| 1. |
- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 2. |
- Kunze, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive Sampling-based View Planning under Time Constraints
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR). - 9781538610961 - 9781538610961
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planning for object search requires the generation and sequencing of views in a continuous space. These plans need to consider the effect of overlapping views and a limit imposed on the time taken to compute and execute the plans. We formulate the problem of view planning in the presence of overlapping views and time constraints as an Orienteering Problem with history-dependent rewards. We consider two variants of this problem-in variant (I) only the plan execution time is constrained, whereas in variant (II) both planning and execution time are constrained. We abstract away the unreliability of perception, and present a sampling-based view planner that simultaneously selects a set of views and a route through them, and incorporates a prior over object locations. We show that our approach outperforms the state of the art methods for the orienteering problem by evaluating all algorithms in four environments that vary in size and complexity.
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| 3. |
- Kunze, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Combining Top-down Spatial Reasoning and Bottom-up Object Class Recognition for Scene Understanding
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proc. of 2014 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on IntelligentRobots and Systems 2014. - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 2910-2915
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many robot perception systems are built to only consider intrinsic object features to recognise the class of an object. By integrating both top-down spatial relational reasoning and bottom-up object class recognition the overall performance of a perception system can be improved. In this paper we present a unified framework that combines a 3D object class recognition system with learned, spatial models of object relations. In robot experiments we show that our combined approach improves the classification results on real world office desks compared to pure bottom-up perception. Hence, by using spatial knowledge during object class recognition perception becomes more efficient and robust and robots can understand scenes more effectively.
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| 4. |
- Nilebäck, Erik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustic monitoring of changes in well-defined hyaluronan layers exposed to chondrocytes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0003-2654 .- 1364-5528. ; 139:21, s. 5350-5353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction of human-derived chondrocytes and thin hyaluronan layers was studied using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) technique combined with light microscopy. This approach allowed unique real-time monitoring of the interface between the cells and the sensor surface. Our results suggest that the hyaluronan layer is rapidly degraded by chondrocytes.
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| 5. |
- Omeiza, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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From Spoken Thoughts to Automated Driving Commentary : Predicting and Explaining Intelligent Vehicles' Actions
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781665488211 ; , s. 1040-1047
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In commentary driving, drivers verbalise their observations, assessments and intentions. By speaking out their thoughts, both learning and expert drivers are able to create a better understanding and awareness of their surroundings. In the intelligent vehicle context, automated driving commentary can provide intelligible explanations about driving actions, thereby assisting a driver or an end-user during driving operations in challenging and safety-critical scenarios. In this paper, we conducted a field study in which we deployed a research vehicle in an urban environment to obtain data. While collecting sensor data of the vehicle's surroundings, we obtained driving commentary from a driving instructor using the think-aloud protocol. We analysed the driving commentary and uncovered an explanation style; the driver first announces his observations, announces his plans, and then makes general remarks. He also makes counterfactual comments. We successfully demonstrated how factual and counterfactual natural language explanations that follow this style could be automatically generated using a transparent tree-based approach. Generated explanations for longitudinal actions (e.g., stop and move) were deemed more intelligible and plausible by human judges compared to lateral actions, such as lane changes. We discussed how our approach can be built on in the future to realise more robust and effective explainability for driver assistance as well as partial and conditional automation of driving functions.
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| 6. |
- Omeiza, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Explainable and Trustworthy Autonomous Physical Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts (CHI '21 Extended Abstracts). - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450380959
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The safe deployment of autonomous physical systems in real-world scenarios requires them to be explainable and trustworthy, especially in critical domains. In contrast with g€black-box' systems, explainable and trustworthy autonomous physical systems will lend themselves to easy assessments by system designers and regulators. This promises to pave ways for easy improvements that can lead to enhanced performance, and as well, increased public trust. In this one-day virtual workshop, we aim to gather a globally distributed group of researchers and practitioners to discuss the opportunities and social challenges in the design, implementation, and deployment of explainable and trustworthy autonomous physical systems, especially in a post-pandemic era. Interactions will be fostered through panel discussions and a series of spotlight talks. To ensure lasting impact of the workshop, we will conduct a pre-workshop survey which will examine the public perception of the trustworthiness of autonomous physical systems. Further, we will publish a summary report providing details about the survey as well as the identified challenges resulting from the workshop's panel discussions.
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| 7. |
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