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| 2. |
- Alm, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Tungsten oxide nanoparticles synthesised by laser assisted homogeneous gas-phase nucleation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332. ; 247:1-4, s. 262-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tungsten oxide nanoparticles were generated by excimer (ArF) laser assisted chemical vapor deposition from WF6/H2/O2/Ar gas mixtures. The deposited particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The deposition rate as a function of the partial pressures of the reactants and of the laser fluence was measured by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The mean diameter of the deposited tungsten oxide particles varied with the experimental parameters and was typically 23 nm. Particles with a higher degree of crystallinity were observed at a laser fluence exceeding 130 mJ/cm2, and X-ray amorphous particles were obtained below 110 mJ/cm2. The amorphous tungsten oxide had a stoichiometry ranging from WO2.7 to WO3. Deposits were formed only when hydrogen was present in the gas mixture.
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| 3. |
- Aripaka, Karthik, 1986-
(författare)
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Studies on the biological functions of interaction between components in Wnt, TGF-β and HIF pathways for cancer progression
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cancer is a disease that involves aggressive changes in the genome and aberrant signals between the living cells. Signalling pathways such as TGF-β (Transforming growth factor-β), Wnt, EGF (epidermal growth factor) and HIF (Hypoxia-inducible factor) evolved to regulate growth and development in mammals. These factors are also implicated for tumorigenesis due to failure or aberrant expression of components in these pathways. Cancer progression is a multistep process, and these steps reflect genetic alterations driving the progressive transformation of healthy human cells into highly malignant derivatives. Many types of cancers are diagnosed in the human population, such as head & neck, cervical, brain, liver, colon, prostate, uterine, breast, and renal cell cancer.Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the foremost leading cancer-related deaths in men in the world. Aberrant Wnt3a signals promote cancer progression through the accumulation of β-Catenin. In the first paper, we have elucidated intriguing functions for Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) as a coregulatory factor for the expression of Wnt-target genes which was confirmed in vivo by using CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing, in zebrafish. Our data suggest that Wnt3a promotes TRAF6 interaction with Wnt components, and TRAF6 is required for gene expression of β-Catenin as well as for the Wnt-ligand co-receptor LRP5. From the in vivo studies, we elucidated positive regulation of TRAF6, which is crucial for survival and development of zebrafish. This study identifies TRAF6 as an evolutionary conserved co-regulatory protein in the Wnt pathway that also promotes the progression of prostate and colorectal cancer due to its positive effects on Wnt3a signalling.Hypoxia is a condition due to O2 deprivation, and Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) transcription factors are responsible for the maintenance of oxygen homeostasis in living cells. Irregularities in these HIF transcription factors trigger pathological cellular responses for initiation and progression of malignant cancers. Renal cell carcinoma, malignant cancer arising in renal parenchyma and renal pelvis and, hypoxia plays a vital role in its progression. In the second paper, we have investigated the clinicopathological relevance of several hypoxic and TGF-β component proteins such as HIF-1α/2α/3α, TGF-β type 1 receptor (ALK5-FL) and the intracellular domain of ALK5 (ALK5-ICD), SNAI1 and PAI-1 with patient survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We showed that HIF-2α associated with low cancer-specific survival. HIF-2α and SNAI1 positively correlated with ALK5-ICD, pSMAD2/3, PAI-1 and SNAI1 with HIF-2α; HIF-1α positively correlated with pSMAD2/3. Further, under normoxic conditions, our data suggest that ALK5 interacts with HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and promotes their expression and target genes such as GLUT1 and CA9, in a VHL dependent manner through its kinase activity. These findings shed light on the critical aspect of cross-talk between TGF-β signalling and hypoxia pathway, and also the novel finding of an interaction between ALK5 and HIF-α might provide a more in-depth understanding of mechanisms behind tumour progressionIn the third paper, an ongoing study, we investigated the role of HIF-3α in the progression of Renal cell carcinoma and its association with the components of TGF-β and HIF pathways. We have observed increased levels of HIF-3α in ccRCC and pRCC (papillary renal cell carcinoma) which are associated with advanced tumour stage, metastasis and larger tumours. Also, we found HIF-3α show a significant positive association with pro-invasive gene SNAI1, which is a crucial regulator of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. TRAF6 an E3 ligase known to be a prognostic marker in RCC and we observed HIF-3α associates with TRAF6.
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| 4. |
- Edberg, Anna-Karin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion
- 2013
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Ingår i: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144071459 ; , s. 15-27, s. 25-30, s. 9-18, s. 7-11
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Elihn, Karine, et al.
(författare)
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Size and structure of nanoparticles formed via ultraviolet photolysis of ferrocene
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 101:3, s. 034311-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron nanoparticles enclosed in carbon shells were formed by laser-assisted chemical vapor decomposition of ferrocene (Fe(C5H5)2) vapor in Ar gas atmosphere. The particle size dependence on the total ambient gas pressure and on laser fluence of the pulsed ArF excimer laser was examined and, e.g., an effective size decrease of the iron core was observed at elevated laser fluences. Characterizations of the iron and carbon microstructures were performed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, while relative iron deposition rates were measured by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Both -Fe and -Fe phases were found for the single crystalline iron cores, surrounded by graphitic (inner) and amorphous (outer) carbon layers. The temperature rise of the laser-excited particles was also determined by optical spectroscopy of the emitted thermal radiation, which allowed an estimation of the iron loss of the nanoparticles due to evaporation. The estimated and measured iron losses are in good agreement.
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| 6. |
- Hamark, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Ethyl 3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-N-phthalimido-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E. - 1600-5368. ; E66, s. o3250-o3251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the title compound, C30H31NO6S, the plane of the N-phthalimido group is nearly orthogonal to the least-squares plane of the sugar ring (defined by atoms C2, C3, C5 and O5 using standard glucose nomenclature), making a dihedral angle of 72.8 (1)°. The thioethyl group has the exo-anomeric conformation. The hydroxy group forms an intermolecular hydrogen bond to the O atom in the sugar ring, generating [100] chains. There are four close - contacts with centroid-centroid distances less than 4.0 Å, all with dihedral angles between the interacting systems of only 8°, supporting energetically favourable stacking interactions
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Heszler, P, et al.
(författare)
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Formation and emission spectroscopy of laser-generated nanoparticles
- 2002
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Ingår i: Smart materials and structures. - : IOP Publishing. - 0964-1726 .- 1361-665X. ; 11, s. 631-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fe nanoparticles, with both fcc and bcc structures and with a C shell that protects against oxidation, were generated by the laser-assisted photolytic chemical vapor decomposition of ferrocene (FeCp2). Amorphous W and WN0,3 nanoparticles were formed by laser ablation (LA) of solid W in Ar and in N2 ambient, respectively. Laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition of W yielded crystalline W nanoparticles (β phase) from a WF6/H2/Ar gas mixture. ArF excimer laser was used as the radiation source in all the experiments. Measurements and analysis of the emitted blackbody-like radiation from the laser heated particles were performed and dominant cooling processes such as evaporation and heat transfer by the ambient gases were identified. The particles could be heated up to the boiling and melting point of Fe and W, respectively. Lognormal particle size distributions were found for Fe/C and W nanoparticles generated by vapor decomposition or deposition processes respectively, and then modeled at low particle concentration (with no coagulation). The thickness of the C shell was practically independent of the laser fluence, while the size of the Fe core could be varied for the Fe/C particles. The LA yielded no lognormal-type distribution for the amorphous WN0,3 particles.
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| 9. |
- Heszler, P., et al.
(författare)
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Laser-Induced Synthesis of Nanostructured Thin Films
- 2007
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 253:19, s. 8292-8299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a number of important characteristics of laser techniques for preparation of nanostructured thin films with foci on laser ablation (LA) and laser-assisted chemical vapor decomposition (LCVD). Size-related features and structures of the deposited layers are associated with process parameters. Whenever possible, the performance of the deposits is compared to that of films prepared by other methods (e.g., physical vapor synthesis such as gas deposition, sputtering, etc.). The LA and LCVD methods allow a wide variety of materials to be prepared. A number of promising applications emerge when one combines this versatility with the potential for making certain types of nanostructured layers. These possibilities are also discussed.
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| 10. |
- Isaksson, Anders, 1965-
(författare)
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Studies on the venture capital process
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of an introductory part, including venture capital definitions, the history of venture capital in Sweden, and an overview of the venture capital process, and four self-contained papers on venture capital and the venture capital process.Paper 1 investigates the standardisation of the contractual strategies applied in the Swedish venture capital industry. The study was based on a questionnaire data regarding the use of contractual covenants. Our results indicate that the greatest differences occur among those with different investment preferences. There would appear to be two distinct venture capital cultures controlling contractual choices in these groups. Our findings generally conform to expectations as predicated by institutional theory.Paper 2 investigate venture capital firms’ valuation practices in two different economic contexts, in the economic boom of 1999 and in the downturn market of 2002 by using an experimental case study design with a case based on a real firm. Contrary to our expectations, in times of heightened stringency and economic downturn, venture capital investors employ fewer valuation models than they do in boom times. The main contribution of our research is an increase in the knowledge of venture capitalists’ valuation practices under different market conditions. It can also contribute to researchers developing more relevant theories of valuation, valuation models and valuation practice.Paper 3 empirically examines the linkage between governance, trust and performance based on a questionnaire sent to entrepreneurs in venture capital backed companies in Sweden. The results suggest that the level of trust between the venture capitalist and the entrepreneur affects the relationship between VCs governance and the portfolio company’s performance.Paper 4 analyse exit strategies and exit-directed activities among entrepreneurs in venture capital relationships. The study focuses on the effect of the venture capital organization (independent, public sector and captive) on strategy and exit-directed activities. The results indicate that firms with a trade sale strategy tend to have a higher degree of exit activities compared to other exit strategies. Furthermore, the type of venture capital organization involved (especially when comparing private independent VCs to public sector VCs) also affects exit strategies and activities.
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