| 1. |
- Valve, Paivi, et al.
(författare)
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LINDA - a solution-focused low-intensity intervention aimed at improving health behaviors of young females : a cluster-randomized controlled trial
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BMC. - 1471-2458. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized, long-term support lifestyle counseling approach in promoting healthy physical activity, improving dietary and sleeping behaviors, and preventing weight gain in young females. The counseling approach's intensity was designed to be low enough to be implementable in primary health care. Methods: Young women (n = 3,059, age at baseline 17-21 years) attending a population-based human papilloma virus vaccination trial (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00122681) in 15 vaccination centers in different communities across Finland, were cluster-randomized into intervention and control arms of the LINDA intervention. Both intervention and control arms received counseling on sexual health and contraception from the study nurses as part of the vaccination trial. Additionally, the LINDA intervention arm (n = 1,537) received a 20-minute individualized lifestyle counseling session followed by further support at the six-monthly follow-up visits of the vaccination trial, in total for 1.5-2.5 years. The LINDA solution-focused brief therapy intervention focused on healthy physical activity, and dietary and sleeping behaviors, based on the needs and interests of the participants. Anthropometrics were measured, and data on health-related behaviors were collected using self-report questionnaires at baseline and after the intervention at 1.5-2.5 years. Results: In the intervention arm, 37% vs. 31% in the control arm made an overall improvement in their health behaviors concerning physical activity, meal regularity and/or earlier bedtime (NNT = 18, 95% CI = 11-50). The per-protocol analysis further revealed that 30% of those who actually received lifestyle change support on healthy physical activity behaviors improved their physical activity level vs. 23% in the control group (NNT = 15, 95% CI = 9-38). Respectively, 36% of those who received support on healthy sleeping behaviors went to sleep earlier before school-/work-days after the intervention vs. 28% in the control group (NNT = 13, 95% CI = 7-61). Dinner irregularity increased in both groups, but less in the intervention group among those who received support on healthy dietary behaviors (NNT = 15, 95% CI = 9-46). There was no effect on weight gain between baseline and study end-point. Conclusions: The solution-focused brief therapy intervention, with individually tailored content, helped to make small, long-term overall improvements in health behaviors concerning physical activity, meal regularity and/or earlier bedtime.
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| 2. |
- Aikomus, L., et al.
(författare)
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Työn fyysisen kuormittavuuden yhteys fyysiseen toimintakykyyn alle 40-vuotiailla kunta-alan työntekijöillä [Associations between physically demanding work and physical functioning among municipal employees under 40 years of age]
- 2021
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Ingår i: SOSIAALILÄÄKETIETEELLINEN AIKAKAUSLEHTI. - 0355-5097. ; 58, s. 445-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physically demanding work in middle-aged and ageing employees is associated with poor physical functioning. Also younger employees have limitations in their daily functioning, but there is no research on the associations between physically demanding work and physical functioning during early careers. This study investigated whether physically demanding work is associated with physical functioning in employees aged 18–39 years. The data were collected in autumn 2017 from the City of Helsinki employees born in or after 1978 (n=11,459). Out of them, 5,111 responded online or via a mailed paper survey. We included those 4,585 (40% of all those invited) who had responded to all necessary questions for the present study. Physical functioning was assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire, and poor physical functioning was defined as the lowest quarter of the physical functioning score (PCS ≤48.80, total scale 1-100). Physical workload was determined with a multi-part question about factors related to work and the work environment, and the degree of perceived harm caused by them. The physical workload scores were divided into thirds. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between physically demanding work and physical functioning, while adjusting for health behaviours, sleep problems, body mass index, education and marital status. Poor physical functioning was associated with physically moderately (OR 1.70, 95%CI 1.43-2.00) and highly (OR 3.56 [2.70-4.70]) demanding work. In addition, frequent sleep problems (OR 1.90 [1.67-2.22]), obesity (OR 1.89 [1.56-2.30]) and low education (OR 1.37 [1.10-1.71]) were associated with poor physical functioning. Tackling physically demanding work may play a role in maintaining physical functioning (and subsequently) working capacity.Keywords: physical functioning, work load, young workers, health behaviour
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| 3. |
- Buli, Benti Geleta, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in adolescent mental health problems and the role of lifestyle factors
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background:Adolescent mental health problems are on the rise globally, including in Sweden. One indicator is an increase in psychosomatic symptoms (PSS) over time. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity (PA), diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption may influence the trends in PSS. However, we found limited research on such associations.Methods:This study is based on data collected every four years from nationally representative samples of 15-year-old boys and girls in Sweden (N = 9,196, 50.5% girls), as part of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. PSS was measured using a scale developed from the HBSC symptom checklist. We analyzed the trends in PSS from 2002 to 2018 and fitted models to investigate the associations between the trends and lifestyle factors. We included interaction terms between time and each lifestyle factor and fitted separate models for the high and low socioeconomic status (SES) groups.ResultsIn general, the mean scores for PSS increased from 2.26 in 2002 to 2.49 in 2018 (p<.001). Compared to the average mean scores during preceding years, the changes in PSS mean scores at each survey year were also significant in all years except 2010. More frequent breakfast intake, daily consumption of fruits and vegetables, and higher PA were associated with lower PSS mean scores while smoking and alcohol consumption had the opposite association. The only significant interaction (B = .050; CI: .015, ¬ .085; p<.01) was observed in the high SES group, indicating that the increasing trend in PSS was stronger among those who had been drunk once or more in a lifetime, compared to those who had never been drunk.ConclusionsThe results indicate increasing trends in mental health problems among young people in Sweden. Furthermore, the study revealed that alcohol drunkenness was associated with a more substantial rise in PSS over time among those in the high SES group. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind these findings.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Buli, Benti Geleta, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in psychosomatic symptoms among adolescents and the role of lifestyle factors
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - 1471-2458. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Adolescent mental health problems are on the rise globally, including in Sweden. One indicator of this trend is increased psychosomatic symptoms (PSS) over time. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity (PA), diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption may influence the time trends in PSS; however, the evidence base is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between time trends in PSS and lifestyle factors.Methods The study was based on data collected from a nationally representative sample of 9,196 fifteen-year-old boys and girls in Sweden using the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) symptom checklist. The sample comprised nearly equal proportions of girls (50.5%) and boys. The lifestyle factors examined in this study included PA, regular breakfast intake, consumption of fruits, vegetables, sweets, or soft drinks, smoking, and alcohol drunkenness. We used data from 2002 to 2018 and stratified by family affluence scale (FAS) to demonstrate how the associations varied among the FAS groups. We fitted separate regression models for the high- and low-FAS groups, where interaction terms between the year of survey and each lifestyle factor were used to estimate the level and direction of associations between the factors and trends in PSS.Results There was a generally increasing trend in PSS mean scores from 2.26 in 2002 to 2.49 in 2018 (p <.001). The changes in each survey year compared to the average mean scores during the preceding years were significant in all years except 2010. Regular breakfast intake, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, and higher PA were associated with lower PSS mean scores, while smoking and drunkenness had opposite associations with PSS. The only significant interaction between survey year and the lifestyle factors was observed regarding drunkenness in the high FAS group, suggesting that the association between trends in PSS and the experience of getting drunk at least twice got stronger over time (B = 0.057; CI:0.016, 0.097; p <.01).Conclusions The results indicate increasing trends in PSS among young people in Sweden from 2002 to 2018, with a significant increase observed among adolescents in the high FAS group who reported getting drunk on at least two occasions.
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| 6. |
- Cushnie, Anya, et al.
(författare)
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HIV program outcomes for Jamaica before and after “Treat All” : A population-based study using the national treatment services database
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThe study aims to assess changes in HIV treatment outcomes for Jamaica after the implementation of the WHO Treat All strategy in January 2017, as well as identify variables associated with clinical stage at diagnosis and viral load status, in order to understand implications for enhancing the HIV clinical cascade and boosting progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets.MethodThis is a population-based study using the National Treatment Service Information System. The sample consists of persons 15 years and older, placed on treatment before and after Treat All was implemented, across all 4 regional health authorities in Jamaica. Patients were assessed for two binary outcomes: 1. stage at HIV diagnosis (early/baseline CD4 cell count ≧350 cells/mm3, or late/ baseline CD4 <350 cells/mm3), 2. viral load status achieved after ART initiation (suppressed/<1000 copies/ml or non-suppressed/ ≥1000 copies/ml). Categorical variables: age/years, gender and health regions, were investigated using multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are reported.ResultsAfter Treat All, there was an increase in median baseline CD4 results as the proportion of late diagnoses decreased from 60% to 39%. There was a small increase in viral suppression from 76% to 80%, a decrease in baseline viral load testing from 61% to 46% and an increase in the uptake of first viral load testing after starting treatment from 13% to 19%. Males and persons 40+ years had higher odds of late diagnosis before and after Treat All.ConclusionJamaica’s HIV program outcomes have improved after Treat All was implemented. ART initiation time significantly decreased. Early diagnosis, viral load testing uptake and viral suppression increased. However, there is a need to implement targeted testing for men and persons over 40 years to decrease the frequency of late diagnosis.
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| 9. |
- Hakola, L., et al.
(författare)
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Maternal fatty acid intake during pregnancy and the development of childhood overweight : a birth cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pediatric Obesity. - : WILEY. - 2047-6302 .- 2047-6310. ; 12, s. 26-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMaternal diet during pregnancy may contribute to the risk of offspring adiposity. ObjectivesThe objective of the study is to explore the associations between maternal antenatal dietary fatty acid intake and the risk of offspring overweight and obesity at the ages of 2 to 7years. MethodsIn a prospective Finnish birth cohort with 3807 mother-child pairs, maternal diet in late pregnancy was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Intakes of total fatty acids and individual saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were calculated. Generalized estimating equation models were used to study the associations of maternal dietary variables with repeatedly measured offspring overweight and obesity. ResultsIn girls, maternal intake ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFAs had a U-shaped association with obesity (adjusted OR for the lowest 2.0 [95% CI 1.27-3.20] and the highest 1.7 [1.03-2.73] vs. the two middle quartiles of n-6:n-3 PUFAs, p=0.01). In boys, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6): docosahexaenoic acid+eicosapentaenoic acid ratio was associated with obesity (adjusted OR for the lowest 1.0 [0.60-1.57] and the highest 0.5 [0.26-0.88] vs. the two middle quartiles, p=0.02). Saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were not associated with overweight or obesity in either sex. ConclusionsMaternal intakes of PUFAs in late pregnancy were associated with risk of later obesity differently in girls and boys.
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