| 1. |
- du Preez, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Personality and mental health : An investigation of South African police trainees
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - Missoula. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 108:1, s. 301-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between personality and mental health was investigated in one cohort of police trainees at a South African police academy (1,145 police recruits; 648 men, 497 women). Male trainees reported less somatisation, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety symptoms and lower harm avoidance as well as higher persistence than female trainees. A cluster analysis based on the personality scores was used to identify three clusters with personality profiles characterized as Vulnerable, Healthy, and Intermediate profiles. Sociodemographic variables and temperament and character domain scores contributed separately and differentially to the explanation of variance in mental health symptom scores. Selection tools should be developed to identify vulnerable individuals in terms of personality characteristics during selection and prior to training, to prevent later problems with stress reactions. Additional training modules focusing on coping skills could possibly reduce vulnerability to stress in some trainees.
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| 2. |
- du Preez, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Personality of South African police trainees
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - Missoula, MT, USA : Ammons Scientific. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 105:2, s. 539-553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been efforts to identify a "police personality" based on dispositional and socialization models. Personality traits of successful police applicants at the Police College in Pretoria, South Africa (N=1,145 police trainees), with regard to sex, ethnic group, and English language reading skills, were described in terms of scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory. South African police trainees generally evaluated themselves as substantially lower in Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance combined with lower Cooperativeness, but they scored much higher on SeIf-Directedness, Persistence, and Self-Transcendence compared to South African university students from the same area. These are characteristics expected from future police officers, which supports the dispositional model.
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| 3. |
- Ghazinour, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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Avvisningar och utvisningar av ensamkommande flyktingbarn : om effektivitet, värdighet och barnens bästa från tjänstemäns och gode mäns perspektiv
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport tar sin utgångspunkt i den svenska regeringens ställningstagande att barn som inte anses ha skyddsbehov eller andra skäl att stanna i Sverige ska kunna återvända hem på värdiga sätt. Samma regering har dock också tydligt uttalat att antalet av- och utvisningar väsentligen ska öka i förhållande till tidigare år. Det är den potentiella spänningen mellan skarpa krav på effektivitet i av- och utvisningsärenden å ena sidan och kraven på värdighet, respekt för mänskliga rättigheter och barnets bästa å den andra, som undersöks i den här rapporten. Fokus ligger på hur centrala aktörer förhåller sig till och tolkar dessa krav och på vad deras respektive förhållningssätt och tolkningar betyder för samverkan dem emellan.Tre fallstudier i kommuner av varierande storlek belägna i de geografiskt åtskilda länen Västerbotten, Skåne och Värmland har genomförts. Fallstudierna bygger på totalt 49 intervjuer med handläggare på Migrationsverket, socialsekreterare, gode män, HVBpersonal och poliser – alla verksamma som centrala aktörer vid av- och utvisningar. I analysen av det insamlade materialet betraktas de professionella aktörerna (de gode männen undantagna) som gräsrotsbyråkrater med vida handlingsutrymmen. Det som undersöks är i vilken utsträckning de anser sig kunna omsätta de politiska målsättningarna om ökad effektivitet och bibehållen värdighet i praktiken. För att kunna analysera vad det är som utmärker samarbete och samverkan mellan aktörerna används teorier om interorganisatorisk samverkan.De huvudsakliga slutsatser som framkommit i rapporten är att uppfattningar om och förhållningssätt till det effektiva och värdiga återvändandet skiljer sig åt bland de olika aktörerna i Västerbotten, Skåne och Värmland. Aktörerna gör egna tolkningar av begreppen effektivitet och värdighet, i vilka mening skapas utifrån professionella erfarenheter, roller och uppdrag. De största skillnaderna i uppfattning och tolkning har återfunnits mellan aktörskategorierna, inte mellan de tre fallstudierna. Polis och Migrationsverk anser generellt att effektivitet och värdighet går att förena. Poliserna och tjänstemännen på Migrationsverket har jämfört med de andra aktörerna oftare ett uttalat legalt perspektiv och ser både värdighet och respekt för barnens mänskliga rättigheter som inbäddade i det juridiska ramverket. Socialsekreterare, HVB-personal och gode män anser däremot generellt att ett återvändande mot ett barns vilja inte någonsin kan bli värdigt. De är också mer benägna att se det som att Barnkonventionen i relation till utlänningslagen hamnar i underordnad ställning. Vissa likheter mellan aktörerna har också kunnat identifieras. Samtliga betonar gott bemötande, god kommunikation och tydlig information i relation till de barn som fått av- eller utvisningsbeslut.Aktörernas olika förhållningssätt får konsekvenser för deras samverkan. Överlag kan samverkan i samtliga undersökta kommuner beskrivas som begränsad, oklar, personberoende och utan gemensamma mål. Aktörerna uttrycker brist på tillit och många upplever en känsla av ensamhet i sina roller. Goda erfarenheter av samverkan finns visserligen men det är tydligt att skilda professionella normer, organisationskulturer, erfarenheter och perspektiv försvårar samverkan.
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| 4. |
- Ghazinour, Mehdi, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Personality and mental health changes throughout the course of university police training in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordisk Politiforskning. - : Universitetsforlaget. - 1894-8693. ; 6:1, s. 7-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Police trainees have to be prepared for future job demands and challenges. Personality plays an important role in stress management. The first assessment of a longitudinal investigation was conducted among 103 Swedish police trainees to study their personality changes and mental health responses in first two weeks after intake. Fifty-two of these trainees, who participated in the second assessment, were included in the analysis. The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was used to measure personality, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was used to measure mental health. A multiple regression analysis was performed with personality scores from the first assessment as independent variables and SCL-90-R scores as dependent variables. Over two years, minor changes were found in the police trainees’ personality characteristics, which seemingly fit the demands of policing and are potentially valuable in the trainees’ future careers. Personality characteristics are predictors of mental health at the end of university training.
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| 5. |
- Ghazinour, Seyedmehdi, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation of mental health and personality in Swedish police trainees upon entry to the Police Academy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0882-0783 .- 1936-6469. ; 25:1, s. 34-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering gender differences; and at relationships between personality and mental health. 103 individuals were investigated by means of the SCL-90-R and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) upon entry to the police academy. By contrast, the police trainees were mentally much healthier than individuals from the general population. They reported low Harm Avoidance and their character dimensions were more developed in terms of strength, responsibility and reliability. Harm Avoidance (positively) and Self-Directedness (negatively) were found to be associated with all facets of psychopathology. The good mental health and mature personality characteristics reported by trainees, particularly the females, suggest that they have the strength to master the stressful situations which they will face in their professional lives. In order to prevent possible psychological disturbances later in life, due to the high level of distress in their work, the development of trainees’ personality in terms of particular coping skills should be regarded as an integral part of their professional training at the police academy.
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| 6. |
- Lauritz, Lars Erik, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of selection and distrust in construction of professional police identity
- 2013. - 1
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Ingår i: The Evolution of Policing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 9781466567153
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Police culture is often described as strongly unifying, leading to a feeling of a strong professional identity. The main reasons for these descriptions, as suggested in police research are due to the profession’s shared risks and the role of authoritarianism. In this chapter, two complementary reasons are presented, both manifested in the image that police students and officers believe others have of them. The students’ images are formed from the feelings of being selected and that others distrust them. In conclusion, our results provide strong empirical support for the images as significant constructors in the formation of a professional police identity.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lauritz, Lars Erik, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Police students’ learning preferences : suitable responses from the learning environment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Policing. - oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1363-951X .- 1758-695X .- 1752-4512 .- 1752-4520. ; 7:2, s. 195-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature reveals the following pattern: that police students worldwide prefer on-the-job training to theoretical, academic studies. In this study, using a Swedish version of Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory, we test the learning preferences of Swedish police students in two groups, one at the beginning and one at the end of their studies. The students score quite far along what in the inventory is labelled the pragmatic side of the transforming axis, as opposed to the reflective side. Two alternative responses to this fact are discussed. The first is for the education programme to adapt to this learning preference and use mainly hands-on learning activities that fit the students’ preferences. The other is to take the opposite route and activate the students’ less-preferred side. The article argues for both ways but emphasizes the second as a means of training students’ general learning capabilities.
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| 9. |
- Lauritz, Lars Erik, 1965-
(författare)
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Spirande polisidentiteter : En studie av polisstudenters och nya polisers professionella identitet
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Who am I? Who are we? And how are the two entities connected? These are key issues of this study. Socialization and other sense making processes create new social identities. One possible identity is a professional one. Professional identities are discussed as a construction where expectations and experiences of construed images, cultural and professional understandings are key elements. Social identities are fundamentally described as social and individual reflections. The purpose of the study is to extend the comprehension of how professional identities are constructed and to study new professionals navigation through the complex network of images and contrasting pictures that meet them in that process. The professional identity of Swedish police officers is focused. The profession is - by many of the ten informants in this recurrent, in-depth interview study - described as a dream from childhood. The first of four interview-series has been conducted in beginning of police education, the last after nine months work experience. There are two motives that all informants mention for choosing the profession. The first is a wish to care for others and for the society, the second is excitement. Other mentioned motives are the police profession regarded as teamwork with a high community spirit. It is expected to give good opportunities to develop as individuals and is thought to be a practical occupation, described with key words such as handy and flexible. The construed image, how informants believe that others view the profession, is described either as polices as the selected model or as prejudiced and hostile. The mass media is regarded the main intermediary of the second image. By the informants, a good police is regarded as being without prejudices and is presented as male. Male strength is one desirable quality, though the strength preferably can be combined with female softness. The care-giving motive is accentuated as the most important one in the first interviews, but replaced by excitement as the most important one in practice. Some general discourses are discussed. The first three - the social, the recruitment, and the distrust discourse - are discussed as sources of understanding to the frequently discussed notion of the police profession as constituting strong team spirit. Police identity is also presented as unprejudiced, male and young in the sense of engagement and activity degree. All discourses are often challenged in work- experience, from cultural as well as from image perspectives. On a highly generalized level the police identity can be positioned as one with a high degree of community. When the stories are scrutinized clearly disparate patterns between individuals however appear. The differences are expressed either in accentuation or definition of the common labels. Earlier research on the fields of identity reveals some shortages. The individual's role in constructing social identities and the pure locus of identity is overlooked. To reduce that shortage, this study introduces a professional identity model where the individual´s position is connected to the common identity by expectations and experiences of three key identity elements -Culture, Image and the Profession itself.
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| 10. |
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Nordisk polisforskning : konferensskrift från den tredje nordiska polisforskningskonferensen, Umeå 2010
- 2011
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polisforskning är ett tvärvetenskapligt kunskapsfält där polisiärt arbete, poliser, deras arbete och effekter av det, studeras från olika perspektiv. Det är ett område som i Norden har tagit rejäl fart under 2000-talet. De flesta nordiska länder har genomfört eller håller på att genomföra en akademisering av polisutbildningen och har därigenom kunnat visa yrkespraktiker hur viktiga starka band till forskning är. En stark polisforskning kan spela en avgörande roll för att utveckla polisarbete i en positiv och önskad riktning, om polispraktiken och beslutsfattare utnyttjar kunskap som kommer ur den.Denna antologi är ett försök att underlätta och stimulera ett sådant utbyte. De 12 bidragen kommer ur några av alla de mer än 50 presentationer som gjordes vid den tredje Nordiska Polisforskningskonferensen i Umeå, den 17-19 november 2010.
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