| 1. |
- Acs, Zoltán J., et al.
(författare)
-
Entrepreneurship, culture, and the epigenetic revolution : a research note
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 56:4, s. 1287-1307
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show how the type of alcohol consumed is related to the type of entrepreneurship present for economies in Europe. We differentiate between beer-, wine-, and spirit-drinking countries and distinguish between productive, unproductive, and destructive entrepreneurship. The underlying links do not emerge from drinking per se but rather the drinking habits and taste for beverage types capture deep cultural features and cultural similarities amongst the countries. Societies that prefer to drink beer are closer to each other culturally than those which prefer drinking wine or spirits. Therefore, the taste for alcohol type is merely an instrument in explaining cultural and institutional differences across entrepreneurship. Broadly speaking, beer-drinking countries are characterized by higher shares of productive entrepreneurship, wine-drinking countries with unproductive entrepreneurship, and spirit-drinking countries with destructive entrepreneurship. We discuss mechanisms in which the results are found and highlight a new research agenda, emphasizing the potential role of epigenetics.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Malmö/Köpenhamn : kluster, samverkan, investeringar
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna vetenskapliga rapport är ett kunskapsunderlag framtaget för Tillväxtkommissionen för ett inkluderande och hållbart Malmö.Kommunstyrelsen i Malmö beslutade i oktober 2020 att tillsätta Tillväxtkommissionen, som är politiskt oberoende. Målet med kommissionens arbete är att ge kommunstyrelsen ett analytiskt och vetenskapligt grundat underlag med förslag för att på medellång och lång sikt förbättra förutsättningar för en inkluderande och hållbar tillväxt i Malmö. Förslagen och rekommendationerna ska vara policydrivande och realiserbara. Kommissionen ska analysera förutsättningarna för hållbar tillväxt i Malmö och utifrån Malmös utmaningar analysera orsaker och samband samt identifiera vad som är påverkbart av vem/vilka och hur.Författarna till kunskapsunderlagsrapporterna är ansvariga för innehållet i sina rapporter. De slutsatser, förslag och rekommendationer som redovisas i rapporterna behöver inte vara de som kommer att redovisas i Tillväxtkommissionens slutrapport. I slutrapporten kommer helhetsbilden, baserad på samtliga underlag, andra relevanta rapporter och analyser och dialog med olika aktörer, att styra vad kommissionen till slut anser vara mest angeläget att föreslå för att åstadkomma en inkluderande och hållbar tillväxt i Malmö.
|
|
| 3. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Employees' entrepreneurial human capital and firm performance
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 52:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a new measure of human capital, defined as employees' former involvement in entrepreneurship. Such entrepreneurial human capital (EHC) complements traditional human capital measures accumulated through work experience and education. Using detailed longitudinal register data, we track the previous years of entrepreneurial experience for the population of employees in Swedish private sector firms. We provide evidence that higher EHC among employees is associated with significantly higher levels of firm productivity. The baseline result implies that a 10 % increase in employees being former entrepreneurs increases firm-level productivity by 3.9 %. Additionally, we provide evidence that heterogeneity in employees' previous entrepreneurial experience (e.g., the reason for entering and exiting entrepreneurship, type of venture, length of entrepreneurial experiences, and relatedness of technology) influences the impact of EHC on productivity. The results are shown to be robust to various estimation techniques, alternative definitions of EHC, and other performance measures. © 2022 The Authors
|
|
| 4. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Entreprenöriellt humankapitaloch produktivitet
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - : Nationalekonomiska föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; 51:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vi introducerar en ny produktionsfaktor baserat på anställdas tidigare erfarenheter som entreprenörer (EHC) för samtliga svenska aktiebolag under perioden2009–18. Det kan jämföras med andra humankapitalmått som utbildning ellerarbetslivserfarenhet. Därefter analyseras empiriskt sambandet mellan EHCoch produktivitet på företagsnivå samtidigt som vi tar hänsyn till ett stort antalindivid- och företagsspecifika faktorer. Resultaten visar att EHC har en starkpositiv effekt på företagens produktivitet oavsett vilka kontrollvariabler somadderas, skattningsmetod eller alternativa EHC-mått. Det bidrar till att förståskillnaderna i företagens produktivitet och är relevant för såväl företagare sombeslutsfattare inom politiken, tex vad gäller rörlighet på arbetsmarknaden.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Desai, Sameeksha, et al.
(författare)
-
Entry Regulation and Persistence of Profits in Incumbent Firms
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Review of Industrial Organization. - : SPRINGER. - 0889-938X .- 1573-7160. ; 57:3, s. 537-558
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In line with the theory of creative destruction, industries where incumbent firms generate high profits will attract entry, which should drive down profits. This disciplinary effect of entry implies that profits above the norm should not exist in the long run. Factors that affect entry-such as entry regulations-could affect this profits convergence process. Using an unbalanced panel of firm- and country-level data for approximately 13,000 firms in 33 countries between 2005 and 2013, we examine the profit dynamics of incumbent firms in the context of entry and entry regulations.
|
|
| 8. |
- Eklund, Johan, Professor, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Persistence of profits in the EU : How competitive are EU member countries?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Empirica. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0340-8744 .- 1573-6911. ; 46:2, s. 327-351
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Profits that persist above or below the norm for prolonged periods of time reveal a lack of competition and imply a systematic misallocation of resources. Competition, if unimpeded, should restore profits to normal levels within a relatively short time frame. The dynamics of profits can thus reveal a great deal about the competitiveness of an economy. This paper estimates the persistence of profits across the European Union (EU), which adds to our understanding of the competitiveness of 18 EU member states. By using a sample of approximately 4700 firms with 51,000 observations across the time period of 1995–2013, we find differences in the persistence of short-run profits, implying that there are differences in competitiveness across the EU. The Czech Republic and Greece are among the countries with the highest profit persistence, whereas the United Kingdom is among those with the lowest persistence of profits. Furthermore, we provide evidence that there are significant permanent rents present in the EU across countries as well as in the different broad sectors across the EU. © 2018 The Author(s)
|
|
| 9. |
- Eklund, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Persistence of profits in the EU : How competitive are EU member countries?
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Profits that persist above or below the norm for prolonged periods of time revile a lack of competition and imply systematic misallocation of resources. Competition, if unimpeded, should restore profits to normal levels within a relatively short time frame. The dynamics of profits can thus reveal a great deal about the competitiveness of an economy. This paper estimates the persistence of profits across the European Union (EU), which adds to our understanding of the competitiveness of 19 EU-member states. By using a sample of approximately 5,500 firms with 54,000 observations across the time period of 1995 to 2013, we find differences in the persistence of short-run profits, implying that there are differences in competitiveness across the EU. Hungary and Greece are amongst the countries with the highest profit persistence, whereas the United Kingdom exhibits among the lowest persistence of profits. Furthermore, we provide evidence that there are significant permanent rents present in EU.
|
|
| 10. |
- Eklund, Johan, Professor, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Product regulations and persistence of profits : OECD evidence
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Regulatory Economics. - : Springer New York LLC. - 0922-680X .- 1573-0468. ; 54:2, s. 147-164
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In competitive markets, profits deviating from the norm will not persist for extended periods. If unimpeded, entry and exit of firms should restore profits to competitive levels. This dynamic process is influenced by regulations that temporarily or permanently impede competition. We study how product market regulations (PMR)—as measured by the OECD—affect competition by their impact on the profit persistence (Wölfl et al. in Ten years of product market reform in OECD countries-insights from a revised PMR indicator, 2009, Product market regulation: extending the analysis beyond OECD countries, 2010). To examine profit dynamics, we follow the methodology developed by Mueller (Economica 44(176):369–380, 1977), which measures both the short run persistence of profits and the long run permanent rents. The method can be used to measure: (1) short run transitory rents; (2) long run permanent rents. To this end we use firm level data from 30 OECD countries over the period 1998–2013. Results show that PMR increase the permanent rents of firms but we find no significant effect on short run profit persistence. We conclude that PMR negatively influence competition and increase permanent rents, resulting in misallocation of resources. © 2018, The Author(s).
|
|
