| 1. |
- Lehtinen-Jacks, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in middle-aged women in relationship to adiposity and height trajectories over three decades
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 70:6, s. 709-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The long-term chronology of the association between low serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and weight status is unclear. We examined whether lower 25(OH)D in middle-aged women drives upwards the weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) over the next 32 years, and whether higher 25(OH)D might predict less decline in the mid- to late-life height trajectory. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg started in 1968-1969 (the baseline) in 38-60-year-old women residing in Gothenburg, Sweden. Anthropometric measures were taken at baseline and 4 re-examinations until 2000-2003. Levels of 25(OH)D were analyzed in serum stored since baseline in 1227 (84%) women. Repeated measures analyses were used to model associations between 25(OH)D (dichotomized, cut point 51.45nmol/l) at baseline and anthropometric trajectories, adjusting for fixed and time-dependent covariates. RESULTS: At baseline, mean BMI was 25.2kg/m2 in women with low 25(OH)D and 23.8kg/m2 in the remaining women (P<0.001), but this difference did not increase over 32 years and longitudinal differences were explained by the baseline BMI. Similar results were observed for weight and WHR. In contrast, no association was seen for height at baseline or longitudinally. CONCLUSIONS: No relationship was observed between 25(OH)D height trajectory, but lower 25(OH)D was associated with higher BMI, weight and WHR differences that were maintained over three decades. This provides no evidence for the direction of causality, but for a life-long difference in adiposity-related measures according to the 25D level in middle-aged women.
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| 2. |
- Leu, Monica, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Quality Assessment of 25(OH)D, Insulin, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Potassium in 40-Year-Old Frozen Serum
- 2015
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Ingår i: Epidemiology Research International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2980 .- 2090-2972. ; 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many longitudinal epidemiological studies collect specimens into biobanks to investigate how biomarkers predict future disease. In 1968-1969, the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg (PSWG) established a biobank. Objective: To examine the validity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and potassium after 40 years of storage at -20⁰C in terms of relative and absolute agreement. The quality of these markers under such condition has not been previously investigated. Methods: Baseline- and re-measured levels were compared in selected samples through percentage change, correlation and regression. 25(OH)D levels, not assessed at baseline, were compared by season, by BMI and longitudinally over six years. Results: Despite some lack of absolute agreement, Spearman correlations were >0.7 and statistically significant for all biomarkers. The 1968-1969 25(OH)D correlated with BMI (r=-0.45, p=0.05) and with levels six years later (r=0.85, p<0.001). Summer 25(OH)D was higher than winter 25(OH)D (p=0.02). Conclusion: For all markers, baseline- and re-measured levels exhibited high relative agreement. 25(OH)D was comparable with expected levels on fresh blood and varied with season. In future studies, PSWG individuals will be ranked according to these markers in order to follow incidence of disease.
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| 3. |
- Agelii, Monica Leu, et al.
(författare)
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Misdiagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Long-Term Cohort of Early Arthritis Based on the ACR-1987 Classification Criteria
- 2022
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Ingår i: Open Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews. - 1179-156X. ; 14, s. 187-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Correct diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is essential for optimal treatment choices. No pathognomonic test is available, and diagnosis is based on classification criteria, which can result in misdiagnosis. Here, we examined the differences between actual and misdiagnosed RA cases in a long-term cohort of patients included based on the ACR-1987 classification criteria. Methods: Patients in the BARFOT (Better Anti-Rheumatic PharmacOTherapy) cohort (n=2543) with at least four follow-up visits during the initial 5 years from enrolment were assessed, and a change in diagnosis was reported by the treating rheumatologist. The groups were analysed with respect to the individual classification criteria, antibodies to citrullinated proteins (ACPA), disease activity (DAS28) and radiographic changes from inclusion up to 2 years. Results: Forty-five patients (1.8%) were misdiagnosed (RA-change group). When compared to those in the RA-change group, the patients who kept their diagnosis (RA-keep) were more often RF positive (64% vs 21%, p<0.001) or ACPA positive (59% vs 8%, p<0.001). They were also more likely to fulfil more than four ACR-1987 criteria (64% vs 33%, p<0.001) and to have radiographic changes at inclusion (RA-keep 27% vs RA-change 12%, p=0.04). The groups had a similar evolution of DAS28 and its components as well as of radiological joint destruction. Conclusion: Diagnosis of RA according to the ACR-1987 criteria had a high precision in this long-term cohort. A diagnosis of RA should be re-evaluated in patients who do not fulfil more than four ACR-1987 criteria especially in patients negative for RF.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Maria L.E., et al.
(författare)
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Autoantibodies to Disease-Related Proteins in Joints as Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 75:7, s. 1110-1119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. This study was undertaken to develop and characterize a multiplex immunoassay for detection of autoantibodies against peptides derived from proteins known to play a role in development of arthritis and that are also expressed in joints.Methods. We selected peptides from the human counterpart of proteins expressed in the joints, based on mouse models that showed these to be targeted by pathogenic or regulatory antibodies in vivo. Using bead-based flow immunoassays measuring IgG antibodies, we selected triple helical or cyclic peptides, containing the epitopes, to avoid collinear reactivity. We characterized the analytical performance of the immunoassay and then validated it in 3 independent rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohorts (n = 2,110), Swedish age- and sex-matched healthy controls, and patients with osteoarthritis (OA), patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Results. Screening assays showed 5 peptide antigens that discriminated RA patients from healthy controls with 99% specificity (95% confidence interval [CI] 98-100%). In our validation studies, we reproduced the discriminatory capacity of the autoantibodies in 2 other RA cohorts, showing that the autoantibodies had high discriminatory capacity for RA versus OA, PsA, and SLE. The novel biomarkers identified 22.5% (95% CI 19-26%) of early RA patients seronegative for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and rheumatoid factor. The usefulness of the biomarkers in identifying seronegative RA patients was confirmed in validation studies using 2 independent cohorts of RA patients and cohorts of patients with OA, PsA, and SLE.Conclusion. A multiplex immunoassay with peptides from disease-related proteins in joints was found to be useful for detection of specific autoantibodies in RA serum. Of note, this immunoassay had high discriminatory capacity for early seronegative RA.
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| 5. |
- Brann, Ebba, et al.
(författare)
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Declining Well-Being in Young Swedes Born in 1990 Versus 1974
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1972. ; 60:3, s. 306-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-being is affected by the environment, including societal changes. In this study, specific dimensions of well-being were compared in two cohorts of Swedish adolescents born 16years apart.Two groups of 18-year-olds, "Grow up Gothenburg" 1974 and 1990 birth cohorts, completed a self-reported questionnaire including the Gothenburg Well-Being in adolescence scale (GWBa). In addition, height and weight were measured, resulting in 4,362 participants (1974 birth cohort) and 5,151 participants (1990 birth cohort) with age, height, weight, and well-being data. The GWBa consists of a total score and five dimensions: mood, physical condition, energy, self-esteem, and stress balance.Total well-being was significantly lower in the later-born cohort, and the greatest difference was seen for the dimension stress balance (feeling calm, unconcerned, unstressed, and relaxed), although effect sizes were modest. In both boys and girls, well-being was lower for all dimensions in the later-born cohort, with the exception of Self-esteem in girls, which was higher in the later-born cohort. In both cohorts, boys reported higher well-being than girls for all dimensions. The mean body mass index z-score was higher in boys from the later-born cohort, but after adjusting for weight status, the differences in well-being between the cohorts persisted.Well-being was lower in the later-born cohort, particularly for the dimension stress balance. Differences were not explained by the shift in weight status indicating that other societal changes have had an impact on well-being levels. Managing high levels of stress might be an area of intervention in adolescents for improved well-being.
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| 6. |
- Brann, Ebba, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the predictive ability of childhood body mass index classification systems for overweight and obesity at 18 years
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:8, s. 802-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the performance of three childhood body mass index classification systems defining weight status at age 10, for predicting overweight and obesity at 18 years, according to the World Health Organization adult body mass index classification. METHODS: Weight and height of 4235 Swedish girls and boys were measured both at around ages 10 and 18 years. Predictive ability of the extended International Obesity Task Force body mass index cut-offs (2012), the World Health Organization body mass index-for-age (2007) and a Swedish body mass index reference (2001) were assessed for sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: For predicting overweight including obesity at 18 years, the World Health Organization 2007 and the Swedish body mass index reference 2001 had similar sensitivity, 68% and 71%. The International Obesity Task Force 2012 had a significantly lower sensitivity, 53%. Specificity was 82-91% and highest for International Obesity Task Force 2012. For predicting obesity, the sensitivity for International Obesity Task Force 2012 was 29%, significantly lower than for the other two, 63% and 70%. Specificity was 94-100%, and highest for International Obesity Task Force 2012. CONCLUSIONS: In situations when optimal screening sensitivity is required for identifying as many high-risk children as possible, the World Health Organization 2007 and the Swedish body mass index reference 2001 performed better than the International Obesity Task Force 2012. However, it is important to keep in mind that the International Obesity Task Force 2012 will identify the fewest false positives.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bärebring, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Preeclampsia and Blood Pressure Trajectory during Pregnancy in Relation to Vitamin D Status
- 2016
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Every tenth pregnancy is affected by hypertension, one of the most common complications and leading causes of maternal death worldwide. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy include pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. The pathophysiology of the development of hypertension in pregnancy is unknown, but studies suggest an association with vitamin D status, measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between gestational 25(OH) D concentration and preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension and blood pressure trajectory. This cohort study included 2000 women. Blood was collected at the first (T1) and third (T3) trimester (mean gestational weeks 10.8 and 33.4). Blood pressure at gestational weeks 10, 25, 32 and 37 as well as symptoms of preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension were retrieved from medical records. Serum 25(OH) D concentrations (LC-MS/MS) in T1 was not significantly associated with preeclampsia. However, both 25(OH) D in T3 and change in 25 (OH) D from T1 to T3 were significantly and negatively associated with preeclampsia. Women with a change in 25(OH) D concentration of >= 30 nmol/L had an odds ratio of 0.22 (p = 0.002) for preeclampsia. T1 25(OH) D was positively related to T1 systolic (beta = 0.03, p = 0.022) and T1 diastolic blood pressure (beta = 0.02, p = 0.016), and to systolic (beta = 0.02, p = 0.02) blood pressure trajectory during pregnancy, in adjusted analyses. There was no association between 25(OH) D and pregnancy-induced hypertension in adjusted analysis. In conclusion, an increase in 25(OH) D concentration during pregnancy of at least 30 nmol/L, regardless of vitamin D status in T1, was associated with a lower odds ratio for preeclampsia. Vitamin D status was significantly and positively associated with T1 blood pressure and gestational systolic blood pressure trajectory but not with pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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| 9. |
- Gatto, Mariele, et al.
(författare)
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Early increase of circulating transitional B cells and autoantibodies to joint-related proteins in patients with metastatic melanoma developing checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.). - : Wiley. - 2326-5205 .- 2326-5191. ; 75:5, s. 856-863
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate potential associations between B cell-related immunological changes and development of inflammatory arthritis (IA) after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).Patients who developed IA (ICI-IA) and patients who did not develop immune-related adverse events (non-irAE) after receiving ICI due to metastatic melanoma were consecutively recruited. Blood samples were collected at the time of ICI-IA occurrence and at different timepoints during treatment. Peripheral blood B cell subsets during ICI treatment were analyzed by flow cytometry. Rheumatoid factor, autoantibodies against citrullinated peptides and against joint-related proteins were measured.Proportions of CD19+ B cells were higher in patients with ICI-IA (n=7) vs. non-irAE (n=15; median (interquartile range, IQR), %: 11.7 (9.7-16.2) vs. 8.1 (5.7-11.0), p=0.03). The proportion and absolute numbers of transitional CD19+ CD10+ CD24hi CD38hi B cells were increased in patients with ICI-IA vs. non-irAE (median (IQR); %: 8.1 (4.9-12.1) vs. 3.6 (1.9-4.9); cells/μl: 10.7 (8.9-19.6) vs. 4.4 (2.3-6.6), p<0.01 for both), and higher levels of transitional B cells were associated with development of ICI-IA (OR 95% CI: 2.25 (1.03-4.9), p=0.04). Transitional B cells increased before the onset of overt ICI-IA and decreased from active to quiescent ICI-IA (p=0.02). Autoantibodies to collagen II epitopes were detected in up to 43% of ICI-IA patients compared to none of the non-irAE patients (p=0.02).Development of ICI-IA is accompanied by an increase in transitional B cells and by production of autoantibodies to joint-related proteins. Monitoring of B cell-driven abnormalities upon ICI treatment may help earlier recognition of ICI-IA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Humphreys, Keith, et al.
(författare)
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The Genetic Structure of the Swedish Population
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:8, s. e22547-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patterns of genetic diversity have previously been shown to mirror geography on a global scale and within continents and individual countries. Using genome-wide SNP data on 5174 Swedes with extensive geographical coverage, we analyzed the genetic structure of the Swedish population. We observed strong differences between the far northern counties and the remaining counties. The population of Dalarna county, in north middle Sweden, which borders southern Norway, also appears to differ markedly from other counties, possibly due to this county having more individuals with remote Finnish or Norwegian ancestry than other counties. An analysis of genetic differentiation (based on pairwise F(st)) indicated that the population of Sweden's southernmost counties are genetically closer to the HapMap CEU samples of Northern European ancestry than to the populations of Sweden's northernmost counties. In a comparison of extended homozygous segments, we detected a clear divide between southern and northern Sweden with small differences between the southern counties and considerably more segments in northern Sweden. Both the increased degree of homozygosity in the north and the large genetic differences between the south and the north may have arisen due to a small population in the north and the vast geographical distances between towns and villages in the north, in contrast to the more densely settled southern parts of Sweden. Our findings have implications for future genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with respect to the matching of cases and controls and the need for within-county matching. We have shown that genetic differences within a single country may be substantial, even when viewed on a European scale. Thus, population stratification needs to be accounted for, even within a country like Sweden, which is often perceived to be relatively homogenous and a favourable resource for genetic mapping, otherwise inferences based on genetic data may lead to false conclusions.
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