| 1. |
- Ye, Zhoufeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Core competencies for injury prevention among public health students and an advocacy for curriculum development in the medical universities in China : A cross-sectional study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 26:6, s. 555-561
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To assess the current status of injury prevention (IP) core competency among medical students majoring in public health in China and to advocate for incorporating IP in the medical curriculum. Methods: The study used purposive sampling in eight medical universities in China in 2017, including 420 undergraduates and 763 graduates, using self-Administered questionnaires based on the core competency instrument for IP with five domains (31 items): A) injury analysis and assessment (8 items), B) IP project planning and implementation (7 items), C) communication (6 items), D) community practice (5 items), and E) leadership and systematic thinking (5 items). The higher score indicated the higher level of proficiency of the ability (scores ranged from 1 to 5). We used linear regression model to test the effect of IP course experience on the core competency mean score after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The total mean score was 2.78 (SD=0.76, median=2.9, range=1-4.55) and 2.68 (SD=0.75, median=2.81, range=1-4.45) for undergraduates and graduates, respectively. There were 60% and 36% of undergraduates and graduates who have ever taken IP course, respectively. IP course class hours were positively associated with core competency level (P<0.05) across five domains (except for domain D) and the total. Conclusion: The core competency level is relatively low among public health students in China. Setting IP courses should be considered as an effective way to improve students' core competency. It is a step moving towards the IP education promotion, and further boosting the field of public health.
|
|
| 2. |
- Zhang, Ding, et al.
(författare)
-
Zinc Supplementation Protects against Cadmium Accumulation and Cytotoxicity in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney Cells
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:8, s. e103427-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cadmium ions (Cd2+) have been reported to accumulate in bovine tissues, although Cd2+ cytotoxicity has not been investigated thoroughly in this species. Zinc ions (Zn2+) have been shown to antagonize the toxic effects of heavy metals such as Cd2+ in some systems. The present study investigated Cd2+ cytotoxicity in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) epithelial cells, and explored whether this was modified by Zn2+. Exposure to Cd2+ led to a dose-and time-dependent increase in apoptotic cell death, with increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage. Zn2+ supplementation alleviated Cd2+-induced cytotoxicity and this protective effect was more obvious when cells were exposed to a lower concentration of Cd2+ (10 mu M), as compared to 50 mu M Cd2+. This indicated that high levels of Cd2+ accumulation might induce irreversible damage in bovine kidney cells. Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-binding proteins that play an essential role in heavy metal ion detoxification. We found that co-exposure to Zn2+ and Cd2+ synergistically enhanced RNA and protein expression of MT-1, MT-2, and the metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 in MDBK cells. Notably, addition of Zn2+ reduced the amounts of cytosolic Cd2+ detected following MDBK exposure to 10 mu M Cd2+. These findings revealed a protective role of Zn2+ in counteracting Cd2+ uptake and toxicity in MDBK cells, indicating that this approach may provide a means to protect livestock from excessive Cd2+ accumulation.
|
|
