| 1. |
- Andersson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Status of the new injector for MAX-lab
- 2002
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Ingår i: 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference. ; , s. 772-774
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new injector for MAX-lab is built around two 125 MeV linacs [B. Anderberg, (2000)] equipped with SLED cavities [Z.D. Farkas, (1974)]. The electron beam is recirculated once to reach 500 MeV. A 2.3 MeV thermionic RF gun [B. Anderberg, (2000)] injects into the system. The RF-gun is put into operation and commissioning of the first linac is proceeding. Results from the thermionic RF-gun operation, linac commissioning and first beam operations are presented.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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The MAX IV facility
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Particle Accelerator Conference, EPAC2004, Lucerne, Switzerland.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Arndt, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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State of the Climate in 2016
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 98:8, s. S1-S280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2016, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued to increase and reach new record highs. The 3.5 +/- 0.1 ppm rise in global annual mean carbon dioxide from 2015 to 2016 was the largest annual increase observed in the 58-year measurement record. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface surpassed 400 ppm (402.9 +/- 0.1 ppm) for the first time in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800000 years. One of the strongest El Nino events since at least 1950 dissipated in spring, and a weak La Nina evolved later in the year. Owing at least in part to the combination of El Nino conditions early in the year and a long-term upward trend, Earth's surface observed record warmth for a third consecutive year, albeit by a much slimmer margin than by which that record was set in 2015. Above Earth's surface, the annual lower troposphere temperature was record high according to all datasets analyzed, while the lower stratospheric temperature was record low according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Mexico and India, reported record high annual temperatures while many others observed near-record highs. A week-long heat wave at the end of April over the northern and eastern Indian peninsula, with temperatures surpassing 44 degrees C, contributed to a water crisis for 330 million people and to 300 fatalities. In the Arctic the 2016 land surface temperature was 2.0 degrees C above the 1981-2010 average, breaking the previous record of 2007, 2011, and 2015 by 0.8 degrees C, representing a 3.5 degrees C increase since the record began in 1900. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 24 March, the sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, tying with 2015 at 7.2% below the 1981-2010 average. The September 2016 Arctic sea ice minimum extent tied with 2007 for the second lowest value on record, 33% lower than the 1981-2010 average. Arctic sea ice cover remains relatively young and thin, making it vulnerable to continued extensive melt. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which has the capacity to contribute similar to 7 m to sea level rise, reached a record low value. The onset of its surface melt was the second earliest, after 2012, in the 37-year satellite record. Sea surface temperature was record high at the global scale, surpassing the previous record of 2015 by about 0.01 degrees C. The global sea surface temperature trend for the 21st century-to-date of +0.162 degrees C decade(-1) is much higher than the longer term 1950-2016 trend of +0.100 degrees C decade(-1). Global annual mean sea level also reached a new record high, marking the sixth consecutive year of increase. Global annual ocean heat content saw a slight drop compared to the record high in 2015. Alpine glacier retreat continued around the globe, and preliminary data indicate that 2016 is the 37th consecutive year of negative annual mass balance. Across the Northern Hemisphere, snow cover for each month from February to June was among its four least extensive in the 47-year satellite record. Continuing a pattern below the surface, record high temperatures at 20-m depth were measured at all permafrost observatories on the North Slope of Alaska and at the Canadian observatory on northernmost Ellesmere Island. In the Antarctic, record low monthly surface pressures were broken at many stations, with the southern annular mode setting record high index values in March and June. Monthly high surface pressure records for August and November were set at several stations. During this period, record low daily and monthly sea ice extents were observed, with the November mean sea ice extent more than 5 standard deviations below the 1981-2010 average. These record low sea ice values contrast sharply with the record high values observed during 2012-14. Over the region, springtime Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion was less severe relative to the 1991-2006 average, but ozone levels were still low compared to pre-1990 levels. Closer to the equator, 93 named tropical storms were observed during 2016, above the 1981-2010 average of 82, but fewer than the 101 storms recorded in 2015. Three basins-the North Atlantic, and eastern and western North Pacific-experienced above-normal activity in 2016. The Australian basin recorded its least active season since the beginning of the satellite era in 1970. Overall, four tropical cyclones reached the Saffir-Simpson category 5 intensity level. The strong El Nino at the beginning of the year that transitioned to a weak La Nina contributed to enhanced precipitation variability around the world. Wet conditions were observed throughout the year across southern South America, causing repeated heavy flooding in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Wetter-than-usual conditions were also observed for eastern Europe and central Asia, alleviating the drought conditions of 2014 and 2015 in southern Russia. In the United States, California had its first wetter-than-average year since 2012, after being plagued by drought for several years. Even so, the area covered by drought in 2016 at the global scale was among the largest in the post-1950 record. For each month, at least 12% of land surfaces experienced severe drought conditions or worse, the longest such stretch in the record. In northeastern Brazil, drought conditions were observed for the fifth consecutive year, making this the longest drought on record in the region. Dry conditions were also observed in western Bolivia and Peru; it was Bolivia's worst drought in the past 25 years. In May, with abnormally warm and dry conditions already prevailing over western Canada for about a year, the human-induced Fort McMurray wildfire burned nearly 590000 hectares and became the costliest disaster in Canadian history, with $3 billion (U.S. dollars) in insured losses.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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MAX4, a 3 GeV light source with a flexible injector
- 2002
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Ingår i: 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference. ; , s. 686-687
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX4 ring is intended to be the future user facility at MAXlab. The high-brilliance 3 GeV storage ring, equipped with small gap, short period superconducting undulators, demonstrates a high mean brilliance over a wide photon energy spectrum. The ring itself is defined from the routine operation of the small gap insertion devices, which is reflected in the small aperture of the ring magnets. The development of future light sources, like the free electron laser and energy recovery systems, opens up new challenging possibilities to create high brilliance, short pulse radiation. This development is today far from being mature, a strong development of new ideas and techniques will most probably take place during the next decade(s). The MAX4 full-energy injector is constructed to incorporate these future developments. The proposed 3 GeV energy recovery race-track microtron will open up the possibility of topping up injection and to deliver Fourier transform limited spontaneous as well as coherent radiation up to the hard X-ray spectral region
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| 5. |
- Fresard, Laure, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of rare-disease genes using blood transcriptome sequencing and large control cohorts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 25:6, s. 911-919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is estimated that 350 million individuals worldwide suffer from rare diseases, which are predominantly caused by mutation in a single gene(1). The current molecular diagnostic rate is estimated at 50%, with whole-exome sequencing (WES) among the most successful approaches(2-5). For patients in whom WES is uninformative, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has shown diagnostic utility in specific tissues and diseases(6-8). This includes muscle biopsies from patients with undiagnosed rare muscle disorders(6,9), and cultured fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial disorders(7). However, for many individuals, biopsies are not performed for clinical care, and tissues are difficult to access. We sought to assess the utility of RNA-seq from blood as a diagnostic tool for rare diseases of different pathophysiologies. We generated whole-blood RNA-seq from 94 individuals with undiagnosed rare diseases spanning 16 diverse disease categories. We developed a robust approach to compare data from these individuals with large sets of RNA-seq data for controls (n = 1,594 unrelated controls and n = 49 family members) and demonstrated the impacts of expression, splicing, gene and variant filtering strategies on disease gene identification. Across our cohort, we observed that RNA-seq yields a 7.5% diagnostic rate, and an additional 16.7% with improved candidate gene resolution.
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| 6. |
- Hunter Dunn, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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Elliptically polarised soft X-rays produced using a local bump in MAX II characterisation of the degree of polarisation
- 2004
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 705, s. 65-68
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- MAX-lab has introduced a local perturbation to the electron orbit of the MAX II storage ring, providing users at the SX700 monochromator beam line, D1011, with elliptically polarised soft X-rays. This is achieved by using corrector magnets to send the electron orbit on an ascending or descending trajectory through the dipole magnet source. This simple "bump" approach has many advantages over and above insertion device based solutions. To illustrate the potential of the approach, the degree of circular polarisation, Pc, has both been calculated and measured. The calculation was made by applying the Stokes formalism to the intensities given by the standard dipole emission formula. Experimentally Pc was characterised using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements. In such experiments magnetic contrast scales directly proportional to Pc. Using a 25 atomic layer bcc Fe film deposited on the Cu(100) surface as a calibration standard the spin moment, ms, was determined. By comparing the values of ms obtained here with those reported earlier, the degree of circular polarisation could be estimated. At ~715 eV the calculated and measured values of Pc are 0.93 and 0.85, respectively
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| 7. |
- LeBlanc, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the MAX-wiggler
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 521:2-3, s. 530-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel insertion device for electron storage rings, called the MAX-Wiggler [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 467-468 (2001) 118], has been constructed at MAX-lab. The MAX-Wiggler is a cold bore superconducting wiggler magnet with 47,3.5 T poles and a period length of 61 mm. It is designed for the production of X-rays at the 1.5 GeV electron storage ring MAX-II [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 343 (1994) 644] at MAX-lab. The MAX-Wiggler has been installed in the storage ring and this note describes the influence of the new insertion device on the storage ring performance. The main influence of the new insertion device is a vertical focusing effect which alters the beta functions. The vertical focusing of the insertion device has been compensated for by adjusting the magnetic optics of the storage ring. The measurements of the beam optics have been made using the response matrix method [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 388 (1997) 27]. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- LeBlanc, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the MAX wiggler
- 2002
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Ingår i: 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference. ; , s. 2622-2624
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX wiggler [G. LeBlanc et al., (2001)] is a cold bore superconducting wiggler with 47 3.5 T poles and a period length of 61 mm constructed at MAX-lab. It has now been installed on the MAX-II [A. Andersson et al., (1994)] storage ring. This paper describes the performance of the cryostat and initial studies of the effects of the wiggler on the electron beam
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| 9. |
- LeBlanc, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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MAX 4, A 3 GEV light source
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference. ; 4, s. 2321-2323
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A proposal for a new synchrotron light source, MAX 4, is presented. The main components are two identical storage rings operated at different electron beam energies and equipped with superconducting insertion devices. Small beam emittances will yield high brilliance radiation over a wide spectral range. A small horizontal emittance is achieved by using a large number of cells with gradient dipoles flanked by horizontally focusing quadrupoles. A small magnet aperture allows strong gradients in dipoles and strong sextupole components in quadrupoles. This results in an equilibrium emittance on the order of 1 nmrad. A full-energy injector, enabling top-up operation, will be a 3 GeV S-band linac with an energy doubling system. This opens up the possibility to produce short, intense radiation pulses, coherent as well as spontaneous.
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| 10. |
- LeBlanc, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Status of the MAX III storage ring
- 2003
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Ingår i: Particle Accelerator Conference 2003, Stanford, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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