| 1. |
- Allan, Jon, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Listener Preferences in Streamed Music
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of The Audio Engineering Society. - : AUDIO ENGINEERING SOC. - 1549-4950. ; 70:3, s. 156-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cross-disciplinary study between the two research areas of Audio Technology and Music Education was performed to assess how different aspects of education and experience may influence the experience of music listening given a typical streaming service-Spotify.(1) The point of departure is that streamed media facilitates a plenitude of versions of the same song. The paper focuses on the differences that these different songs yield from various mastering processes and production choices motivated by the end distribution media and user settings in the playback system that aim to alter the sound. These variations may all lead to differences in musical dynamics and timbre. A listening test was conducted to examine listeners’ preferences, the assessed audio quality, and subjects’ reports on how the music content affected them when given the possibility to compare versions in a controlled environment. The test subjects (n = 76) represented populations with various educational backgrounds and experience within music and audio technology. Among the results, it was found that education and experience in some cases do affect preferences.
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| 2. |
- Leijonhufvud, Susanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Affordances of Musical Sound : Listening to the Spotify Streaming Service
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of musical Bildung, a study was performed to assess how different aspects of education and experience may influence the affordance from music listening in a typical streaming service such as Spotify. This was done by investigating whether subjects’ backgrounds affect preferences and/or choice of wording in motivations when comparing versions of different tunes. The versions that were compared were selected for typical differences that may occur in a streaming context full of choices, e.g. different masters or user settings. Five different tunes were compared in a classic A/B test. A survey, related to the A/B test, captured three aspects of perceived differences: preference, musical affection and audio quality. Questions were also added to capture a range of background factors that were assumed to affect these aspects, e.g. listening habits, earlier musical education and/or socialisation. Earlier research has shown that similar tests were performed with people of convenience, e.g. sound or computer engineers, predominantly males 25–45 years of age. They have thus not accounted for the results from psychoacoustic studies which have stated that preferences may differ on behalf of demographic factors such as gender and age. In the study at hand, the common selection of participants was challenged by performing a strategic selection of participants. This included professional musicians, students within music education, professional sound engineers, students in sound engineering and people without any explicit education within the expertise areas accounted for above. The number of participants was N=60 of mixed gender and of varying ages from 13 years and up. The presentation will show several statistically significant results.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bjerstedt, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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The playing now : A philosophical investigation of present time in music
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nordiskt nätverk för musikpedagogisk forskning (NNMPF), 2015. - Helsingfors : Sibelius Academy.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Music, such as the duration of a musical piec e or length of a concert, can b e measured by metronomes and clocks in objective time ( chronos ). However, playing an instrument, singing, attending a concert, listening to a record or reading a musical score are musical activities also experienced as subjective time ( kairos) . Music has an intrinsic temporal dimension of experienced time , often including an intensification of the present moment, coexisting intertwined with its measurable dimensions. This makes music a fasc inating object for philosophical exploration. Musical practice em bodie s temporal phenomena like pulse, tempo, timing, ad lib, accelerando and fermata. The musical present can be viewed as a moment of sem antic fullness , a meaningful moment . Music can carry narrative, which is a related phenomenon, also containing intrinsic temporality. Furthermore, music can be improvised in the present moment. The tonal texture of music is experienced as a context, a coherency with an intrinsic temporality. This symposium is set to investigate how music can be experienced, philosophically speaking, in the present moment. In order to do this, we introduce a number of prominent Western philosophers who have taken an interest in the phenomenon of time by using the phenomenon o f music as a lens: Saint Augustine, Husserl, Bakhtin and Ricoeur.
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| 5. |
- Burkart, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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The Spotifyication of public service media
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Information Society. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0197-2243 .- 1087-6537. ; 35:4, s. 173-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates contemporary cultural policy reforms enabled by paid digital media distribution services, taking the case of the integration of Spotify into the Swedish public media system. Specifically, it reflects on the conflicts arising over the prioritization of digital distribution over cultural preservation, during the gradual substitution of the Spotify digital services for the services provided by the traditional material media archive, the Grammofonarkivet. It considers the factors influencing changes in the Swedish cultural policy environment and the nature of the complaints and human rights claims made by employees of the Grammofonarkivet to UNESCO regarding its structural transformation. It also postulates a “Spotification” model of public service media emerging in Sweden but potentially affecting other countries with public media systems served by traditional media archives.
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| 6. |
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Explorativ bildning i strömmande medier : Spotify som ett case
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vilka bildningsprocesser kan urskiljas ur människors Spotifyanvändande? Det visar sig att ett sådant användande är tätt sammanflätat med musikalisk- såväl som digital kunskap. Med ett fokus på de bildningsprocesser som sker i samspelet mellan människa, teknik och musik utmanas förståelsen av vad en strömmande musiktjänst som Spotify kan erbjuda.”Evolving Bildung in the nexus of streaming services, art and users – Spotify as a case” är ett tvärdisciplinärt projekt som visar hur människans bildningsprocesser villkoras, utmanas och möjliggörs i och med den strömmande medieutvecklingen. Denna bok kan med fördel användas inom utbildningar i musikpedagogik, musikvetenskap, musikproduktion, ljudteknik, pedagogik, kulturstudier, sociologi, samt medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ferm-Almqvist, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Evolving Bildung in the Nexus of Streaming Services, Art andUsers : Spotify as a Case
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The changed landscape of media, with digital distribution as a keyfactor, creates new conditions for people’s access to cultural expressions. This has mainly been studied through technical and financial perspectives, focusing on the record industry, file sharing, human–technology interaction, and click frequency. New questionsare necessary for an understanding of what functions streamed musicand art expressions can have in people’s lives, and how companies such as Spotify relate to these functions.The aim of the study is to explore Bildung in the nexus of streaming services, art and users, with Spotify as a case study. Research questions: How and to what extent do technical, legal, economic, and ethical factors control possibilities for meaningmaking in the interaction between streaming media such as Spotify, arts, and human beings? How does the quality of art/music distributed through streaming influence opportunites for Bildung? How do users make meaning in the specific contexts? To what extent is the user involved in her own Bildung via the algorithms making up the participation?To achieve this aim and address the research questions an interdisciplinary study is needed, which makes it possible to understand the complex phenomena of a streaming media platform in relation to Bildung. Technicians and researchers from the humanities and social sciences will approach the research problem and form a holistic understanding of streaming media in relation to human beings, art, and technology. Hence, combinations of methodological approaches are required. Big-data analysis will provide access to how varied demographics use Spotify. The Spotify users’ activities, experiences of streaming media interactions, and meaning-making will be accessed through qualitative netnographical observations, shadowing, and interviews. Sound quality analysis will clarify what aesthetic values are involved in the most appreciated listening experiences, which will be related to Bildung.
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| 9. |
- Ferm Almqvist, Cecilia, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Evolving musical Bildung in streaming media – Spotify as a case : Reflections upon a pilot study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Konferensbidrag. - : Mirac (Music Focused Interdisciplinary Research & Analysis Center). ; , s. 10-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presentation will share experiences of and reflections upon a pilot study based on stimulated recall interviews aiming to explore the meaning and function of streaming media as a facilitator of musical Bildung. It can be stated that new technology has the possibility to provide information and education for everyone. Today, most people can access the same information for "free", which is interesting from a democratic perspective. Access to music in relation to the new, transformed music industry has been studied from technological and economical perspectives. Even listening habits and listening frequencies, have been investigated through analyses of Big Data. Hence, we stated a need to reflect upon and discuss the meaning and function of streamed music in people's lives, taking as a starting point the affordances and constraints of the music streaming services. Using Spotify as a case, based on phenomenological perspectives of Bildung, a cross disciplinary project was created. In the presentation we want to answer share preliminary results from a pilot stimulated interview study. A netnographic oriented approach where chosen, given its focus on distinguishing meanings and human practice in varied contexts, and combined with shadowing and individual interviews, supported by stimulated recall. The participants gathered their user activities that took place during a limited period of time, and also in what ways these were shared and expressed in varied social media. The stimulated recall interviews were documented through the use of a web based videoconference application, transcribed and subjected to qualitative content analysis. The paper presentation aims to share and discuss the use of methods as well as preliminary results, which hopefully can contribute with insights when it comes to how streamed music functions, and can be used consciously, within the field of music education.
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| 10. |
- Ferm Almqvist, Cecilia, Professor, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Spotify as a case of musical Bildung
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Research in Music Education. - Oslo : Cappelen Damm AS. - 2703-8041. ; 2:1, s. 89-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the meaning and function of streaming media as a potential facilitator of musical Bildung. Taking the affordances of streaming media technologies as a starting point, the article thus focuses on the formative and cultivating dimensions a music streaming service such as Spotify might offer. The specific aim of this article is to describe and analyse how musical Bildung may evolve within a Spotify context from a user perspective. To address the aim from the point of view of music education, Spotify users’ activities and experiences of streaming media interactions were accessed, inspired by internet-related ethnography. Stimulated recall interviews, focusing on the participants’ experiences as well as their actual use of Spotify’s streaming service, were conducted, recorded, and transcribed. The generated material was subjected to co-operative hermeneutic content analysis. The results illuminate how Bildung evolves in users’ encounters with the service and with art mediated via Spotify. Relevant topics occurring in the human-art-technology relationship of Bildung from a Heideggerian perspective were Being-possible, the ability-to-be, and Spotify as the Other. In sum, it can be stated that Bildung evolves when Spotify exceeds the thingness of the Other, becoming a work of art in itself, throwing the user into Being.
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