| 1. |
- Burstedt, Marie S I, et al.
(författare)
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Rod-cone dystrophy with maculopathy in genetic glutathione synthetase deficiency : a morphologic and electrophysiologic study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ophthalmology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1549-4713 .- 0161-6420. ; 116:2, s. 324-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To describe the retinal findings in 2 young adults with glutathione synthetase (GS) deficiency, an autosomal-recessive inborn error of glutathione (GSH) metabolism. DESIGN: Report of 2 cases. PARTICIPANTS: Binocular study in 2 affected siblings. METHODS: Two sisters with severe GS deficiency underwent a first ophthalmologic examination including full-field electroretinogram (ERGs). The single flash and flicker ERGs and the oscillatory potentials were measured. The clinical examination was repeated after 1 year with the addition of fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and electrooculography (EOG). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Angiograms and the retinal OCTs were analyzed, the morphologic findings compared, and the Arden ratio measured. RESULTS: Myopia decreased in both sisters, and visual acuity remained unchanged. Ophthalmoscopy showed bilateral retinal degenerative changes. Binocular cystic macular edema was present in the fovea and perifoveal areas. Cystic changes were located in the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer. The ERGs showed low or no recordable rod-isolated b-waves, mixed rod-cone a- and b-waves, and cone responses. The oscillatory potentials were subnormal or nonrecordable. The EOG values were subnormal except in 1 eye of the older sister that had a normal Arden ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Severe GS deficiency is associated with progressive retinal dystrophy of the rod-cone type, affecting the central retina with advanced macular edema in adulthood. The retinal degenerative changes in GS deficiency may be the result of the increased oxidative stress accumulated generally in the retina and also apparent in the macular area, and an insufficient level of the free radical scavenger GSH. The patients with GS deficiency may represent a model of the retinal response to oxidative stress in humans. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this paper.
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| 2. |
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Exhibition: Space Waves and a Tale : Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995). Nobel Prize laureate in physics 1970.
- 2022
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Konstnärligt arbeteabstract
- The exhibition Space Waves and a Tale presented parts of Alfvén's extensive research, his community engagement and last but not least, his fictional story The tale of the great computing machine from 1966. In 1970 KTH professor Hannes Alfvén (1908 – 1995) was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his discoveries and applications in plasma physics. The exhibition Space Waves and a Tale presented parts of Alfvén's extensive research, his community engagement and his fictional story The tale of the great computing machine from 1966.Alfvén's research allow us to explore all corners of the universe – from the auroras on earth to the auroras on other planets, from solar wind to stellar wind, from plasma phenomena in the laboratory to astrophysical plasma phenomena in ours and other galaxies.The tale of the great computing machine is a satirical tale that tells the story of a future society controlled by computers and is also the source of inspiration for an opera with the same name.As part of the exhibition Space Waves and a Tale visitors were invited to share their visions of how future technology will shape our lives and societies. Two students from the KTH School of Architecture have contributed to the exhibition by designing and building a flexible and sustainable exhibition module. Students from BOOMERANG REXUS participated with objects related to aerospace research.Space Waves and a Tale was produced by the project group for KTH 200 years anniversary celebration together with KTH Library, The Opera: The Tale of the Great Computing Machine, the Division of Space and Plasma Physics and the KTH School of Architecture.In connection with the exhibithion there was a book discussion, popular science lecture and a class visit.
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| 3. |
- Larm, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple adverse outcomes over 30 years following adolescent substance misuse treatment
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 119:6, s. 484-493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To compare outcomes over 30 years experienced by individuals who as adolescents entered substance misuse treatment and a general population sample. Method: All 1992 individuals seen at the only clinic for substance misusing adolescents in Stockholm from 1968 to 1971 were compared to 1992 individuals randomly selected from the Swedish population, matched for sex, age and birthplace. Death, hospitalization for physical illness related to substance misuse, hospitalization for mental illness, substance misuse, criminal convictions and poverty were documented from national registers. Results: Relative risks of death, physical illness, mental illness, substance misuse, criminal convictions and poverty were significantly elevated in the clinic compared to the general population sample. After adjustment for substance misuse in adulthood, the risks of death, physical and mental illness, criminality and poverty remained elevated. Conclusion: Adolescents who consult for substance misuse problems are at high risk for multiple adverse outcomes over the subsequent 30 years.
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| 4. |
- Larm, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Trajectories of resilience over 25 years of individuals who as adolescents consulted for substance misuse and a matched comparison group
- 2010
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 105:7, s. 1216-1225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine trajectories of resilience over 25 years among individuals who as adolescents received treatment for substance misuse, the clinical sample (CS) and a matched general population sample (GP). Design: Comparison of the CS and GP over 25 years using Swedish national registers of health care and criminality. Setting: A substance misuse clinic for adolescents in an urban area in Sweden. Measurements: Resilience was defined as the absence of substance misuse, hospitalizations for physical illnesses related to substance misuse, hospitalization for mental illness and law-abiding behaviour from ages 21 to 45 years. Participants: The CS included 701 individuals who as adolescents had consulted a clinic for substance misuse. The GP included 731 individuals selected randomly from the Swedish population and matched for age, sex and birthplace. Findings: A total of 52.4% of the GP and 24.4% of the CS achieved resilience in all domains through 25 years. Among the CS, another one-third initially displayed moderate levels of resilience that rose to high levels over time, one-quarter displayed decreasing levels of resilience over time, while 9.3% showed little but improving resilience and 8.8% showed no resilience. Levels of resilience were associated with the severity of substance misuse and delinquency in adolescence. Conclusions: Individuals who had presented substance misuse problems in adolescence were less likely to achieve resilience over the subsequent 25 years than was a matched general population sample, and among them, four distinct trajectories of resilience were identified. The severity and type of problems presented in adolescence distinguished the four trajectories.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Digital konsumentprofilering – stora data, prediktiv analys och policyutmaningar
- 2017. - 1
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Ingår i: Kunskapsöversikter inom det konsumentpolitiska området. ; , s. 30-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här kunskapsöversikten fokuserar en viktig del av vad jag i en tidigare rapport (Larsson, 2016) kallar en tilltagande informationsasymmetri, nämligen profilering av konsumenter för kommersiella syften. I kunskapsöversikten tecknas kunskapsläget kring digital konsumentprofilering, framförallt utifrån en problematisering av detta rörliga och snabbt framväxande fält i relation till konsumentens intressen, vilket inkluderar frågor om konsumentskydd i en vidare mening över en rad branscher och ett komplext samspel av marknadsaktörer.
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| 6. |
- Molero Samuelson, Yasmina, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent antisocial behavior as predictor of adverse outcomes to age 50 : A follow-up study of 1,947 individuals
- 2010
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Ingår i: Criminal justice and behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-8548 .- 1552-3594. ; 37:2, s. 158-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examined associations between antisocial behavior (ASB) before age 15 and eight adverse outcomes from age 21 to 50 among 1,623 men and 324 women who as adolescents consulted a clinic for substance misuse problems. Outcomes were documented using Swedish national registers and included death, hospitalization for physical illnesses related to substance misuse, mental illness, self-inflicted harm, substance misuse, convictions for violent and nonviolent crimes, and poverty. ASB before age 15 was associated with increased odds of all outcomes in adulthood except hospitalization for mental illness after adjusting for low family socioeconomic status, sex, Sex × ASB, and substance misuse in adulthood and with an increased number of adverse outcomes up to age 50. No gender differences were detected.
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| 7. |
- Molero, Yasmina, et al.
(författare)
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Are offending trajectories identified in population sample studies relevant for treatment settings? A comparison of long-term offending trajectories in individuals treated for substance abuse in adolescence, to a matched general population sample
- 2015
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Ingår i: CBMH. Criminal behaviour and mental health. - : Wiley. - 0957-9664 .- 1471-2857. ; 25:5, s. 416-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most studies on offending heterogeneity have been conducted with general population samples. It is not clear to what extent these can inform such outcomes for individuals with substance use disorders specifically.Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the offending trajectories of individuals treated for substance use disorders in adolescence with a matched general population sample, and to test for gender differences in this respect.Method: Growth mixture models were applied to identify offending trajectories from age 15 to 33 of 1568 individuals treated for substance use disorders in adolescence, and in a matched population-based sample of 1500 individuals.Results: Several parallel trajectories for men and for women were identified in both samples. The substance misuse treatment sample, however, had higher levels of offending, larger offender classes, longer careers and two additional, distinct trajectories. Although there were similarities between the men and women, the men were more heterogeneous offenders. There were two distinct offending trajectories among male substance misusersdecreasing high level and decreasing low level offending.Conclusions: Differences between substance using and general population samples indicate that results from the latter could underestimate the severity, heterogeneity, and persistence of offending trajectories if merely generalised to individuals with substance use disorders. Our results also indicated that population-based samples might be underpowered for detecting female offending heterogeneity.
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| 8. |
- Peter, Larm, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcomes of adolescents treated for substance misuse
- 2008
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Ingår i: Drug And Alcohol Dependence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-8716 .- 1879-0046. ; 96:1-2, s. 79-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Little is known about the long-term outcome of substance misuse by teenagers, this is especially true for gender specific consequences. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of death, physical illnesses related to substance misuse, mental illness, substance misuse, criminality, and poverty in adulthood among two cohorts of individuals who as adolescents had consulted for substance misuse problems, to estimate the effect of sex on adverse outcomes, and to compare cohort effects. Methods: Individuals who had consulted a substance misuse clinic as adolescents during 1968-1971 and 1980-1984 were followed until 2002. Adverse outcomes were documented using information from Swedish national registers. Results: In the older cohort followed to age 50, only one-in-five escaped all six adverse outcomes, while over half of subjects experienced at least two or more. Sex and the severity of adolescent substance misuse and delinquency were predictors of adverse outcomes. More women than men experienced physical illness and poverty in the older cohort while more men than women were convicted of criminal offences in both cohorts and presented continued substance misuse in the younger cohort. Men in the younger as compared to the older cohort had higher rates of substance misuse and criminal convictions. Conclusions: Adolescents seeking help for substance misuse problems are at elevated risk for multiple adverse outcomes later in life. Outcomes differ for women and men and by severity of adolescent misuse and delinquency. Few cohort differences in adult outcomes exist.
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| 9. |
- Rutkunas, Vygandas, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and laboratory passive fit assessment of implant-supported zirconia restorations fabricated using conventional and digital workflow
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 22:2, s. 237-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Long-term success of implant-supported restorations can be affected by the accuracy of the prosthodontic workflow which may differ between conventional and digital techniques. Purpose The purpose was to compare the fit of two-implant-supported restorations, fabricated using conventional and digital workflows and to assess the influence of distance and angulation between the implants on the passive fit of the prosthesis. The SR test was selected to evaluate the fit of two-implant-supported zirconia restorations. Materials and Methods Forty-eight zirconia two-implant-supported restorations were fabricated according to conventional (group C, n = 24) and digital (group D, n = 24) workflows. The SR parameter was calculated as a difference of rotation angles of each screw in passive and nonpassive situations. SR values between groups C and D were compared by performing measurements intraorally, on master and control casts. Results SR intraorally in group C (16.25 +/- 15.52 degrees) was higher than it was in group D (13.85 +/- 10.78 degrees), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .557). While measuring SR on the master cast, group C SR (6.04 +/- 7.43 degrees) had lower values than group D (13.12 +/- 13.86 degrees) (P = .0039). No statistically significant correlations were found between SR measurements and inter-implant distance or angulation. Restorations with inter-implant angle higher than 10 degrees differed significantly from those with less than 10 degrees angulation. Conclusions Digital restorations had a better fit on the control cast, which was used as a reference in this study. Angulation of more than 10 degrees between the implants could negatively affect the passive fit of the digitally fabricated restorations intraorally.
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