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- Bodén, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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On-chip liquid storage and dispensing for lab-on-a-chip applications
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. - : IOP Publishing. - 0960-1317 .- 1361-6439. ; 18:7, s. 075036-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents novel components for on-chip storage and dispensing inside a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) for applications in immunoassay point-of-care testing (POCT), where incubation and washing steps are essential. It involves easy-to-use on-chip solutions for the sequential thermo-hydraulic actuation of liquids. The novel concept of combining the use of a rubber plug, both as a non-return valve cap and as a liquid injection interface of a sealed reservoir, allows simple filling of a sterilized cavity, as well as the storage and dispensing of reagent and washing buffer liquids. Segmenting the flow with air spacers enables effective rinsing and the use of small volumes of on-chip stored liquids. The chip uses low-resistance resistors as heaters in the paraffin actuator, providing the low-voltage actuation that is preferred for handheld battery driven instruments.
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- Edström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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DORT2002 version 2.0 User Manual
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The DORT2002 software is a fast and accurate tool for solving radiative transfer problems in vertically inhomogeneous turbid media, using a discrete ordinate model geometry. DORT2002 is implemented in MATLAB, and is adapted to light scattering simulations in paper and print. The DORT2002 Graphical User Interface is a tool developed to provide users with a fast and easy way of performing DORT2002 simulations. It works as a shell that encapsulates the parameters and the function calls, and offers powerful simulations through a mouse click. This report gives a thorough description of how to install and use DORT2002, version 2.0, and the Graphical User Interface.
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- Edström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Fast and Stable Solution Method for Angle-Resolved Light Scattering Simulation II - Model Enhancements
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report continues previous work to extensively treat a solution method to the radiative transfer problem. Several enhancements have been made, including handling of multilayer structures, handling of sharply peaked phase functions, and code optimization. The resulting model is referred to as DORT2002, now in version 2.0, and has been implemented in MATLAB using a discrete ordinate model geometry. The introduction of a graphical user interface makes the model easy to use, and any desired simulation is just a button-click away. The main steps to get a numerically stable multilayer solution procedure include the preconditioning of the system of equations for the boundary and continuity conditions, and the avoidance of over- and underflow in the multilayer solution and interpolation formulas. Important are also the recognition of potential divide-by-zero situations, and reformulation of those. Several measures are taken to make the code fast. This includes exploitation of the sparse structure of the system of equations for the boundary and continuity conditions. Several features allow high speed by maintaining accuracy at significantly lower number of channels than would otherwise be needed, or by automatically stopping calculations earlier when certain convergence criteria have been met. Comments are given on possible applications in the paper and printing industries. It is suggested that the Kubelka-Munk model should be replaced with DORT2002 in most applications.
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- Edström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Performance and application of the DORT2002 light scattering simulation model
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Models for calculating the light intensity inside an illuminated turbid medium, e.g. paper, involve several numerical challenges, and are crucial for the paper and printing industries. DORT2002 is a fast and numerically stable solution procedure for this problem, which has been implemented in MATLAB. This report studies the performance and application of DORT2002, and is the documentation of an extensive test series. All major steps that are taken to improve stability and speed of DORT2002 are discussed, and the resulting improvements are illustrated. Comparison of accuracy, applicability and speed between DORT2002 and three other models when applied to different sets of relevant test problems is covered. The performance tests show that the steps that are taken to improve stability and speed of DORT2002 are very successful, together giving an unconditionally stable solution procedure to a problem previously considered numerically intractable, and together decreasing computation time with a factor 1 000-10 000 in typical cases and with a factor up to and beyond 10 000 000 in extreme cases. Further investigations and developments are suggested, that can have a large positive impact on computation time. The application tests show very good agreement with three other model types. DORT2002 is shown to have better accuracy and much larger range of applicability than Kubelka-Munk, and to be much faster than Grace in relevant test cases. It is also shown that DORT2002 and Grace have good agreement, and that the agreement between the results from DORT2002 and DISORT which is claimed to be the finest radiative transfer software available - is very good without exception, which gives strong support for the accuracy of DORT2002. The conclusion is that Kubelka-Munk should be replaced with DORT2002 for most applications, and that a combination of Grace and DORT2002 should be used for accurate modeling of paper and print.
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