| 1. |
- Jansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Straw as an Alternative to Grass Forage in Horses-Effects on Post-Prandial Metabolic Profile, Energy Intake, Behaviour and Gastric Ulceration
- 2021
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2615. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary Many leisure horses have low energy requirements and obesity is common. Straw has a low energy content and could be a forage option for these horses. However, a previous study suggested that providing straw as the only forage was associated with an increased risk for gastric ulcers. This study evaluated replacing 50% of the daily forage allowance with a good hygienic quality wheat straw. Six horses were fed both the control diet (grass forage only, CON) and the straw diet (50:50 grass forage and straw, S). Each diet was fed for three weeks and all horses were evaluated on both diets. Diet did not affect the prevalence of gastric ulcers. Feed intake time was longer and daily energy intake lower on diet S, compared to CON. Plasma insulin levels were lower on diet S compared to CON, which could be beneficial for horses with overweight or insulin dysregulation. The results suggest that good hygienic wheat straw provided at 50% of the forage ration does not cause gastric ulcers, but may prolong feeding time and promote a metabolic profile more suitable for overweight horses. Including straw as part of the ration therefore may improve welfare for horses with low energy requirements. Straw's low energy content means it is a roughage option for horses with low energy requirements. Previously, in a field study, straw was associated with an increased risk for gastric ulcers. This study evaluated the effect on gastric ulcers, metabolic profile and behaviour of replacing, in a forage-only ration, 50% of the daily allowance with wheat straw. Six equines were studied in a 2 x 21-day cross-over design. The control diet (CON: 100% grass forage) and the straw diet (S: 50% grass forage and 50% straw [DM basis]) were iso-energetic. Gastroscopy was performed prior to the study and on day 21 and blood samples were collected and behavioural observations were performed. Diet did not affect squamous or glandular gastric ulcer scores (p > 0.05). Feed intake time was longer (p < 0.05) plus energy intake and plasma insulin concentrations were lower on diet S compared to CON (p < 0.0001). Plasma serotonin concentrations tended to be higher on diet S compared to CON (p = 0.05). The results suggest that good hygienic quality wheat straw can be included for up to 50% of the diet without causing gastric ulcers and that it can extend feeding time and promote a metabolic profile more suitable for overweight horses.
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| 2. |
- Astrand, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 demonstrate increased heart rate associated with altered autonomic activity.
- 2004
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6119 .- 1522-1490. ; 287:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) plays an important role in energy balance. The current studies were carried out on a new line of mice lacking the rodent MCH receptor (MCHR1(-/-) mice). These mice confirmed the previously reported lean phenotype characterized by increased energy expenditure and modestly increased caloric intake. Because MCH is expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area, which also has an important role in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, heart rate and blood pressure were measured by a telemetric method to investigate whether the increased energy expenditure in these mice might be due to altered autonomic nervous system activity. Male MCHR1(-/-) mice demonstrated a significantly increased heart rate [24-h period: wild type 495 +/- 4 vs. MCHR1(-/-) 561 +/- 8 beats/min (P < 0.001); dark phase: wild type 506 +/- 8 vs. MCHR1(-/-) 582 +/- 9 beats/min (P < 0.001); light phase: wild type 484 +/- 13 vs. MCHR1(-/-) 539 +/- 9 beats/min (P < 0.005)] with no significant difference in mean arterial pressure [wild type 110 +/- 0.3 vs. MCHR1(-/-) 113 +/- 0.4 mmHg (P > 0.05)]. Locomotor activity and core body temperature were higher in the MCHR1(-/-) mice during the dark phase only and thus temporally dissociated from heart rate differences. On fasting, wild-type animals rapidly downregulated body temperature and heart rate. MCHR1(-/-) mice displayed a distinct delay in the onset of this downregulation. To investigate the mechanism underlying these differences, autonomic blockade experiments were carried out. Administration of the adrenergic antagonist metoprolol completely reversed the tachycardia seen in MCHR1(-/-) mice, suggesting an increased sympathetic tone.
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| 3. |
- Brenden, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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A triple-transgenic immunotolerant mouse model.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3549 .- 1520-6017. ; 102:3, s. 1116-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avoiding unwanted immunogenicity is of key importance in the development of therapeutic drug proteins. Animal models are of less predictive value because most of the drug proteins are recognized as foreign proteins. However, different methods have been developed to obtain immunotolerant animal models. So far, the immunotolerant animal models have been developed to assess one protein at a time and are not suitable for the assessment of combination products. Our aim was to develop an animal model for evaluating the impact of manufacturing and formulation changes on immunogenicity, suitable for both single protein and combination products. We constructed two lines of transgenic mice expressing the three human coagulation factors, II, VII, and X, by inserting a single vector containing the three coagulation factors encoding sequences separated by insulator sequences derived from the chicken beta-globin locus into the mouse genome. Immunization of transgenic mice from the two lines and their wild-type littermates showed that transgenic mice from both lines were immunotolerant to the expressed human coagulation factors. We conclude that transgenic mice immunotolerant to multiple proteins can be obtained, and that these mice are potentially useful as animal models in the assessment of immunogenicity in response to manufacturing changes.
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| 4. |
- Hernlund, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Theileria equi orsakade klinisk piroplasmos hos två importhästar.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Svensk Veterinärtidning. - 0346-2250. ; 65, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klinisk piroplasmos orsakad av Theileria equi upptäcktes hos två hästar som nyligen förts in i Sverige från Spanien. Sjukdomen är anmälningspliktig och förekommer normalt inte i Sverige eftersom de fästing - arter som fungerar som vektorer saknas här. Diagnosen komplicerades av att hästarna samtidigt var sjuka i akut hästinfluensa. Piroplasmos bör beaktas hos hästar med feber, anemi och ikterus, särskilt om de kommer från områden en - demiska för ekvin piroplasmos. Om nya fästingarter får fäste i Sverige kan infektionen komma att spridas från seropositiva hästar.
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| 5. |
- Larsdotter Davey, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Renal pseudoaneurysm as a cause of hematuria in a colt
- 2009
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Ingår i: Canadian Veterinary Journal. - 0008-5286. ; 50, s. 759-762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An 8-month-old Arabian warmblood cross colt was evaluated for overt hematuria. The horse was severely anemic on presentation. A unilateral intrarenal vascular anomaly with unilateral pyelonephritis was diagnosed. Nephrectomy was attempted but was unsuccessful, and postmortem examination demonstrated the presence of an intrarenal pseudoancurysm.
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| 6. |
- Larsdotter Davey, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Serum thymidine kinase activity in clinically healthy and diseased horses: A potential marker for lymphoma
- 2015
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Ingår i: Veterinary Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-0233 .- 1532-2971. ; 205, s. 313-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum thymidine kinase (sTK) activity is a tumour marker used as a prognostic indicator for lymphoma in humans, dogs and cats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of sTK as a biomarker for lymphoma in horses. Serum samples were collected from clinically normal horses (n = 37), horses with lymphoma (n = 23), horses with non-haematopoietic neoplasia (n = 9) and horses with inflammatory disease (n = 14). sTK was measured using a radioenzyme assay. A reference cut-off value of <2.7 U/L (mean + 2 standard deviations, SDs) was established using data from clinically normal horses. sTK activity (mean +/- SD) was 26.3 +/- 91.5 U/L (range 0.8-443 U/L) for horses with lymphoma, 2.3 +/- 1.4 U/L (range 0.6-5.7 U/L) for horses with non-haematopoietic neoplasia and 1.5 +/- 0.6 U/L (range 0.6-2.8 U/L) for horses with inflammatory disease. Horses with lymphoma had significantly higher sTK activity than horses without clinical signs of disease (P<0.01), horses with inflammatory disease (P<0.01) and horses with non-haematopoietic neoplasia (P<0.05). sTK activity is a potentially useful biomarker for equine lymphoma. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Toth, Tamas, et al.
(författare)
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Megavesica in a neonatal foal
- 2012
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Ingår i: Equine Veterinary Education. - : Wiley. - 0957-7734 .- 2042-3292. ; 24, s. 396-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A newborn male foal was diagnosed with a greatly enlarged urinary bladder (megavesica), a urinary bladder diverticulum, and a herniated and abnormal umbilical remnant. Approximately 50% of the cranial bladder including the abnormal structures was surgically resected; the foal recovered and was still asymptomatic 15 months after surgery. The aetiology of megavesica in foals is unknown but successful outcome may be achieved with surgical intervention and adequate medical support.
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