| 1. |
- Bergström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Needs as a basis for design rationale
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A basic principle for Needfinding [Faste, 1987; Patnaik & Becker, 1999] is that designers and engineers should interact directly with users to get direct insights into the user domain. Needfinding is not a new phenomena, it is almost forty years ago since the process was adopted at Stanford University’s product design program [Patnaik & Becker, 1999]. As the name, Need-finding, implies, this is an intertwined approach to find needs which are not readily articulated by users. The application of a Needfinding process offers qualitative methods to make those needs visible early on in product development. In fact, the process has become more interesting during recent time, since qualitative methods have gained more acceptance outside the academic realm [ibid.].The word qualitative indicates that what are sought for are qualities such as people’s experiences, what they perceive or interpret into a situation [Miles & Huberman, 1994; Patton, 2002]. Such data is contextually dependent, i.e., it must be generated in the context in which the phenomena occur. Besides context, people’s activities, behaviours and goals are important to observe and learn from. The objectives, for applying Needfinding, are to make the identification of needs and design a seamless effort, as well as an interest to identify opportunities to innovations. Needs last longer than any solution [Patnaik & Becker, 1999], since they are grounded in people’s activities. The solution and product that might meet such needs change over time. One example is how to store computer data, the products which satisfy the need has changed from, e.g., punch cards, magnetic tape, floppy discs [ibid.] to USB-flash memories. A guiding methodology in Needfinding is a flexible process, which is adapted to the task at hand [Kelley, 2001]. Such a process is conveyed in a few basic steps and, builds on a ‘philosophy’ which permeates all activities in order to adapt the process according to the project. Therefore, the designer’s ability to rely on such a process depends on familiarity with a number of methods for observations and interviews, as well as an aptitude for socio-technical skills. Hence, the purpose in this paper is to present and reflect on methods used in a running development project to identify needs in a product development project. This is done to contribute to the advancement of a need driven product development process. The disposition of this paper is as follows. First, our approach in studying the need identification activities is presented. Second, a theoretical frame for need identification and design is presented, i.e., Needfinding [Patnaik & Becker, 1999]. Third, the practice of finding needs is outlined and discussed.
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| 2. |
- Bertoni, Alessandro, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Mining data to design value : a demonstrator in early design
- 2017
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Ingår i: DS87-7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN (ICED 17), VOL 7: DESIGN THEORY AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. - : The Design Society. - 9781904670957 ; , s. 21-29
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents a study run to verify the applicability of data mining algorithms asdecision support in early design stages of a product development project. The paperdescribes a two-stage scenario providing the rationale for the application of data science inengineering design. Furthermore, it describes a demonstrator showing how data can be fedback to the early design stages and can be used to populate models to reduce uncertainty indecision making. A wheel loader for constructions works is the reference product for thedemonstration. Data mining is applied on a dataset built on machine performances andcontextual and environmental data. The demonstrator focuses on the estimation of the fuelconsumption of alternative design concepts and estimates the performance variations givendifferent contextual variable. Finally, a way of visualizing the results of the data analysis inrelation to the tested and expected performances is presented.
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| 3. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Guiding Global Innovation Teams on their Exploration Journey : Learning from Aspiring Engineering Students
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering Education. - : Tempus Publications. - 0949-149X. ; 40:3, s. 472-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates globally dispersed innovation teams involved in explorative projects within an engineering graduate course employing problem-based learning. Utilizing insights from a longitudinal study, the objective is to identify how to enhance both individual learning and team performance, thereby increasing the likelihood of a successful outcome. Initial observations revealed common patterns in learning experiences among the top-performing teams, prompting further investigation into how supporting cohorts might positively influence both team performance and students’ learning experiences throughout the course. In addition to advancing comprehension of innovation team performance, the study introduces two lightweight tools designed as shared visual representations of the team’s exploration journey. These tools can assist supporting cohorts in guiding teams effectively. This research augments the existing body of knowledge surrounding the achievement of breakthrough innovations. It provides understanding about how to facilitate team performance and individual learning within globally dispersed innovation teams undertaking explorative projects. The proposed lightweight tools offer practical solutions to enhance the supporting cohort’s ability to guide and impact team performance and individual learning experiences. This study holds implications for academia and industry, particularly organizations reliant on radical innovation for competitiveness and future-proving. Lastly, the study’s findings could inform the design and delivery of future problem-oriented, project-organized learning-based courses in engineering education.
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| 4. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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How Covid-19 Enabled a Global Student Design Team to Achieve Breakthrough Innovation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society 2021. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. 1705-1714
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a qualitative single case study of a geographically distributed student team that experienced a quite different graduate course, compared to previous year's. This was due to the restrictions placed upon them following coronavirus lockdowns. With already ongoing research, and continuous development of the course, the authors had documented individual reflections and identified patterns and behaviours that seemingly determined the quality of the end result, as well as the students expectations and experiences. Semi-structured interviews, surveys and the author's individual reflection notes were already in place as part of the larger research scope and when the student team during the covid-19 year showed unexpected performance and results, the authors decided to pause the larger research scope and focus on this unique single case and capture those learnings. Not knowing how the Covid-19 situation evolves and leaning on insights from previous years, as well as this unique year, the aim with this paper is to describe the unique Covid-19 year amd share knowledge that can help improve and evolve the development of this longlived collaborative graduate student course, and other similar distributed team contexts.
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| 5. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-
(författare)
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Innovation Engineering in Practice : Bridging Exploration and Exploitation in Large Manufacturing Incumbents
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis discusses how large manufacturing incumbent companies potentially can ensure their longevity and future-proof themselves by infusing ambidexterity throughout their organizations. Ambidextrous companies are equipped to achieve success in both current and future business environments, providing valued solutions to customers today and in the future. While these companies often excel at making incremental improvements to existing products, business, and operational models, they lack the skill set necessary for exploring new ways of creating value for customers, and commonly fail to bring promising breakthrough innovations from proven concept to revenue generation. To address these challenges, this thesis proposes a methodology consisting of four foundational principles for strengthening the innovation capacity of large manufacturing incumbents. The term "innovation engineering" is introduced and described to distinctly differentiate exploration-oriented work from exploitation-oriented work and demystify the exploration process and skills. The thesis also presents the concept of "intentional PSS design" as an approach to incorporate future aspirations and current capabilities into an evolutionary design process, connecting current limitations with future anticipated possibilities.The thesis proposes tools for leaders and coaches to support innovation engineering teams in their exploration journeys and bridge the gap between exploration and exploitation. The overall aim of the research is to future-proof large manufacturing incumbents by providing understanding about common challenges and possibilities, a framework for strengthened innovation capacity, incorporating the innovation engineering skills as core competencies, and the innovation engineering process as equally important to and diametrically different from the exploitation process.The research aims to increase awareness and knowledge about innovation engineering and enable infused ambidexterity so that large manufacturing incumbents can find their ways to adapt to a changing environment and reinvention of their ways to meet customer needs. The thesis also proposes ways to bridge between exploration and exploitation to enable a company-wide transition from a product-selling to problem-solving enterprise. By doing so, large manufacturing companies might prolong their lifespan and contribute solving
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Lost in translation between explore and exploit : From selling products to solving problems in large manufacturing incumbents
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As large manufacturing incumbents are adopting digital technologies and shifting their business models from selling products to solving problems, through PSS (product-service-system) solutions, their development processes need to shift as well. Organizational ambidexterity, the ability to both explore new opportunities and exploit existing customer offerings, is considered to be crucial to companies’ current and future success. In this study it is observed that a gap between exploration and exploitation work streams lead to promising conceptual PSS solutions never reaching a revenue generating stage. This is because product-centricity along with exploitation-optimized processes and mindsets are not equipped to carry the integrated solutions further, from proven concept to market ready solution. This article summarizes a multiple case study, where systematic innovation engineering work has resulted in promising conceptual PSS solutions never reaching market launch. In addition to the in-depth case studies, leaders of exploration-oriented teams in manufacturing incumbents shared their insights which confirmed that the problem is common across companies and industries, and several roadblocks are general. One of the authors has been responsible for a successful shift from a product-centric to an integrated solution-oriented organization and contributed insights from that experience to this study. The authors suggest that the gap between explore and exploit, and the shift from product-centric to PSS-oriented can be managed through an approach where ambidexterity is infused into the entire organization and exploration is demystified, enabling a transparent and concerted shift.
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| 8. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking the full value of a corporate innovation hub
- 2020
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Ingår i: <em>The Proceedings of ISPIM Connects Global 2020: Celebrating the World of Innovation</em>. ISPIM.. - : LUT Scientific and Expertise Publications. - 9789523355668
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper covers research about how Corporate Innovation Hubs, CIHs, in Silicon Valley are managed and supported by their corporatemotherships and how their likeliness of success can be increased by consciousand proactive management and support. To embrace the cultural difference as a competitive advantage and learning experience is important. Clear intentions,expectations, team constellation, reporting level and finding the right individualas head of the CIH are identified as crucial factors to consider.
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| 9. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Expanding the social dimension - Towards a knowledge base for product-service innovation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Impacting society through engineering design. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670230 ; , s. 143-152
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extension of businesses to incorporate the provision of function as a service in supplement to standalone products is an ongoing movement in manufacturing industry. In short, this means that the development intent should be guided by the need of ‘performance in use’ that the customer wants, e.g. thrust rather than an engine. By this, the established knowledge base challenges the development team. This paper embarks from the assumption that there are three main challenges, i.e. (1) innovation activities, (2) customer data acquisition and (3) the transformation of data into design information. The purpose is to discuss knowledge sharing activities to contribute to product-service innovation. In this study it has been found that contemporary data acquisition activities filter out important dimensions of knowledge. Thus, does not provide a sound base for service provisions.
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| 10. |
- Flyborg, Johan, 1959-
(författare)
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Improving Oral Health assisted by Smart Powered Toothbrushes and exploring their role in innovative Health Technology
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Maintaining good oral health is critical to healthy aging, as cognitive decline often accelerates the deterioration of oral health. Conversely, poor oral health can exacerbate cognitive decline. The thesis examines if introducing a powered toothbrush could prevent the deterioration of oral health in older individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and maintain a good quality of life. Another aim was to evaluate the actual use and the possibility of using the powered toothbrush as a carrier for other health sensors. From an interdisciplinary perspective, it examines technology's direct and indirect impact on oral health, which aligns with the World Health Organization's definition of applied health technology. Maintaining oral health is critical in a growing aging population and with the increased incidence of MCI. The thesis includes four sub-studies. A pilot study was conducted on healthy adults, where core body temperature was assessed with a sensor attached to the toothbrush. For study I-III, two hundred and thirteen participants who met specific criteria such as age, memory problems, and cognitive levels were initially recruited. Oral health data with medical, cognitive, and quality of life assessments were collected over two years, with visits scheduled every six months. Ethical considerations followed the Declaration of Helsinki, which emphasized informed consent, participant autonomy, and dignity protection, which are particularly important for vulnerable populations such as individuals with MCI. This thesis shows that it is possible to maintain and improve oral health measured by Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), and Periodontal Pocket depth 4mm or deeper (PPD≥4 mm) in a group of older individuals with MCI for at least 24 months. The results underline the potential of smart toothbrushes as tools for improved oral health and as carriers of sensors for health monitoring.
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