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| 2. |
- Kurdve, Martin, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Increased recycling rates of construction and demolition waste through sustainable supply chain management
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the paper is to identify application areas of sustainable supply chain management in construction and demolition waste (CDW) material recycling. It was found that: 1) There are great improvement areas for sorting and collection concerning improved planning routines and increased involvement of the recycling company, differentiated solutions regarding logistics in different type of projects and measurement and following up system for waste management performance. 2) The waste flow mapping method is helpful in identifying improvement areas of CDW but need some adjustment. Research areas for further studies are manufacturing planning and control, packaging management and user psychology.
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| 3. |
- Landström, Anna, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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A life cycle approach to business performance measurement systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 126-133, s. 126-133
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Virtually every company has implemented a Business Performance Measurement System (BPMS) with the purpose of monitoring production and business performance and to execute the corporate strategy at all levels in a company. The purpose of this article is to shed light on common pitfalls related to the practical use of BPMS and further to present a life cycle model with the purpose of introducing structured approach to avoiding the pitfalls. The article contributes to further development of the BPMS life cycle concept and practical examples of how it can be used.
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| 4. |
- Shahbazi, Sasha, et al.
(författare)
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Material efficiency in manufacturing: swedish evidence on potential, barriers and strategies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 127, s. 438-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improved material efficiency is a key to improve the circular economy and capturing value in industry. Material efficiency reduces the generation of industrial waste, the extraction and consumption of resources, and energy demands and carbon emissions. However, material efficiency in the manufacturing sector, as a means of improving the recyclability, reusability, reduction and prevention of industrial waste, is little understood. This study aims to investigate, on a micro-level, further material efficiency improvement opportunities, barriers and strategies in selected manufacturing companies in Sweden, focusing on increasing waste segregation into high quality circulated raw material. Improvement opportunities at large global manufacturing companies are investigated; barriers hindering material efficiency improvement are identified and categorized at two levels; and strategies that have been deployed at manufacturing companies are reviewed. Empirical findings reveal (1) further potential for improving material efficiency through higher segregation of residual material from mixed and low quality fractions (on average, 26% of the content of combustible waste, in weight, was plastics; 8% and 6% were paper and cardboard, respectively); (2) the most influential barriers are within budgetary, information, management, employee, engineering, and communication clusters; (3) a lack of actual material efficiency strategy implementation in the manufacturing companies. According to our analysis, the majority of barriers are internal and originate within the manufacturing companies, therefore they can be managed (and eradicated if possible) with sufficient resources in terms of man hours, education and investment, better operational and environmental (waste) management, better internal communication and information sharing, and deployment of material efficiency strategies.
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| 5. |
- Shahbazi, Sasha, et al.
(författare)
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Material efficiency measurement : Swedish case studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 181, s. 17-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major factor in the continued deterioration of the global environment is unsustainable management of resources that includes the type and quantity of resources consumed and manufactured as well as the subsequent generation and treatment of wasted materials. Improved material efficiency (ME) in manufacturing is key to reducing resource consumption levels and improving waste management initiatives. However, ME must be measured, and related goals must be broken down into performance indicators for manufacturing companies. This paper aims to improve ME in manufacturing using a structured model for ME performance measurements. We present a set of ME key performance indicators (ME-KPIs) at the individual company and lower operational levels based on empirical studies and a structured literature review. Our empirical findings are based on data collected on the performance indicators and material and waste flows of nine manufacturing companies located in Sweden. The proposed model categorizes ME-KPIs into the following categories: productive input materials, auxiliary input materials, output products, and residual output materials. These categories must be measured equally to facilitate the measurement, assessment, improvement and reporting of material consumption and waste generation in a manufacturing context. Required qualities for ME-KPI suggested in literature are also discussed, and missing indicators are identified. Most of the identified ME-KPIs measure quality- and cost-related factors, while end-of-life scenarios, waste segregation and the environmental effects of waste generation and material consumption are not equally measured. Additionally, ME-KPIs must also be connected to pre-determined goals and that defining or revising ME-KPIs requires communication with various external and internal actors to increase employees’ awareness and engagement.
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| 6. |
- Shahbazi, Sasha, et al.
(författare)
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Material Efficiency Measurement: Empirical Investigation of Manufacturing Industry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 8, s. 112-120, s. 112-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improving material efficiency contributes to reduce the volume of industrial waste as well as resource consumption. However, less has been published addressing on what to measure for material efficiency in a manufacturing company. This paper presents the current practice of material efficiency performance indicators in a manufacturing context through a bottom-up approach. In addition to literature review, the empirical data was collected via a multiple case study at seven global manufacturing companies located in Sweden. The results show that existing material efficiency indicators are limited and are mainly measured as a cost or quality parameter rather than environment. The limited number of measurements relates to the fact that material efficiency is not considered as a central business in manufacturing companies and is managed by environmental department with limited correlation to operation. Additionally, these measurements do not aim to reduce waste volume or improve homogeneity of generated waste.
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| 7. |
- Shahbazi, Sasha, et al.
(författare)
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Using the Green Performance Map: Towards Material Efficiency Measurement
- 2019
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Ingår i: Operations Management and Sustainability. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319932118 - 9783319932125 ; , s. 247-269, s. 247-269
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous environmental studies indicate several barriers to circular economy and material efficiency including a lack of detailed methodologies for manufacturing improvement in terms of environmental and operational performances to measure, monitor and evaluate material consumption and waste generation. A lean and green tool, the green performance map (GPM), is an appropriate tool for different environmental initiatives including training, improvement, reporting and development. Through literature review and multiple case study methodology, this chapter presents the current application of GPM in industry and its usage to regularly measure and monitor material efficiency measurements on different levels and to remove barriers to improved material efficiency.
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| 8. |
- Zackrisson, Mats, 1958-
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of electric vehicle batteries and new technologies
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Electrification of vehicles has for decades been explored as a possible solution to the problem of climate change. Today, in 2021, the issue is no longer whether the electrification of vehicle fleets ought to happen but rather how it can be achieved with as little environmental impact as possible.The objective of this thesis is therefore to facilitate the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) for the evaluation and improvement of the environmental performance of electric vehicle traction batteries. The lack of LCA data on several traction battery chemistries and some associated LCA methodological difficulties have been identified as important research gaps. The broader purpose of this thesis is to contribute to sustainable industrial and societal change that involves new technologies.This thesis examines three research questions related to LCA in new technology introduction: (1) LCA data issues regarding present and future lithium traction battery chemistries. (2) LCA methodological issues regarding present and future lithium traction battery chemistries. (3) Use of LCA in product and production development to advance the introduction of sustainable consumption and production of any new technology. The results emphasise e.g. to always include the use phase in LCA traction battery studies and to improve battery energy density but not to the detriment of battery internal efficiency. Furthermore, it points to use two abiotic depletion measures to reflect scarce materials in both the short term and the long term. Additionally, it is recommended to calculate the results for all relevant functional units, because it facilitates comparisons and reflection, to choose environmental impact categories for traction batteries from a ranking list, as well as to use chemical risk assessment from a life cycle perspective to complement and develop within-LCA toxicity impact methods. To some extent, the above results are applicable for most development of new technology. A general recommendation for all technology development striving to include LCA is to use screening LCA, chemical risk assessment and idea generation in early phases to help build engagement, competence and data for a full LCA in later phases.
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| 9. |
- Bellgran, Monica, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Cost driven Green Kaizen in pharmaceutical production - Creating positive engagement for environmental improvements
- 2019
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 81, s. 1219-1224
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case study of green kaizen is presented demonstrating results of how to engage operators and management in environmental improvements on the shop-floor by utilizing a method, the Green Performance Map, in a pharmaceutical manufacturing company. The method involves identification of improvement possibilities, an input-output model for visualization (to reach consensus), and a cost saving approach for prioritization of actions (to attain force to take the step). The paper sets out to demonstrate how operationalization is needed to change behaviour, and points at the advantage of utilizing cost as a driver for environmental change.
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