| 1. |
- Engholm, Albin, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
-
The emerging technological innovation system of driverless trucks
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1465. ; , s. 145-149
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driving automation technology is attractive for the road freight transport sector since driverless trucks (DL-trucks) may drastically reduce driver costs, increase truck utilization and improve road safety. Although DL-trucks may bring significant impacts to the transport system, research on the future diffusion and impacts of DL-trucks is scarce compared to passenger transport. In this paper the sociotechnical innovation system developing, diffusing and utilizing DL-trucks in Sweden is analyzed based on the technological innovation systems (TIS) framework. The analysis is based on 20 expert interviews with a total of 23 representatives from 16 actors in the DL-truck TIS in Sweden. The TIS analysis shows that there are significant uncertainties in the timeline, operational capabilities, infrastructure requirements and regulative landscape for a widespread DL-truck deployment. There is a general view among the interviewees that DL-trucks is an important opportunity for Swedish industry and the economy. From a transport system perspective, DL-trucks are expected to bring sustainability benefits but it remains uncertain whether these benefits will be realized and what the negative side effects might be. The development of DL-trucks is heavily influenced by incumbent firms in the truck manufacturing industry but new actors from the telecom sector, energy sector and emerging truck technology companies are entering the area and shaping the development. The current relatively rigid institutions for truck manufacturing and road freight transport will require significant alignment to adapt to DL-truck operations in areas such as laws and regulations, business models and operational practices. The value chain of road freight transport may be disrupted as some of the current key actors, for instance traditional road carriers, could become less relevant in future DL-truck value chains. A critical uncertainty is how and by which actors the setting of requirements, deployment and financing of digital infrastructure for DL-trucks will be done.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ahmadpour, Doryaneh, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Inventory study of an early pandemic COVID- 19 cohort in South-Eastern Sweden, focusing on neurological manifestations
- 2023
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 18:1 January
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19 have been reported previously as outcomes of the infection. The purpose of current study was to investigate the occurrence of neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients, in the county ofÖstergötland in southeastern Sweden. Methods This is a retrospective, observational cohort study. Data were collected between March 2020 and June 2020. Information was extracted from medical records by a trained research assistant and physician and all data were validated by a senior neurologist. Results Seventy-four percent of patients developed at least one neurological symptom during the acute phase of the infection. Headache (43%) was the most common neurological symptom, followed by anosmia and/or ageusia (33%), confusion (28%), hallucinations (17%), dizziness (16%), sleep disorders in terms of insomnia and OSAS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) (9%), myopathy and neuropathy (8%) and numbness and tingling (5%). Patients treated in the ICU had a higher male presentation (73%). Several risk factors in terms of co-morbidities, were identified. Hypertension (54.5%), depression and anxiety (51%), sleep disorders in terms of insomnia and OSAS (30%), cardiovascular morbidity (28%), autoimmune diseases (25%), chronic lung diseases (24%) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (23%) founded as possible risk factors. Conclusion Neurological symptoms were found in the vast majority (74%) of the patients. Accordingly, attention to neurological, mental and sleep disturbances is warranted with involvement of neurological expertise, in order to avoid further complications and long-term neurological effect of COVID-19. Furthermore, risk factors for more severe COVID-19, in terms of possible co-morbidities that identified in this study should get appropriate attention to optimizing treatment strategies in COVID-19 patients.
|
|
| 3. |
- Aradottir, Sigridur Sunna, et al.
(författare)
-
Factor D Inhibition Blocks Complement Activation Induced by Mutant Factor B Associated With Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complement factor B (FB) mutant variants are associated with excessive complement activation in kidney diseases such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), C3 glomerulopathy and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Patients with aHUS are currently treated with eculizumab while there is no specific treatment for other complement-mediated renal diseases. In this study the phenotype of three FB missense variants, detected in patients with aHUS (D371G and E601K) and MPGN (I242L), was investigated. Patient sera with the D371G and I242L mutations induced hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. Mutagenesis was performed to study the effect of factor D (FD) inhibition on C3 convertase-induced FB cleavage, complement-mediated hemolysis, and the release of soluble C5b-9 from glomerular endothelial cells. The FD inhibitor danicopan abrogated C3 convertase-associated FB cleavage to the Bb fragment in patient serum, and of the FB constructs, D371G, E601K, I242L, the gain-of-function mutation D279G, and the wild-type construct, in FB-depleted serum. Furthermore, the FD-inhibitor blocked hemolysis induced by the D371G and D279G gain-of-function mutants. In FB-depleted serum the D371G and D279G mutants induced release of C5b-9 from glomerular endothelial cells that was reduced by the FD-inhibitor. These results suggest that FD inhibition can effectively block complement overactivation induced by FB gain-of-function mutations.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Berggren, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
-
Att utvärdera och använda resultaten – vilka avtryck ger bibliotekens utvärderingar i samhället?
- 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det har blivit allt viktigare för biblioteken att kunna visa på sin betydelse i samhället. Mätetal och utvärderingar är nödvändiga instrument för att kunna jämföra satsningar på biblioteken med satsningar på andra områden. Men finns det en synergi mellan mätetalen och verksamhetens planer och mål? Hur mäter vi måluppfyllese i biblioteksverksamheten? Finns det kvalitetsindikatorer som vi har gemensamma oavsett bibliotekstyp? Hur kan biblioteksstatistiken användas? Vad gör bibliotekens utvärderingar för avtryck i beslutsprocessen? Vad gör bibliotekens utvärderingar för avtryck i samhället?För att svara på frågorna ovan har expertgruppen påbörjat ett arbete med att kartlägga hur svenska bibliotek arbetar med utvärdering. I det arbetet har vi bland annat sett vikten av ett gemensamt språk mellan bibliotekstyperna i arbetet med utvärderingar och kvalitetsutveckling. Gruppen kommer att under år 2014 publicera ett utvärderingsverktyg för bibliotek. Där kan bibliotek finna vägledning och stöd i valet av utvärderingsmetod, i genomförandet och i nyttjandet av utvärderingars resultat i syfte att utveckla och synliggöra biblioteksverksamheten.I det här papret presenterar vi syftet med vårt arbete och den metod vi har använt samt mer ingående berättar om hur vi har tänkt kring det verktyg som vi i slutet av papret ger en beskrivning av – ett verktyg som går under namnet "Utvärderingshjälpen".Vid konferensen kommer vi att presentera hur en årscykel kan se ut vid ett bibliotek som väljer att använda sig av utvärderingsarbete och systematiskt kvalitetsutveckling i nära relation till måluppfyllelse och till dialog med beslutsfattare samt omgivande samhälle. Vi presenterar också hur "Utvärderingshjälpen" skall kunna användas som stöd i det arbetet.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Brackman, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
Thrombotic microangiopathy mimicking membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385 .- 0931-0509. ; 26:10, s. 3399-3403
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 4-year-old boy presented with proteinuria and developed progressive renal failure over 6 years. In the patient's family, five individuals were affected with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) but not the patient. Renal biopsies (n = 3) showed glomerular basement membrane thickening with double contours, endothelial swelling and deposits of C3 and C1q. Electron microscopy revealed mesangial and subendothelial electron-dense deposits. Complement mutations in membrane cofactor protein (Y155D) and C3 (R713W and G1094R) were detected in all affected family members. The patient also had transient autoantibodies to factor H. The findings suggest that aHUS and glomerulopathy resembling membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis may have a common molecular background.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Dickstein, Yaakov, et al.
(författare)
-
Multicentre open-label randomised controlled trial to compare colistin alone with colistin plus meropenem for the treatment of severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections (AIDA) : a study protocol
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has driven renewed interest in older antibacterials, including colistin. Previous studies have shown that colistin is less effective and more toxic than modern antibiotics. In vitro synergy studies and clinical observational studies suggest a benefit of combining colistin with a carbapenem. A randomised controlled study is necessary for clarification. Methods and analysis: This is a multicentre, investigator-initiated, open-label, randomised controlled superiority 1:1 study comparing colistin monotherapy with colistin-meropenem combination therapy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The study is being conducted in 6 centres in 3 countries (Italy, Greece and Israel). We include patients with hospital-associated and ventilator-associated pneumonia, bloodstream infections and urosepsis. The primary outcome is treatment success at day 14, defined as survival, haemodynamic stability, stable or improved respiratory status for patients with pneumonia, microbiological cure for patients with bacteraemia and stability or improvement of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Secondary outcomes include 14-day and 28-day mortality as well as other clinical end points and safety outcomes. A sample size of 360 patients was calculated on the basis of an absolute improvement in clinical success of 15% with combination therapy. Outcomes will be assessed by intention to treat. Serum colistin samples are obtained from all patients to obtain population pharmacokinetic models. Microbiological sampling includes weekly surveillance samples with analysis of resistance mechanisms and synergy. An observational trial is evaluating patients who met eligibility requirements but were not randomised in order to assess generalisability of findings. Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by ethics committees at each centre and informed consent will be obtained for all patients. The trial is being performed under the auspices of an independent data and safety monitoring committee and is included in a broad dissemination strategy regarding revival of old antibiotics.
|
|
