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- Lagerholm, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive detection of c-myc p64, c-myc p67 and c-erbb-2 in colorectal cancer
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 40:11, s. 1343-1350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality in the industrialized nations in the West. Because mortality is closely related to the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, detection at an early stage is likely to result in improved recovery rates. Since current diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy are invasive and the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) lacks sensitivity and specificity for the detection of early lesions, the development of non-invasive methods based on molecular markers of neoplasia can lead to earlier diagnosis and more favorable outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer. Recent advances in the technology for isolating colonocytes from stool (SCSR ( somatic cell sampling and recovery)) provide a non-invasive tool for the study of biomarkers expressed in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to detect mRNA expression of three biomarkers: (c-erbb-2 and two forms of c-myc: p64 and p67) in fecal colonocytes and to evaluate its use in diagnosing colorectal cancer. Material and methods. Colonocytes ( SCSR cells) were isolated from stools from 30 subjects: 15 colorectal cancer patients and 15 normal controls. One cancer patient was excluded from the final data analysis because the tumor was a gastrointestinal lymphoma. Each sample yielded two fractions: a pellet and an interphase. Expression of c-myc p64, c-myc p67 and c-erbb-2 mRNA was evaluated in each of the fractions by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A marker was considered positive upon detecting an amplicon of the expected size in agarose gel electrophoresis. Results. c-myc p64 mRNA expression was observed in both fractions in 78.5% of colorectal cancer patients, compared with 13.3% in the control group ( p = 0.009). For c-myc p67, 78.6% of the colorectal cancer patients showed mRNA expression in both fractions in comparison with only 13.3% of the controls ( p = 0.003). C-erbb-2 showed no significant difference in mRNA expression between colorectal cancer and controls. When the data were analyzed for co-expression of c-myc p64 and c-myc p67, in both pellet and interphase, sensitivity was 64% and specificity was 100%. Conclusions. Fecal colonocytes isolated by somatic cell sampling and recovery ( SCSR) technology could be used for the non-invasive assessment of the expression of biomarkers of colon cancer such as c-myc p64, c-myc p67 and c-erbb-2. The expression of c-myc p64 and c-myc p67 in colonocytes showed a significant association with colorectal cancer and may be helpful as a biomarker for the non-invasive detection of colorectal cancer.
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- Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic history of Scandinavia from the Roman Iron Age to the present
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 186:1, s. 32-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate a 2,000-year genetic transect through Scandinavia spanning the Iron Age to the present, based on 48 new and 249 published ancient genomes and genotypes from 16,638 modern individuals. We find regional variation in the timing and magnitude of gene flow from three sources: the eastern Baltic, the British-Irish Isles, and southern Europe. British-Irish ancestry was widespread in Scandinavia from the Viking period, whereas eastern Baltic ancestry is more localized to Gotland and central Sweden. In some regions, a drop in current levels of external ancestry suggests that ancient immigrants contributed proportionately less to the modern Scandinavian gene pool than indicated by the ancestry of genomes from the Viking and Medieval periods. Finally, we show that a north-south genetic cline that characterizes modern Scandinavians is mainly due to the differential levels of Uralic ancestry and that this cline existed in the Viking Age and possibly earlier.
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