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- Hedner, Jan A, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Exploring Safety and Tolerability of Sulthiame in Sleep Apnea
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1073-449X. ; 205:12, s. 1461-1469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Current therapies for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are limited by insufficient efficacy, compliance, or tolerability. An effective pharmacological treatment for OSA is warranted. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition has been shown to ameliorate OSA. Objectives: To explore safety and tolerability of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor sulthiame (STM) in OSA. Methods: A 4-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled dose-guiding trial was conducted in patients with moderate and/or severe OSA not tolerating positive airway pressure treatment. Measurements and Main Results: Intermittent paresthesia was reported by 79%, 67%, and 18% of patients receiving 400 mg STM (n = 34), 200 mg STM (n =12), and placebo (n = 22), respectively. Dyspnea was reported after 400 mg STM (18%). Six patients in the higher dose group withdrew because of adverse events. There were no serious adverse events. STM reduced the apnea-hypopnea index from 55.2 to 33.0 events/h (-41.0%) in the 400-mg group and from 61.1 to 40.6 events/h (-32.1%) after 200 mg (P < 0.001 for both). Corresponding placebo values were 53.9 and 50.9 events/h (-5.4%). The apnea-hypopnea index reduction threshold of >= 50% was reached in 40% of patients after 400 mg, 25% after 200 mg, and 5% after placebo. Mean overnight oxygen saturation improved by 1.1% after 400 and 200 mg (P < 0.001 and P = 0.034, respectively). Patient-related outcomes were unchanged. Conclusions: STM showed a satisfactory safety profile in moderate and/or severe OSA. STM reduced OSA, on average, by more than 20 events/h, one of the strongest reductions reported in a drug trial in OSA. Larger scale clinical studies of STM in OSA are justified.
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- Linares, Mathieu, et al.
(författare)
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On the interface dipole at the pentacene-fullerene heterojunction : A theoretical study
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 114:7, s. 3215-3224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic structure at organic/organic interfaces plays a key role, among others, in defining the quantum efficiency of organics-based photovoltaic cells. Here, we perform quantum-chemical and microelectrostatic calculations on molecular aggregates of various sizes and shapes to characterize the interfacial dipole moment at pentacene/C60 heterojunctions. The results show that the interfacial dipole mostly originates in polarization effects due to the asymmetry in the multipolar expansion of the electronic density distribution between the interacting molecules, rather than in a charge transfer from donor to acceptor. The local dipole is found to fluctuate in sign and magnitude over the interface and appears as a sensitive probe of the relative arrangements of the pentacene and C60 molecules (and of the resulting local electrical fields sensed by the molecular units).
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