| 1. |
- Aalykke, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Participants and Non-participants in the Scand-Ankle study - An alcohol cessation intervention at the time of fracture surgery
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Health Promotion. - 2226-5864. ; 5:2, s. 49-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Clinical experience indicates that patients declining participation in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) at the time of surgery are older, less healthy and of lower social status than patients accepting to participate, compromising the external validity of the RCT and bringing the non-participants in higher risk at surgery. To our knowledge, no studies exist on patients with hazardous alcohol consumption who decline participation in RCTs at the time of surgery. The aim was to compare characteristics of the participants and non-participants in the Scand-Ankle RCT. Method The Scand-Ankle study is a RCT that investigates the effect of a 6-week gold standard alcohol intervention (GSP-A) on postoperative complications in patients drinking >21 units/week and undergoing ankle fracture surgery. This study included eligible patients that declined to participate in the Scand-Ankle RCT but gave informed consent to follow-up in their medical record (N=67). Their perioperative patient characteristics were obtained from their medical record and the characteristics were compared to the patients enrolled in the study so far (N=61). Results The baseline characteristics showed no differences between participants and non-participants, but some tendencies towards the non-participants being older, having severak co-morbidities and higher ASA scores. None of the variables of interest in relation to postoperative complications (age over 70 years, comorbidity, daily smoking, ASA scores, fracture type, BMI, alcohol) were significant predictors for non-participation. Conclusion No differences were found between participants and non-participants and no patient characteristics could significantly predict participation.
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| 2. |
- Castelli, Ivano E., et al.
(författare)
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Data Management Plans : the Importance of Data Management in the BIG-MAP Project
- 2021
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Ingår i: Batteries & Supercaps. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2566-6223. ; 4:12, s. 1803-1812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open access to research data is increasingly important for accelerating research. Grant authorities therefore request detailed plans for how data is managed in the projects they finance. We have recently developed such a plan for the EU H2020 BIG-MAP project-a cross-disciplinary project targeting disruptive battery-material discoveries. Essential for reaching the goal is extensive sharing of research data across scales, disciplines and stakeholders, not limited to BIG-MAP and the European BATTERY 2030+ initiative but within the entire battery community. The key challenges faced in developing the data management plan for such a large and complex project were to generate an overview of the enormous amount of data that will be produced, to build an understanding of the data flow within the project and to agree on a roadmap for making all data FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable). This paper describes the process we followed and how we structured the plan.
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| 3. |
- Egholm, Julie Weber Melchior, et al.
(författare)
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Minor effect of patient education for alcohol cessation intervention on outcomes after acute fracture surgery : A randomized trial of 70 patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 93, s. 424-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High alcohol intake is associated with increased risk of postoperative complications. Alcohol cessation intervention is recommended prior to elective surgery. We investigated short- and long-term effects of perioperative intensive alcohol intervention in relation to acute ankle fracture surgery.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 70 patients requiring ankle fracture surgery and consuming ≥ 21 drinks weekly (1 drink = 12 g ethanol) were randomized to a manual-based 6-week intensive standardized alcohol cessation program, the Gold Standard Program (GSP-A), or treatment as usual (TAU), on the day of operation. GSP-A included 5 personal meetings, patient education, and motivational and pharmacological support (alcohol withdrawal prophylaxis, B vitamins, and low-dose disulfiram). Complications requiring treatment were measured after 6 weeks and 1 year. Alcohol intake was validated by biomarkers. Quality of life (QoL) was measured by the SF-36. Hospital costs were obtained from the National Hospital Costs Register.RESULTS: Postoperatively, complete alcohol cessation was higher in the GSP-A than in the TAU group (18/35 vs. 5/35, number needed to treat = 3, p ≤ 0.001), but not lowrisk consumption in the long term (10/35 vs. 7/33, p = 0.5). Number of complications in the short and long term (12/35 vs. 14/33, 16/35 vs. 18/33), the SF-36 score, or hospital costs in the short and long term (€6,294 vs. €8,024, €10,662 vs. €12,198), were similar between the groups.INTERPRETATION: Despite an effect on alcohol cessation and a positive tendency as regards the other outcomes, the postoperative complications, QoL, and costs were similar. Better perioperative strategies for acute surgical patients with high alcohol intake therefore need to be developed.
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| 4. |
- Hansen, Lea B.S., et al.
(författare)
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A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018, The Author(s). Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.
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| 5. |
- Munch Roager, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: A randomised cross-over trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 68:1, s. 83-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective T o investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality. Design 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of =6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed. Results 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p<0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p<0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye. Conclusion C ompared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic lowgrade inflammation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Tønnesen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Patient education for alcohol cessation intervention at the time of acute fracture surgery: study protocol for a randomised clinical multi-centre trial on a gold standard programme (Scand-Ankle).
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2482. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with hazardous alcohol intake are overrepresented in emergency departments and surgical wards. These patients have an increased risk of postoperative complications with prolonged hospital stays and admissions to intensive care unit after surgery. In elective surgery, preoperative alcohol cessation interventions can reduce postoperative complications, but no studies have investigated the effect of alcohol cessation intervention at the time of acute fracture surgery. This protocol describes a randomised clinical trial that aims to evaluate the effect of a new gold standard programme for alcohol cessation intervention in the perioperative period regarding postoperative complications, alcohol intake and cost-effectiveness.
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| 9. |
- Tønnesen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Two novel prehabilitation apps to help patients stop smoking and risky drinking prior to hip and knee arthroplasty
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Orthopaedics. - : Springer Nature. - 0341-2695 .- 1432-5195. ; 47:11, s. 2645-2653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Daily smoking or risky drinking increases the risk of complications after surgery by ~50%. Intensive prehabilitation aimed at complete cessation reduces the complication rate but is time-consuming. The purpose of this study was to carry out preoperative pilot tests (randomized design) of the feasibility (1A) and validation (1B) of two novel prehabilitation apps, habeat® (Ha-app) or rehaviour® (Re-app).METHODS: Patients scheduled for hip or knee arthroplasty with daily smoking, risky drinking, or both were randomised to one of the two apps. In part 1A, eight patients and their staff measured feasibility on a visual analog scale (VAS) and were interviewed about what worked well and the challenges requiring improvement. In part 1B, seven patients and their staff tested the improved apps for up to two weeks before validating the understanding, usability, coverage, and empowerment on a VAS and being interviewed.RESULTS: In 1A, all patients and staff returned scores of ≥5 for understanding the apps and mostly suggested technical improvements. In 1B, the scores varied widely for both apps, with no consensus achieved. Two of four patients (Ha-app) and one-third of the patients (Re-app) found the apps helpful for reducing smoking, but without successful quitting. The staff experienced low app competencies among patients and high time consumption. Specifically, patients most often needed help for the Ha-app, and the staff most often for Re-app; however, the staff reported the Re-app dashboard was more user-friendly. Support and follow-up from an addiction specialist staff member were suggested to complement the apps, thereby increasing the time consumption for staff.CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study to test prototype apps generated helpful feedback for the app developers. Based on the patient and staff comments, multiple improvements in functionality seem required before scaling up the evaluation for effect on prehabilitation and postoperative complications.
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| 10. |
- Wernheden, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Does an intensive alcohol cessation intervention at the time of fracture surgery induce smoking cessation? - The Scand-Ankle study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Health Promotion. - 2226-5864. ; 4:2, s. 48-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHazardous alcohol consumption is a risk factor for developing postoperative complications. Other risk factors are smoking, overweight, malnutrition and physical inactivity. Preoperative alcohol and smoking cessation programs have been found effective in reducing postoperative morbidity, but it remains unknown whether these induce a general change of lifestyle. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the gold standard alcohol intervention programme (GSP-A, which is based on the gold standard programme for smoking GSP-S) used in the Scand-Ankle study, affected the non-targeted risk factors; smoking, overweight, malnutrition and physical inactivity.Method64 patients with hazardous alcohol consumption who underwent ankle fracture surgery, were randomized to the GSP-A or usual care (control). The groups were compared at baseline and 6 weeks follow-up regarding lifestyle factors. An intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol analysis were performed using non-parametric statistics. ResultsThe ITT-analysis showed no significant differences between the GSP-A and control group regarding non-targeted risk factors. The per protocol analysis showed that alcohol cessation regardless of study group did not influence non-targeted risk factors.ConclusionThe GSP-A did not affect smoking, overweight, malnutrition and physical inactivity. Thus, a potential effect of the GSP-A on postoperative complications will likely be due to the effect on alcohol intake and not a general change in lifestyle. The findings suggest that multiple lifestyle interventions are required, e.g. combined alcohol and smoking cessation.
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