| 1. |
- Wallentin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A(2) Activity Is a Marker of Risk But Not a Useful Target for Treatment in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 5:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - We evaluated lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) activity in patients with stable coronary heart disease before and during treatment with darapladib, a selective Lp-PLA(2) inhibitor, in relation to outcomes and the effects of darapladib in the STABILITY trial.Methods and Results - Plasma Lp-PLA(2) activity was determined at baseline (n=14 500); at 1 month (n=13 709); serially (n=100) at 3, 6, and 18 months; and at the end of treatment. Adjusted Cox regression models evaluated associations between Lp-PLA(2) activity levels and outcomes. At baseline, the median Lp-PLA(2) level was 172.4 mu mol/min per liter (interquartile range 143.1-204.2 mu mol/min per liter). Comparing the highest and lowest Lp-PLA(2) quartile groups, the hazard ratios were 1.50 (95% CI 1.23-1.82) for the primary composite end point (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), 1.95 (95% CI 1.29-2.93) for hospitalization for heart failure, 1.42 (1.07-1.89) for cardiovascular death, and 1.37 (1.03-1.81) for myocardial infarction after adjustment for baseline characteristics, standard laboratory variables, and other prognostic biomarkers. Treatment with darapladib led to a approximate to 65% persistent reduction in median Lp-PLA(2) activity. There were no associations between on-treatment Lp-PLA(2) activity or changes of Lp-PLA(2) activity and outcomes, and there were no significant interactions between baseline and on-treatment Lp-PLA(2) activity or changes in Lp-PLA(2) activity levels and the effects of darapladib on outcomes.Conclusions - Although high Lp-PLA(2) activity was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, pharmacological lowering of Lp-PLA(2) activity by approximate to 65% did not significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease, regardless of the baseline level or the magnitude of change of Lp-PLA(2) activity.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping between different kinematic structures without absolute positioning during operation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 48:18, s. 1110-1112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When creating datasets for modelling of human skills based on training examples from human motion, one can encounter the problem that the kinematics of the robot does not match the human kinematics. Presented is a simple method of bypassing the explicit modelling of the human kinematics based on a variant of the self-organising map (SOM) algorithm. While the literature contains instances of SOM-type algorithms used for dimension reduction, this reported work deals with the inverse problem: dimension increase, as we are going from 4 to 5 degrees of freedom.
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| 3. |
- Bunz, Elsa, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial Augmented Reality and Eye Tracking for Evaluating Human Robot Interaction
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of RO-MAN 2016 Workshop.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freely moving autonomous mobile robots may leadto anxiety when operating in workspaces shared with humans.Previous works have given evidence that communicating in-tentions using Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) in the sharedworkspace will make humans more comfortable in the vicinity ofrobots. In this work, we conducted experiments with the robotprojecting various patterns in order to convey its movementintentions during encounters with humans. In these experiments,the trajectories of both humans and robot were recorded witha laser scanner. Human test subjects were also equipped withan eye tracker. We analyzed the eye gaze patterns and thelaser scan tracking data in order to understand how the robot’sintention communication affects the human movement behavior.Furthermore, we used retrospective recall interviews to aid inidentifying the reasons that lead to behavior changes.
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| 4. |
- Chadalavada, Ravi Teja, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Empirical evaluation of human trust in an expressive mobile robot
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of RSS Workshop "Social Trust in Autonomous Robots 2016".
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mobile robot communicating its intentions using Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) on the shared floor space makes humans feel safer and more comfortable around the robot. Our previous work [1] and several other works established this fact. We built upon that work by adding an adaptable information and control to the SAR module. An empirical study about how a mobile robot builds trust in humans by communicating its intentions was conducted. A novel way of evaluating that trust is presented and experimentally shown that adaption in SAR module lead to natural interaction and the new evaluation system helped us discover that the comfort levels between human-robot interactions approached those of human-human interactions.
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| 5. |
- Chadalavada, Ravi Teja, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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That’s on my Mind! : Robot to Human Intention Communication through on-board Projection on Shared Floor Space
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR). - New York : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467391634
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The upcoming new generation of autonomous vehicles for transporting materials in industrial environments will be more versatile, flexible and efficient than traditional AGVs, which simply follow pre-defined paths. However, freely navigating vehicles can appear unpredictable to human workers and thus cause stress and render joint use of the available space inefficient. Here we address this issue and propose on-board intention projection on the shared floor space for communication from robot to human. We present a research prototype of a robotic fork-lift equipped with a LED projector to visualize internal state information and intents. We describe the projector system and discuss calibration issues. The robot’s ability to communicate its intentions is evaluated in realistic situations where test subjects meet the robotic forklift. The results show that already adding simple information, such as the trajectory and the space to be occupied by the robot in the near future, is able to effectively improve human response to the robot.
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| 6. |
- Charusta, Krzysztof, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of independent contact regions on objects reconstructed from noisy real-world range data
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467314053 - 9781467314039 ; , s. 1338-1344
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis and evaluation of multi-fingered grasps on complex objects is a challenging problem that has received much attention in the robotics community. Although several promising approaches have been developed, applications to real-world systems are limited to simple objects or gripper configurations. The paradigm of Independent Contact Regions (ICRs) has been proposed as a way to increase the tolerance to grasp positioning errors. This concept is well established, though only on precise geometric object models. This work is concerned with the application of the ICR paradigm to models reconstructed from real-world range data. We propose a method for increasing the robustness of grasp synthesis on uncertain geometric models. The sensitivity of the ICR algorithm to noisy data is evaluated and a filtering approach is proposed to improve the quality of the final result.
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| 7. |
- Charusta, Krzysztof, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Independent contact regions based on a patch contact model
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467314053 - 9781467314039 ; , s. 4162-4169
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis of multi-fingered grasps on nontrivial objects requires a realistic representation of the contact between the fingers of a robotic hand and an object. In this work, we use a patch contact model to approximate the contact between a rigid object and a deformable anthropomorphic finger. This contact model is utilized in the computation of Independent Contact Regions (ICRs) that have been proposed as a way to compensate for shortcomings in the finger positioning accuracy of robotic grasping devices. We extend the ICR algorithm to account for the patch contact model and show the benefits of this solution.
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| 8. |
- Cronin, Meghan F., et al.
(författare)
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Air-sea fluxes with a focus on heat and momentum
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 Cronin, Gentemann, Edson, Ueki, Bourassa, Brown, Clayson, Fairall, Farrar, Gille, Gulev, Josey, Kato, Katsumata, Kent, Krug, Minnett, Parfitt, Pinker, Stackhouse, Swart, Tomita, Vandemark, Weller, Yoneyama, Yu and Zhang. Turbulent and radiative exchanges of heat between the ocean and atmosphere (hereafter heat fluxes), ocean surface wind stress, and state variables used to estimate them, are Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) and Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) influencing weather and climate. This paper describes an observational strategy for producing 3-hourly, 25-km (and an aspirational goal of hourly at 10-km) heat flux and wind stress fields over the global, ice-free ocean with breakthrough 1-day random uncertainty of 15 W m-2 and a bias of less than 5 W m-2. At present this accuracy target is met only at OceanSITES reference station moorings and research vessels (RVs) that follow best practices. To meet these targets globally, in the next decade, satellite-based observations must be optimized for boundary layer measurements of air temperature, humidity, sea surface temperature, and ocean wind stress. In order to tune and validate these satellite measurements, a complementary global in situ flux array, built around an expanded OceanSITES network of time series reference station moorings, is also needed. The array would include 500 - 1000 measurement platforms, including autonomous surface vehicles, moored and drifting buoys, RVs, the existing OceanSITES network of 22 flux sites, and new OceanSITES expanded in 19 key regions. This array would be globally distributed, with 1 - 3 measurement platforms in each nominal 10° by 10° boxes. These improved moisture and temperature profiles and surface data, if assimilated into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, would lead to better representation of cloud formation processes, improving state variables and surface radiative and turbulent fluxes from these models. The in situ flux array provides globally distributed measurements and metrics for satellite algorithm development, product validation, and for improving satellite-based, NWP and blended flux products. In addition, some of these flux platforms will also measure direct turbulent fluxes, which can be used to improve algorithms for computation of air-sea exchange of heat and momentum in flux products and models. With these improved air-sea fluxes, the ocean's influence on the atmosphere will be better quantified and lead to improved long-term weather forecasts, seasonal-interannual-decadal climate predictions, and regional climate projections.
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| 9. |
- Javaheripour, Nooshin, et al.
(författare)
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Altered resting-state functional connectome in major depressive disorder : a mega-analysis from the PsyMRI consortium
- 2021
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormal neural circuitry. It can be measured by assessing functional connectivity (FC) at resting-state functional MRI, that may help identifying neural markers of MDD and provide further efficient diagnosis and monitor treatment outcomes. The main aim of the present study is to investigate, in an unbiased way, functional alterations in patients with MDD using a large multi-center dataset from the PsyMRI consortium including 1546 participants from 19 centers (). After applying strict exclusion criteria, the final sample consisted of 606 MDD patients (age: 35.8 +/- 11.9 y.o.; females: 60.7%) and 476 healthy participants (age: 33.3 +/- 11.0 y.o.; females: 56.7%). We found significant relative hypoconnectivity within somatosensory motor (SMN), salience (SN) networks and between SMN, SN, dorsal attention (DAN), and visual (VN) networks in MDD patients. No significant differences were detected within the default mode (DMN) and frontoparietal networks (FPN). In addition, alterations in network organization were observed in terms of significantly lower network segregation of SMN in MDD patients. Although medicated patients showed significantly lower FC within DMN, FPN, and SN than unmedicated patients, there were no differences between medicated and unmedicated groups in terms of network organization in SMN. We conclude that the network organization of cortical networks, involved in processing of sensory information, might be a more stable neuroimaging marker for MDD than previously assumed alterations in higher-order neural networks like DMN and FPN.
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| 10. |
- Javed, Muhammad Ahsan, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of intensified chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in clinical routine in Europe
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pancreatology (Print). - : Elsevier. - 1424-3903 .- 1424-3911. ; 19:1, s. 97-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine is the standard chemotherapy for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MPA). Randomized clinical trials evaluating intensified chemotherapies including FOLFIRINOX and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (NAB+GEM) have shown improvement in survival. Here, we have evaluated the efficacy of intensified chemotherapy versus gemcitabine monotherapy in real-life settings across Europe.METHODS: A retrospective multi-center study including 1056 MPA patients, between 2012 and 2015, from nine centers in UK, Germany, Italy, Hungary and the Swedish registry was performed. Follow-up was at least 12 months. Cox proportional Harzards regression was used for uni- and multivariable evaluation of prognostic factors.RESULTS: Of 1056 MPA patients, 1030 (98.7%) were assessable for survival analysis. Gemcitabine monotherapy was the most commonly used regimen (41.3%), compared to FOLFIRINOX (n = 204, 19.3%), NAB+GEM (n = 81, 7.7%) and other gemcitabine- or 5-FU-based regimens (n = 335, 31.7%). The median overall survival (OS) was: FOLFIRINOX 9.9 months (95%CI 8.4-12.6), NAB+GEM 7.9 months (95%CI 6.2-10.0), other combinations 8.5 months (95%CI 7.7-9.3) and gemcitabine monotherapy 4.9 months (95%CI 4.4-5.6). Compared to gemcitabine monotherapy, any combination of chemotherapeutics improved the survival with no significant difference between the intensified regimens. Multivariable analysis showed an association between treatment center, male gender, inoperability at diagnosis and performance status (ECOG 1-3) with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION: Gemcitabine monotherapy was predominantly used in 2012-2015. Intensified chemotherapy improved OS in comparison to gemcitabine monotherapy. In real-life settings, the OS rates of different treatment approaches are lower than shown in randomized phase III trials.
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