 to December 2013 by using a self-organizing map technique. The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) in surface water data were obtained by shipboard underway measurements or calculated from alkalinity and total inorganic carbon of surface water samples. Subsequently, we investigated the basin-wide distribution and seasonal to interannual variability of the CO2 fluxes. The 17-year annual mean CO2 flux shows that all areas of the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas were net CO2 sinks. The estimated annual CO2 uptake by the Arctic Ocean was 180 TgC yr(-1). The CO2 influx was strongest in winter in the Greenland/Norwegian Seas (>15 mmol m(-2) day(-1)) and the Barents Sea (>12 mmol m(-2) day(-1)) because of strong winds, and strongest in summer in the Chukchi Sea (similar to 10 mmol m(-2) day(-1)) because of the sea-ice retreat In recent years, the CO2 uptake has increased in the Greenland/Norwegian Sea and decreased in the southern Barents Sea, owing to increased and decreased air-sea pCO(2) differences, respectively. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Jansen, Joachim, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Monitoring of carbon-water fluxes at Eurasian meteorological stations using random forest and remote sensing
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulating the carbon-water fluxes at more widely distributed meteorological stations based on the sparsely and unevenly distributed eddy covariance flux stations is needed to accurately understand the carbon-water cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. We established a new framework consisting of machine learning, determination coefficient (R2), Euclidean distance, and remote sensing (RS), to simulate the daily net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) and water flux (WF) of the Eurasian meteorological stations using a random forest model or/and RS. The daily NEE and WF datasets with RS-based information (NEE-RS and WF-RS) for 3774 and 4427 meteorological stations during 2002-2020 were produced, respectively. And the daily NEE and WF datasets without RS-based information (NEE-WRS and WF-WRS) for 4667 and 6763 meteorological stations during 1983-2018 were generated, respectively. For each meteorological station, the carbon-water fluxes meet accuracy requirements and have quasi-observational properties. These four carbon-water flux datasets have great potential to improve the assessments of the ecosystem carbon-water dynamics.
|
|
| 5. |
- Miron, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Nuclear motion driven by the Renner-Teller effect as observed in the resonant Auger decay to the X̃2Π electronic ground state of N2O
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 115:2, s. 864-869
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nuclear dynamics in the Nt 1s→π* in nitrous oxide was studied using the high resolution resonant Auger spectroscopy and ab initio quantum chemical calculations. For probing the nuclear motion of the system in the core-excited state, the frequency detuning technique was used. The results showed changes in vibrational structure for the Auger decay spectra and a strong influence of nuclear motion on the electronic decay.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Kosugi, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Postcollision-interaction effects in multistep Auger transitions following Ar 1s photoionization
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 106:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postcollision-interaction (PCI) effects involving multistep decay processes following Ar 1s photoionization has been studied by Auger electron spectroscopy. The experiment focused on LMM Auger electrons measured in small photon energy steps across the Ar 1s photoionization threshold. Decay pathways that we studied include (1) the Ar+*2p-1 -> Ar2+3p-2 LMM alpha Auger process due to a single L hole created by KL fluorescence, (2) the Ar2+*2p-2 -> Ar3+*2p-13p-2 LMM1 Auger process following double L shell hole states produced by a KLL Auger processes, and (3) the subsequent Ar3+*2p-13p-2 -> Ar4+3p-4 LMM2 Auger transitions. Particularly pronounced PCI shifts and unusual line shapes compared to the ordinary one-step PCI process were found in the spectra of Auger processes following a KLL Auger first step. The experimental results were compared with calculations based on the semiclassical approach to PCI. Good agreement was found between the calculated and experimental PCI shifts. The result opens possibilities for further studies of the multielectron dynamics between Auger electrons mediated through the photoelectron in these and similar systems.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kosugi, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Strong configuration interaction in the 3p photoelectron spectrum of Kr
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 101:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured the Kr photoelectron spectrum in the region close to the 3p ionization threshold. Our high-resolution measurements allowed a clear observation of spectral structures due to electron correlation effects. Analysis based on relativistic multiconfiguration calculations could explain these observed peaks as due to strong configuration interactions between the 3p(-1) state and 3d(-2) nl states. Calculated and experimental data for peak assignments and intensity distributions are in good agreement. In addition, we measured the anisotropy parameter beta, which also agreed well with theory. These findings provide a detailed view of strong configuration interactions between the 3(-1) and 3d(-2)nl inner-shell hole states.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Muto, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio as Risk Marker for Cardiovascular Events and Infectious Disease Hospitalization in Dialysis Patients
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Blood purification. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9735 .- 0253-5068. ; 51:9, s. 747-755
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In dialysis patients, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infectious disease contribute to poor clinical outcomes. We investigated if a higher monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is associated with an increased risk of CVD events and infectious disease hospitalizations in incident dialysis patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In an ongoing observational prospective cohort study, 132 Japanese dialysis patients (age 58.7 ± 11.7 years; 70% men) starting dialysis therapy were enrolled and followed up for a median of 48.7 months. Laboratory biomarkers, including white blood cell count and its differential count, were determined at baseline. Event-free time and relative risks (RRs) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox models, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> When divided into 2 groups according to median MLR (0.35 [range, 0.27–0.46]), the periods without CVD events were significantly shorter in the high MLR group than in the low MLR group (log-rank test = 5.60, <i>p</i> = 0.018). The RR of CVD events, after adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes, was 2.43 (1.22–4.84) in the high MLR group compared to the low MLR group. The periods without infections requiring hospitalization were also shorter (log-rank test = 4.16, <i>p</i> = 0.041). The RR of infections requiring hospitalization was 1.98 (1.02–3.83) after the same adjustments. The number of CVD events was higher in the high MLR group (18.6 events per 100 person-years at risk [pyr]) than the low MLR group (11.1 events per 100 pyr). The duration of infectious disease hospitalization was longer in the high MLR group (6.3 days per pyr) than in the low MLR group (2.8 days per pyr). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> A higher MLR is associated with increased risks of both CVD events and infectious disease hospitalization in dialysis patients.
|
|
