| 1. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary function and atherosclerosis in the general population : causal associations and clinical implications
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 39:1, s. 35-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced lung function is associated with cardiovascular mortality, but the relationships with atherosclerosis are unclear. The population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage study measured lung function, emphysema, coronary CT angiography, coronary calcium, carotid plaques and ankle-brachial index in 29,593 men and women aged 50–64 years. The results were confirmed using 2-sample Mendelian randomization. Lower lung function and emphysema were associated with more atherosclerosis, but these relationships were attenuated after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Lung function was not associated with coronary atherosclerosis in 14,524 never-smokers. No potentially causal effect of lung function on atherosclerosis, or vice versa, was found in the 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Here we show that reduced lung function and atherosclerosis are correlated in the population, but probably not causally related. Assessing lung function in addition to conventional cardiovascular risk factors to gauge risk of subclinical atherosclerosis is probably not meaningful, but low lung function found by chance should alert for atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Axel C, et al.
(författare)
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Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 is associated with glomerular filtration rate progression and incidence of chronic kidney disease in two community-based cohorts of elderly individuals
- 2015
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Ingår i: CardioRenal Medicine. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-3828 .- 1664-5502. ; 5:4, s. 278-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We aimed to explore and validate the longitudinal associations between soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) progression, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence in two independent community-based cohorts of elderly individuals with prespecified subgroup analyses in individuals without prevalent diabetes.Research design and methods: Two community-based cohorts of elderly individuals were used with 5-year follow-up data on estimated GFR: the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; n = 437 men; mean age: 78 years) and the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; n = 703; mean age: 70 years; 51% women). GFR categories were defined as >= 60, 30-60, and <30 ml/min/1.73 m(2).Results: In longitudinal multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for inflammatory markers and established cardiovascular risk factors, higher serum sTNFR1 was significantly associated with an increased risk to progress to a lower GFR category in both ULSAM and PIVUS [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) increase 1.28 (95% CI 1.03-1.60) and OR 1.56 (95% CI 1.30-1.87), respectively]. Also, in subgroup analyses in individuals with a GFR >= 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at baseline, higher sTNFRs were associated with incident CKD after 5 years in both cohorts [ULSAM: OR per SD increase 1.49 (95% CI 1.16-1.9) and PIVUS: OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.50-2.26)]. Associations were similar in individuals without diabetes.Conclusions: Higher circulating sTNFR1 independently predicts the progression to a worse GFR category and CKD incidence in elderly individuals even in the absence of diabetes. Further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying mechanisms, and to evaluate the clinical relevance of our findings.
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| 4. |
- Elliott, Kerryn, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated pyrimidine dimer formation at distinct genomic bases underlies promoter mutation hotspots in UV-exposed cancers.
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 14:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sequencing of whole cancer genomes has revealed an abundance of recurrent mutations in gene-regulatory promoter regions, in particular in melanoma where strong mutation hotspots are observed adjacent to ETS-family transcription factor (TF) binding sites. While sometimes interpreted as functional driver events, these mutations are commonly believed to be due to locally inhibited DNA repair. Here, we first show that low-dose UV light induces mutations preferably at a known ETS promoter hotspot in cultured cells even in the absence of global or transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER). Further, by genome-wide mapping of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) shortly after UV exposure and thus before DNA repair, we find that ETS-related mutation hotspots exhibit strong increases in CPD formation efficacy in a manner consistent with tumor mutation data at the single-base level. Analysis of a large whole genome cohort illustrates the widespread contribution of this effect to recurrent mutations in melanoma. While inhibited NER underlies a general increase in somatic mutation burden in regulatory elements including ETS sites, our data supports that elevated DNA damage formation at specific genomic bases is at the core of the prominent promoter mutation hotspots seen in skin cancers, thus explaining a key phenomenon in whole-genome cancer analyses.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A Heuristic for Concurrent SOC Test Scheduling with Compression and Sharing
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Workshop on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and Systems,2007. - Krakow, Poland : IEEE Computer Society Press. - 1424411629 - 1424411629 ; , s. 61-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing cost for System-on-Chip (SOC) testing is mainly due to the huge test data volumes that lead to long test application time and require large automatic test equipment (ATE) memory. Test compression and test sharing have been proposed to reduce the test data volume, while test infrastructure and concurrent test scheduling have been developed to reduce the test application time. In this work we propose an integrated test scheduling and test infrastructure design approach that utilizes both test compression and test sharing as basic mechanisms to reduce test data volumes. In particular, we have developed a heuristic to minimize the test application time, considering different alternatives of test compression and sharing, without violating a given ATE memory constraint. The results from the proposed Tabu Search based heuristic have been validated using benchmark designs and are compared with optimal solutions.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A Technique for Optimization of System-on-Chip Test Data Transportation
- 2004
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Ingår i: 9th IEEE European Test Symposium,2004. ; , s. 179-180
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a Tabu-search-based technique for time-constrained SOC (System-on-Chip) test data transportation. The technique makes use of the existing bus structure, where the advantage is, compared to adding dedicated test buses, that no additional routing is needed. In order to speed up the testing and to fulfill the time constraint, we introduce a buffer at each core, which in combination with dividing tests into smaller packages allows concurrent application of tests on a sequential bus. Our technique minimizes the combined cost of the added buffers and the test control logic. We have implemented the technique, and experimental results indicate that it produces high quality results at low computational cost.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Buffer and Controller Minimization for Time-Constrained Testing of System-On-Chip
- 2003
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Ingår i: 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems DFT03,2003. - Cambridge, MA, USA : IEEE Computer Society Press. ; , s. 385-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Test scheduling and Test Access Mechanism (TAM)design are two important tasks in the development of a System-on-Chip (SOC)test solution.Previous test scheduling techniques assume a dedicated designed TAM which have the advantage of high exibility in the scheduling process. However,hardware verhead for implementing the TAM and additional routing is required of the TAMs.In this paper we propose a technique that makes use of the existing functional buses for the test data transportation inside the SOC.We have dealt with the test scheduling problem with this new assumption and developed a technique to minimize the test-controller and buffer size for a bus- based multi-core SOC.We have solved the problem by using a constraint logic pr gramming (CLP) technique and demonstrated the ef ciency of our approach by running experiments on benchmark designs.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Core-Level Expansion of Compressed Test Patterns
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Asian Test Symposium. - Sapporo, JAPAN : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769533964 ; , s. 277-282
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing test-data volumes needed for the testing of system-on-chip (SOC) integrated circuits lead to long test-application times and high tester memory requirements. Efficient test planning and test-data compression are therefore needed. We present an analysis to highlight the fact that the impact of a test-data compression technique on test time and compression ratio are method-dependant as well as TAM-width dependant. This implies that for a given set of compression schemes, there is no compression scheme that is the optimal with respect to test time reduction and test-data compression at all TAM widths. We therefore propose a technique where we integrate core wrapper design, test architecture design and test scheduling with test-data compression technique selection for each core in order to minimize the SOC test-application time and the test-data volume. Experimental results for several SOCs crafted from industrial cores demonstrate that the proposed method leads to significant reduction in test-data volume and test time.
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of a Bus-based Test Data Transportation Mechanism in System-on-Chip
- 2005
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Ingår i: 8th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design DSD2005,2005. - Porto, Portugal : IEEE Computer Society Press. - 0769524338 ; , s. 403-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing amount of test data needed to test SOC (System-on-Chip) entails efficient design of the TAM (test access mechanism), which is used to transport test data inside the chip. Having a powerful TAM will shorten the test time, but it costs large silicon area to implement it. Hence, it is important to have an efficient TAM with minimal required hardware overhead. We propose a technique that makes use of the existing bus structure with additional buffers inserted at each core to allow test application to the cores and test data transportation over the bus to be performed asynchronously. The non-synchronization of test data transportation and test application makes it possible to perform concurrent testing of cores while test data is transported in a sequence. We have implemented a Tabu search based technique to optimize our test architecture, and the experimental results indicate that it produces high quality results at low computational cost.
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| 10. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Optimized Integration of Test Compression and Sharing for SOC Testing
- 2007
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Ingår i: Design, Automation, and Test in Europe Conference DATE07,2007. - Nice, France : IEEE Computer Society Press. - 9783981080124 ; , s. 207-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing test data volume needed to test core-based System-on-Chip contributes to long test application times (TAT) and huge automatic test equipment (ATE) memory requirements. TAT and ATE memory requirement can be reduced by test architecture design, test scheduling, sharing the same tests among several cores, and test data compression. We propose, in contrast to previous work that addresses one or few of the problems, an integrated framework with heuristics for sharing and compression and a Constraint Logic Programming technique for architecture design and test scheduling that minimizes the TAT without violating a given ATE memory constraint. The significance of our approach is demonstrated by experiments with ITC-02 benchmark designs.
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