| 1. |
- Aquino, Caroline D., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of test methodology on the characterization of the parallel-to-grain timber embedment strength and foundation modulus of dowels
- 2024
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Ingår i: Wood Material Science & Engineering. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1748-0272 .- 1748-0280.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reliable determination of the embedment strength and foundation modulus of timber elements is critical for the design and safety assessment of joints in timber structures. However, the existence of various test configurations for characterising the embedding properties of large diameter steel fasteners in timber elements poses challenges in directly comparing and utilising available test data. This paper aims to provide an insight into the influence of embedment property test methods, comparing experimental results from different test setups within the guidelines of the EN 383 and ASTM D 5764-97a standards for European softwood species, Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies). In addition to the test guidelines, the thickness of the specimen and the application of the load was evaluated within the protocols. A comprehensive statistical analysis was performed to identify statistically significant differences between the groups evaluated. The results of the analysis revealed disagreement between the standards in the evaluation of the strength of the embedding, highlighting the potential bias inserted by the experimental setup and protocol. Furthermore, it was proven that the thickness of the specimens influences both the embedding strength and the foundation modulus of the wood species tested. Finally, no distinctions were observed between tensile and compressive loading within the guidelines of the EN 383 standard.
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| 2. |
- Aquino, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Test Methods on the Parallel to Grain Embedment Strength and Foundation Modulus Characterization
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 13th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023. - Oslo, Norway : World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE). - 9781713873297 - 9781713873273 ; , s. 3667-3674
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different test setups have been reported in the literature for the determination of the embedment strengthin timber elements. These variances hinder a straightforward comparison between available test data. It is difficult todetermine if the source of variability lies in intrinsic timber properties or is related to the test protocol used. This paperaims to provide a better insight into the influence of embedment strength test methods, comparing experimental resultsfrom different test setups within the guidelines of EN 383 and ASTM D 5764-97a for Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris)and Spruce (Picea Abies). A robust statistical analysis was performed to identify statistically significant differencesbetween the groups evaluated. The analysis of the parallel to grain embedment strength showed that the results differedbetween standards, pointing out the potential bias inserted in the embedment properties given their evaluation method.Moreover, the thickness of the specimen tests also proved to influence the yield and ultimate embedment strength for thewood species tested.
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| 3. |
- Kržan, Meta, et al.
(författare)
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Protocols and Results Analysis Methods for Cyclic Tests of Timber Joints : A Discussion
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 13th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023. - Oslo, Norway : World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE). - 9781713873297 - 9781713873273 ; , s. 3685-3693
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current testing procedures for cyclic loading are quite flexible and the influence of fundamental testing parameters on the obtained load-deformation behaviour is often questioned (number and amplitude of the loading cycles, loading rate, number of specimens, etc.). On the other hand, different methods for data assessment have been used for the definition of stiffness, ductility, strength and stiffness degradation, as well as parameters for analytical and numerical models. However, reliable and well-established assessment methods are required, to support the safe and economic design of timber joints. Fundamental parameters for seismic design, such as ductility or strength degradation, cannot depend on the testing protocol and method for assessment of the data results. In this context, it is important to compare the most representative loading protocols, and assessment methods of the test results, through detailed analysis and discussion. Different types of timber connections, made of distinct materials and tested in different laboratories, must be evaluated. This work will be developed within the RILEM TC TPT, and this paper represents a first contribution to a needed discussion about the testing protocols to evaluate timber connections. In the end, it is expected to present proposals on how to characterize better the properties and behaviour of timber connections under cyclic loading and how to fully utilize their potential in design.
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