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- De Greef, Julien, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for Nocardia infection among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients : A case-control study of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Infection. - : Elsevier. - 0163-4453 .- 1532-2742. ; 88:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesNocardiosis is a rare but life-threatening infection after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We aimed at identifying risk factors for nocardiosis after allogeneic HCT and clarifying the effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis on its occurrence.MethodsWe performed a retrospective multicenter case-control study of patients diagnosed with nocardiosis after allogeneic HCT between January 2000 and December 2018. For each case, two controls were matched by center, transplant date, and age group. Multivariable analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression to identify potential risk factors for nocardiosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves of cases and controls were compared using log-rank tests.ResultsSixty-four cases and 128 controls were included. Nocardiosis occurred at a median of 9 months after allogeneic HCT (interquartile range: 5–18). After adjustment for potential confounders in a multivariable model, Nocardia infection was associated with tacrolimus use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.9, 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]: 1.6–62.7), lymphocyte count < 500/µL (aOR 8.9, 95 % CI: 2.3–34.7), male sex (aOR 8.1, 95 % CI: 2.1–31.5), recent use of systemic corticosteroids (aOR 7.9, 95 % CI: 2.2–28.2), and recent CMV infection (aOR 4.3, 95 % CI: 1.2–15.9). Conversely, use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis was associated with a significantly decreased risk of nocardiosis (aOR 0.2, 95 % CI: 0.1–0.8). HCT recipients who developed nocardiosis had a significantly decreased survival, as compared with controls (12-month survival: 58 % and 90 %, respectively; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsWe identified six factors independently associated with the occurrence of nocardiosis among allogeneic HCT recipients. In particular, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis was found to protect against nocardiosis.
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| 2. |
- Weber, Tim, et al.
(författare)
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Potential-Induced Pitting Corrosion of an IrO2(110)-RuO2(110)/Ru(0001) Model Electrode under Oxygen Evolution Reaction Conditions
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 9:7, s. 6530-6539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sophisticated IrO2(110)-based model electrodes are prepared by deposition of a 10 nm thick single-crystalline IrO2(110) layer supported on a structure-directing RuO2(110)/Ru(0001) template, exposing a regular array of mesoscopic rooflike structures. With this model electrode together with the dedicated in situ synchrotron based techniques (SXRD, XRR) and ex situ characterization techniques (SEM, ToF-SIMS, XPS), the corrosion process of IrO2(110) in an acidic environment (pH 0.4) is studied on different length scales. Potential-induced pitting corrosion starts at 1.48 V vs SHE and is initiated at so-called surface grain boundaries, where three rotational domains of IrO2(110) meet. The most surprising result is, however, that even when the electrode potential is increased to 1.94 V vs SHE 60-70% of the IrO2 film still stays intact down to the mesoscale and atomic scale and no uniform thinning of the IrO2(110) layer is encountered. Neither flat IrO2(110) terraces nor single steps are attacked. Ultrathin single-crystalline IrO2(110) layers seem to be much more stable to anodic corrosion than hitherto expected.
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