| 1. |
- Drab, Mitja, et al.
(author)
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Chapter Six - The role of membrane vesiculation and encapsulation in cancer diagnosis and therapy
- 2019
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In: Advances in Biomembranes and Lipid Self-Assembly. - : Elsevier. - 2451-9634. ; 29, s. 159-199
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We summarize recent findings and advances in cancer diagnostics in relation to extracellular vesicles (EVs) and emerging therapeutic options of nanomaterials. We revise the common mechanism for EV inception, vesiculation, through a physical model of the liquid mosaic membrane with laterally mobile membrane rafts that determine local spontaneous curvature. If such in-plane orientational ordering is present, we show that spatial non-homogeneities may trigger energetically favourable membrane vesiculation. In addition, we revise a novel technique of cancer therapy using multifunctional titanium nanobeads (NBs) that form a fully biocompatible system used for optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and selective reactive oxygen species photo-generation. We study the encapsulation of these functional NBs theoretically with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and find that the wrapping transition depends on the strength of mobile charges, giving insight into future functional optimization for maximum therapeutic benefit.
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| 2. |
- Hartl, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Cluster Superlattice Membranes
- 2020
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 14:10, s. 13629-13637
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cluster superlattice membranes consist of a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice of similar-sized nanoclusters sandwiched between single-crystal graphene and an amorphous carbon matrix. The fabrication process involves three main steps, the templated self-organization of a metal cluster superlattice on epitaxial graphene on Ir(111), conformal embedding in an amorphous carbon matrix, and subsequent lift-off from the Ir(111) substrate. The mechanical stability provided by the carbon-graphene matrix makes the membrane stable as a free-standing material and enables transfer to other substrates. The fabrication procedure can be applied to a wide variety of cluster materials and cluster sizes from the single-atom limit to clusters of a few hundred atoms, as well as other two-dimensional layer/host matrix combinations. The versatility of the membrane composition, its mechanical stability, and the simplicity of the transfer procedure make cluster superlattice membranes a promising material in catalysis, magnetism, energy conversion, and optoelectronics.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Schröder, Ulrike A, et al.
(author)
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Core level shifts of intercalated graphene
- 2017
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In: 2D Materials. - : IOP Publishing. - 2053-1583. ; 4:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Through intercalation of metals and gases the Dirac cone of graphene on Ir(111) can be shifted with respect to the Fermi level without becoming destroyed by strong hybridization. Here, we use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to measure the C 1s core level shift (CLS) of graphene in contact with a number of structurally well-defined intercalation layers (O, H, Eu, and Cs). By analysis of our own and additional literature data for decoupled graphene, the C 1s CLS is found to be a non-monotonic function of the doping level. For small doping levels the shifts are well described by a rigid band model. However, at larger doping levels, a second effect comes into play which is proportional to the transferred charge and counteracts the rigid band shift. Moreover, not only the position, but also the C 1s peak shape displays a unique evolution as a function of doping level. Our conclusions are supported by intercalation experiments with Li, with which, due to the absence of phase separation, the doping level of graphene can be continuously tuned.
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