| 1. |
- Ardila-Ardila, A., et al.
(författare)
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HUMANS: una batería neuropsicologica para la evaluación de pacientes infectados con VIH-1 : [Humans: a neuropsychological battery for evaluating HIV-1 infected patients]
- 2003
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Ingår i: Revista de Neurocirugía. - 1514-3716. ; 36:8, s. 756-762
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To develop a neuropsychological test battery in Spanish for the cognitive evaluation of HIV-1 infected patients. Development. Departing from the suggestions presented by the work group of the National Institute of Mental Health (USA), a neuropsychological assessment battery was developed. It was named HUMANS (HIV/University of Miami Annotated Neuropsychological test battery in Spanish). This battery includes the following domains: 1) attention and speed of processing information, 2) memory, 3) executive function, 4) language, 5) visuospacial/visuoconstructive abilities, and 6) motor abilities. Administration takes about 3-4 hours. The English parallel version of this battery has been successfully used in English for over a decade with HIV-1 infected patients. In the paper the development and adaptation to Spanish language of the HUMANS neuropsychology section is presented Conclusions. HUMANS neuropsychological test battery fulfill the recommendations presented by the workgroup of the National Institute of Mental Health for evaluating HIV-1 infected patients. Studies regarding validity and reliability are still required.
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| 2. |
- Burbano, X., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of a selenium chemoprevention clinical trial on hospital admissions of HIV-infected participants
- 2002
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Ingår i: HIV Clinical Trials. - 1528-4336 .- 1945-5771. ; 3:6, s. 483-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the impact of selenium chemoprevention (200 μg/day) on hospitalizations in HIV-positive individuals. Method: Data were obtained from 186 HIV+ men and women participating in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled selenium clinical trial (1998-2000). Supplements were dispensed monthly, and clinical evaluations were conducted every 6 months. Inpatient hospitalizations, hospitalization costs, and rates of hospitalization were determined 2 years before and during the trial. Results: At enrollment, no significant differences in CD4 cell counts or viral burden were observed between the two study arms. Fewer placebo-treated participants were using antiretrovirals (p < .05). The total number of hospitalizations declined from 157 before the trial to 103 during the 2-year study. A marked decrease in total admission rates (RR = 0.38; p =.002) and percent of hospitalizations due to infection/100 patients for those receiving selenium was observed (p = .01). As a result, the cost for hospitalization decreased 58% in the selenium group, compared to a 30% decrease in the placebo group (p = .001). In the final analyses, selenium therapy continued to be a significant independent factor associated with lower risk of hospitalization (p = .001). Conclusion: Selenium supplementation appears to be a beneficial adjuvant treatment to decrease hospitalizations as well as the cost of caring for HIV-1-infected patients.
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| 3. |
- Burbano, X., et al.
(författare)
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Thrombocytopenia in HIV-infected drug users in the HAART era
- 2001
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7104 .- 1369-1635. ; 12:8, s. 456-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present case-control study compared 26 HIV+ drug users having persistent thrombocytopenia (TCP< 150 000/mm(3)) with 54 available age, gender and HIV CDC classification matched controls with normal platelet counts. Participants were followed longitudinally over a 2-year period (1998-2000), and hematological alterations evaluated in relationship to antiretroviral treatment, drug use and nutritional (selenium) status. Demographic information and medical history, including antiretroviral treatment were obtained. Blood was drawn for complete cell blood count, T lymphocytes and viral load. Sixty-nine percent of the individuals with persistent TCP and 49% of the controls were receiving antiretrovirals. At baseline, no significant differences in CD4 existed between the two groups. Over time, CD4 cell count declined in the cases (P = 0.05) and a significantly higher proportion of the cases (38%) developed AIDS (CD4< 200 cell/mm(3)), as compared to the controls (18%, P = 0.004). A high risk for development of thrombocytopenia was observed with specific drug use (heroin 2.96 times, P = 0.0007), selenium levels below 145 mug/l (6 times, P = 0.008), and abnormal liver enzyme (SGOT) levels (2 times, P = 0.002). Together, these results indicate a number of factors that may be sensitive predictors of thrombocytopenia, which, despite antiretroviral treatment, appears to be related to more rapid disease progression in drug users.
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| 4. |
- Shor-Posner, G., et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life measures in the Miami HIV-1 infected drug abusers cohort : Relationship to gender and disease status
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Substance Abuse. - : Elsevier. - 0899-3289 .- 1873-6491. ; 11:4, s. 395-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study examined activity, daily living, health, support, and outlook in HIV+ drug users. Methods: Using the physician-administered Spitzer Index, the study assessed 75 HIV-1 seropositive men (n = 51) and women (n = 24) enrolled in the Miami HIV-1 Infected Drug Abusers Study (MIDAS). Results: Total composite scores were significantly lower in the HIV-1 infected women than the men (p = .03). Significant gender differences were observed in activity assessment, independent of disease status, with women six times as likely to have lower activity scores (p = .0038). Most women (45%) in this category were homeless or marginally housed, compared to II percent of the men. Additionally, women with low activity scores had less social support than women with high activity scares. Cocaine use was significantly related to reports of normal activity, and varied across genders; more men used cocaine than women (p = .03). Conylared to non-AIDS participants, AIDS patients were more likely to have lower scores in health (p = .009) and poorer outlook (p = .03). Implications: These findings reveal specific deficits in areas of psychosocial capacity particularly in HIV-1 infected women who abuse drugs, that may need to be strengthened in order to enhance function and adherence to treatment, as well as well-being.
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