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- ODonnell, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Psychological Science. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1745-6916 .- 1745-6924. ; 13:2, s. 268-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998) reported that participants primed with a category associated with intelligence (professor) subsequently performed 13% better on a trivia test than participants primed with a category associated with a lack of intelligence (soccer hooligans). In two unpublished replications of this study designed to verify the appropriate testing procedures, Dijksterhuis, van Knippenberg, and Holland observed a smaller difference between conditions (2%-3%) as well as a gender difference: Men showed the effect (9.3% and 7.6%), but women did not (0.3% and -0.3%). The procedure used in those replications served as the basis for this multilab Registered Replication Report. A total of 40 laboratories collected data for this project, and 23 of these laboratories met all inclusion criteria. Here we report the meta-analytic results for those 23 direct replications (total N = 4,493), which tested whether performance on a 30-item general-knowledge trivia task differed between these two priming conditions (results of supplementary analyses of the data from all 40 labs, N = 6,454, are also reported). We observed no overall difference in trivia performance between participants primed with the professor category and those primed with the hooligan category (0.14%) and no moderation by gender.
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- Zheng, Bangxiao, et al.
(författare)
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Urbanisation shapes microbial community composition and functional attributes more so than vegetation type in urban greenspaces across climatic zones
- 2024
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Ingår i: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0038-0717 .- 1879-3428. ; 191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanisation, as a global driver of change, modifies the natural environment with well-known consequences to biological communities. Under natural conditions, vegetation drives soil processes in concert with the soil microbial community in their rhizosphere. It remains unclear whether and how vegetation influences these communities in heavily disturbed urban systems where many ecosystem services are also strictly linked to soils and their biota. Here, we used amplicon sequencing and GeoChip arrays to study soil microbiota responses to urbanisation and tree functional types across climatic zones. Our data show that soil microbial communities vary widely across biomes, yet urban parks have compositionally unique microbial communities that are distinct from semi-natural forests. Neither functional trait richness nor functional gene relative abundances responded clearly to urbanization or vegetation type. Despite functional redundancy, vegetation type did affect soil communities compositionally. Soils under trees producing recalcitrant litter had a higher richness of fungal species than the labile ones, whereas lawns, despite of their structural simplicity, had an unexpectedly high diversity of bacteria and fungi. In summary, despite distinct differences in the soil microbiota across biomes, urbanisation and vegetation type have similar effects on structuring microbial communities within biomes. However, the urban soil microbiota, irrespective of the plant functional type they associate with, are functionally comparable to those in semi-natural forests, suggesting functional redundancy within this unique microbiota.
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