| 1. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital-delivered infants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-656X. ; 80:6-7, s. 602-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rectal cultures from Swedish and Pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. Swedish infants were delivered vaginally, Pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. The Swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the Pakistani infants. Both groups of Pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the Swedish infants. Cultures from Swedish infants seldom yielded more than one kind of enterobacteria; E. coli and Klebsiella were most frequently isolated. E. coli dominated in both Pakistani groups, but especially caesarean section delivered infants were in addition often colonized with Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. Breastfeeding from the first day of life reduced colonization with Klebsiella/Enterobacter/Citrobacter. The results suggest that environmental exposure, delivery mode and early feeding habits all influence the early intestinal colonization with enterobacteria.
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| 2. |
- Coenye, Tom, et al.
(författare)
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Advenella incenata gen. nov., sp nov., a novel member of the Alcaligenaceae, isolated from various clinical samples
- 2005
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY. - : Microbiology Society. - 1466-5026 .- 1466-5034. ; 55, s. 251-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A polyphasic taxonomic study of 14 isolates recovered from various human and veterinary clinical samples was performed. Phenotypically these isolates shared several characteristics with members of the Alcaligenaceae and related genera. Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting and whole-cell protein analysis suggested the presence of multiple genomic groups, which was confirmed by DNA–DNA hybridization experiments. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that these isolates were related to the genera Pelistega, Taylorella, Oligella, Pigmentiphaga, Alcaligenes, Kerstersia, Achromobacter and Bordetella and belonged to the family Alcaligenaceae. Based on the results of the present study the organisms were classified in a novel genus, Advenella gen. nov. This genus comprises one named species, Advenella incenata sp. nov. (type strain LMG 22250T=CCUG 45225T) and five currently unnamed genomic species. The DNA G+C content of members of the novel genus Advenella is between 54·0 and 57·7 mol%.
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| 3. |
- Riise, Gerdt C., 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis assessed by measurement of cell products in bronchial lavage fluid
- 1995
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Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 50:4, s. 360-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND--Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis has not been characterised as well as in asthma. The present study was undertaken to assess whether a characteristic pattern of bronchial inflammatory markers could be found in patients with chronic bronchitis. METHODS--Bronchoscopy with bronchial lavage was performed in 42 patients with chronic bronchitis and in 13 healthy controls. Twenty three of the patients had non-obstructive chronic bronchitis and 19 had chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eighteen of the patients with bronchitis had recurrent infective exacerbations and 24 did not. Intrabronchial bacterial cultures were taken with a protected specimen brush. RESULTS--Increased activity of neutrophils, fibroblasts, and eosinophils was found in the patients with chronic bronchitis as assessed by the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), hyaluronan, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), respectively. The levels of tryptase did not differ from the controls. High correlations were found between the levels of MPO and IL-8, as well as ECP and IL-8. No differences were found between the patients with COPD and those with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis. CONCLUSIONS--Recruitment and activation of both neutrophils and eosinophils seem to be a characteristic of chronic bronchitis. This activation is associated with IL-8. The patients with intrabronchial cultures of Streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest individual levels of MPO, ECP, and IL-8 of all subjects in the study, indicating that colonisation with S pneumoniae could promote bronchial inflammation.
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| 4. |
- Riise, Gerdt C., 1956, et al.
(författare)
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The intrabronchial microbial flora in chronic bronchitis patients: a target for N-acetylcysteine therapy?
- 1994
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Ingår i: Eur Respir J. - 0903-1936. ; 7:1, s. 94-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic bronchitis is common among smokers, often together with recurrent infectious exacerbations. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the pathogens traditionally considered most important. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment has been shown to reduce the number of infectious exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis. The mechanism behind this is unknown. We attempted to characterize the intrabronchial bacterial flora in patients with chronic bronchitis in an infection-free interval, and to determine whether pharmacological and immunological factors effected the bacterial occurrence. Twenty two smokers with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis, 19 smokers with chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 14 healthy nonsmokers underwent bronchoscopy. To obtain uncontaminated intrabronchial samples, a protected specimen brush was used. Quantitative bacterial cultures and virus isolations were performed. Significantly positive bacterial cultures (> 1,000 colony-forming units (cfu).ml-1) were found only in the patients. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were found in five patients, and only in the patients without NAC treatment. The most common bacterium was alpha-haemolytic streptococcus. Negative cultures were more common in the healthy controls. Of the various factors examined, only NAC medication had an influence on bacterial numbers. Significantly fewer patients with NAC medication had positive cultures (3 out of 16) than in the group of patients without NAC therapy (15 out of 21). Our results confirm that chronic bronchitis in smokers leads to increased intrabronchial bacterial colonization. We could also confirm that 1,000 cfu.ml-1 is an adequate cut-off level for significant bacterial growth when using the protected specimen brush. NAC medication was associated with low bacterial numbers.
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| 5. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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High turnover rate of Escherichia coli strains in the intestinal flora of infants in Pakistan.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Epidemiology and infection. - 0950-2688. ; 121:3, s. 587-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Escherichia coli flora of infants in developed countries is dominated by one or a few strains which persist for prolonged periods of time, but no longitudinal studies have been performed in developing countries. To this end, we studied the rectal enterobacterial flora in 22 home-delivered Pakistani infants during their first 6 months of life. Three colonies were isolated and species typed on each of 11 sampling occasions. E. coli isolates were strain typed using electromorphic typing of cytoplasmic enzymes, and their O serogroups were determined. There was a very rapid turnover of enterobacterial strains in the rectal flora of individual infants. On average, 8.5 different E. coli strains were found per infant, and several biotypes of other enterobacteria. Less than 50% of the infants were colonized with E. coli from their mothers, but strains of maternal origin were four times more likely to persists in the infants' flora than other E. coli strains. Enterobacteria other than E. coli were always of non-maternal origin, and Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae biotypes recovered from contaminated feeds were later identified in the infants' rectal flora. An early colonization with klebsiella or enterobacter was significantly associated with diarrhoea during the neonatal period, although these bacteria were not likely to be the cause of the disease. The results suggest that poor hygienic conditions result in an unstable and diverse enterobacterial flora, which may influence infant health.
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| 6. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli with human meconium.
- 1991
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Ingår i: FEMS microbiology letters. - 0378-1097. ; 68:1, s. 57-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability of Escherichia coli with different receptor specificities to interact with meconium was studied. E. coli strains expressing P-fimbriae, specific for Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta-containing receptors, were agglutinated by meconium at high titres. This reaction was inhibited by globotetraosylceramide. The attachment of P-fimbriated E. coli to human colonic epithelial cells of the HT-29 cell line was inhibited by meconium. Some type 1 fimbriated strains were agglutinated by meconium, but the agglutination was rarely blocked by methyl alpha-D-mannoside. The attachment by type 1 fimbriated strains to HT-29 cells was reduced by meconium only in some cases. These results suggest that meconium interacts with the P-fimbriae of E. coli, in a way that may influence bacterial colonization of the neonatal intestine.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Runeman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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The vulvar skin microenvironment: influence of different panty liners on temperature, pH and microflora
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Derm Venereol. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555. ; 84:4, s. 277-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to confirm findings that vapour-impermeable panty liners might impair skin climate, and to assess their impact on the skin microflora. Temperature, surface pH and aerobic microflora were measured on vulvar skin of 102 women. The mean skin temperature was 1.1 degrees C higher when using a vapour-impermeable panty liner compared with not using one. Use of panty liners with vapour-permeable back sheets and acidic cores resulted in skin temperature, pH and microflora levels that were very close to those observed in persons not using liners. The temperature, pH and total number of microorganisms were significantly lower for users of vapour-permeable panty liners than for users of vapour-impermeable ones (p <0.05, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The microorganism densities were usually higher when using the vapour-impermeable panty liner, but mean differences were minor. The use of panty liners seems not to imply a microbial risk for normal, healthy women.
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