| 1. |
- Andersson, Staffan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethics Management in Swedish Parties
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Political parties are indispensable actors in representative democracy, conveying political will and enabling accountability in each link of the chain of democratic delegation: from voters to parliament, from parliament to cabinet, and from cabinet to public administration. However, trust in parties has declined even in many democracies and citizens view parties as deeply affected by corruption. Ethics management is a potential mechanism for parties who wish to keep, rebuild or even strengthen public trust for wielding power with integrity. Previous research points out that public organisations using ethics and integrity mechanisms tend to favour a compliance approach to ethics. However, these measures are often neither well thought through nor effectively enforced, potentially causing more harm than good with regards to integrity improvement. The literature argues for a combination of both compliance and values based instruments in order to achieve effective ethics management.Sweden is a high trust society but where, as in many other democracies, citizens see risks of corruption influence as a relevant problem. In particular, Swedish parties have the lowest levels of trust amongst all national institutions. Thus, parties must reflect on how to uphold integrity so as to both secure good internal governance and assure potential voters that they are ethical organisations. Sweden is thus an interesting case of how parties approach this challenge. In this paper we study how all Swedish parliamentary parties (eight) use various ethics strategies to uphold ethics and countervail risks for integrity violations. In particular we explore types of ethics management strategies they use (instruments, processes, and how they position in relation to the values-compliance distinction; and why these measures were introduced or changed). This is done by mapping measures such as party ethics codes, ethics training including dilemma workshops, candidate agreements, and disciplinary bodies. The study is focused on the parties’ national/central organisational level.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Staffan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethics Management in Swedish Political Parties
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Public Integrity. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1099-9922 .- 1558-0989.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Political parties are indispensable actors in representative democracy. However, trust in parties has declined in many democracies. Ethics management is a potential mechanism for parties to keep or strengthen public trust. Previous research about how parties have developed internal ethics mechanisms to promote organisational integrity is scant. This article explores how Swedish parliamentary parties use ethical strategies to uphold standards of conduct for their members. Sweden is a high trust society, but its citizens perceive risks of corrupt influence as relevant. Amongst representative institutions, parties score the lowest levels of trust. Therefore, Swedish parties are interesting to study in order to understand how they uphold integrity standards and assure voters that they are ethical organisations. We show that parties increasingly use formal ethics guidelines to set integrity standards within their organisations and integrity pledges for candidates. Parties also use relatively well-developed monitoring instruments but reactively rather than proactively. Tools to enforce integrity are few and often concentrated on formal expulsion procedures, which are rarely used. Swedish parties have during the last 15 years incrementally developed their ethics management processes. It remains to be seen to what extent these changes will transcend formal rules and strengthen integrity in the long run.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergman, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
-
Le régime parlementaire en Suède
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Vers un renouveau du parlementarisme en Europe?. - Bruxelles : Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles. - 2800413441 ; , s. 231-254
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 4. |
- Blomgren, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
La Suède
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Les démocraties européennes. - 9782200351267
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Bolin, Niklas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Reparlamentariseringen av Sverige? Bruket av och betydelsen av riksdagens tillkännagivanden till regeringen
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; 118:3, s. 307-337
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Reparliamentarization of Sweden? The Use and Relevance of Parliamentary Resolutions to the Government In contrast to the theory of deparliamentarization amongst parliamentary democracies, this article points to the Riksdag’s use of so-called resolutions (tillkännagivanden) to the Government as a sign of growing reparliamentarization. Resolutions in the Swedish context are constitutionally non-binding but politically coercing. From this first study of a hitherto uncharted parliamentary instrument some preliminary conclusions materialise: Resolutions are more complex nowadays than 15–20 years ago requiring more effort from the Government. Parliament’s use of resolutions has, broadly pictured, evolved from unanimous or bipartisan demands on often technical issues to an increasingly politicized tool of reiningin minority governments. In some exceptional cases even issuing a few so-called negative resolutions which essentially seek to infringe the Government’s executive powers. Resolutions may offer a complementary measurement of a government’s parliamentary strength and provide additional insights into the workings of Swedish (and potentially other countries) parliamentarism given additional research.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Junker, Robert R., et al.
(författare)
-
Covariation and phenotypic integration in chemical communication displays : Biosynthetic constraints and eco-evolutionary implications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 220:3, s. 739-749
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical communication is ubiquitous. The identification of conserved structural elements in visual and acoustic communication is well established, but comparable information on chemical communication displays (CCDs) is lacking. We assessed the phenotypic integration of CCDs in a meta-analysis to characterize patterns of covariation in CCDs and identified functional or biosynthetically constrained modules. Poorly integrated plant CCDs (i.e. low covariation between scent compounds) support the notion that plants often utilize one or few key compounds to repel antagonists or to attract pollinators and enemies of herbivores. Animal CCDs (mostly insect pheromones) were usually more integrated than those of plants (i.e. stronger covariation), suggesting that animals communicate via fixed proportions among compounds. Both plant and animal CCDs were composed of modules, which are groups of strongly covarying compounds. Biosynthetic similarity of compounds revealed biosynthetic constraints in the covariation patterns of plant CCDs. We provide a novel perspective on chemical communication and a basis for future investigations on structural properties of CCDs. This will facilitate identifying modules and biosynthetic constraints that may affect the outcome of selection and thus provide a predictive framework for evolutionary trajectories of CCDs in plants and animals.
|
|
